Modern vehicles must communicate their intentions and status across diverse conditions, from bright sunlight to nighttime fog, and to different road users including those with color vision deficiencies. Current lighting systems operate at luminance levels between 400-1000 cd/m² for brake lights and 200-500 cd/m² for turn signals, yet accident data shows that traditional signals are sometimes missed or misinterpreted in critical moments.

The fundamental challenge lies in developing lighting systems that are universally comprehensible while meeting strict regulatory requirements for intensity, color, and activation timing.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including adaptive brightness systems, color-blind accessible signaling, elevated warning indicators, and wearable synchronized lighting solutions. These and other approaches focus on enhancing communication between vehicles and all road users while maintaining compliance with safety standards.

1. Traction Control Indicator Light Management Method Based on Road Surface Smoothness and Activation Frequency

SHANGHAI JIDU AUTOMOBILE CO LTD, 2023

A method to control the traction control indicator light on a vehicle in a way that reduces driver distraction. The method involves determining if the traction control indication signal should respond to the traction control process based on vehicle monitoring information. When the road surface smoothness is high, the indication light responds. But if the road is rough and traction control is frequent, the light doesn't flash. This prevents excessive flashing due to frequent traction control activations on rough roads. The decision is based on factors like road surface smoothness, traction control duration, and parameter value.

2. Brake Warning Light System with Braking Pattern Detection and Adaptive Signal Modulation

TAIPEI CITY UNIV OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TAIPEI CITY UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2023

Intelligent brake warning light for vehicles that can accurately indicate the braking status of the vehicle in front to prevent collisions. The light has a sensor to detect the driver's braking action, an analyzer to interpret the braking pattern, and a controller to adjust the light's flashing frequency, brightness, etc based on the analysis. This provides more precise brake light warnings to rear vehicles and pedestrians compared to conventional constant lights.

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3. Rear Wiper Arm-Mounted LED Light Unit with Integrated Flasher System

BAAL PATENT AB, 2023

Vehicle hazard flasher and warning system that improves visibility of a stopped or disabled vehicle. It adds light unit with flashing LEDs mounted on the rear wiper arm. This provides an extra alerting light source higher up and away from the vehicle body, increasing visibility to approaching drivers. The wiper arm light unit activates when the hazard flashers are turned on.

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4. Vehicle Signal Light with Fiber Optic Rod Featuring Dual Rear Walls and Segmented Light Function Capability

Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen (Germany) GmbH, 2023

Signal light for vehicles with a fiber optic rod that has an elongated light emitting surface and is designed to generate two light functions, only one of which is segmented. The fiber optic rod has two rear walls, each of which has a deflection element edge and a side wall edge, and extends in the longitudinal direction between the row of light deflection elements and the side walls, and the side wall edges are further apart than the deflection element edges in a cross section of the fiber optic rod that is transverse to the longitudinal extension thereof.

5. Marker Light Activation System for Heavy Trucks with Autonomous Mode Detection and Ambient Light Monitoring

SHANGHAI QIANCHEN AUTOMOBILE TECH CO LTD, SHANGHAI QIANCHEN AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2023

System for automatically turning on marker lights on heavy trucks in autonomous mode to warn other drivers. The system uses the vehicle body controller, autonomous driving controller, light sensor, and headlight switch to detect when the truck enters autonomous mode and activate the marker lights. It also monitors ambient light and headlight status for configuring the marker light brightness. This provides a visible cue to other drivers when the truck is in autonomous mode.

6. Vehicle Front-Mounted Deceleration Indication System with Multi-Sensor Activation

Pedestrian Safety Solutions, LLC, 2023

Apparatus to provide a visual indication on a vehicle that it is braking or decelerating to improve pedestrian safety. The indication may be provided by lighting on the front of the vehicle, such as on a license plate frame, that visually signals deceleration to pedestrians and others in front of the vehicle. An accelerometer or brake pedal sensor detects deceleration and actuates the lights. Other sensors, wireless communication, or voice commands may also be used to activate the lights. The lights may also indicate whether the vehicle has sensed pedestrians.

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7. Motor Vehicle Braking Warning System with Driver Intention Analysis and Multi-Directional Signal Activation

CHEN YU, 2023

A motor vehicle braking warning system that can effectively distinguish and communicate different types of braking intentions of the driver to warn other road users behind, in front, and on the side of the vehicle. The system analyzes the speed and depth of the brake pedal to determine the strength of the driver's braking intention. It compares this to preset braking intention types and triggers appropriate warning signals using devices like brake lights, horns, and flashing indicators. This allows more specific and effective warnings compared to just brake lights.

8. Vehicle Lighting System with Automated Activation Based on Environmental and Speed Conditions

KYUNGSHIN CORP, 2022

Automatically turning on vehicle lights when driving conditions are deemed dangerous, even if the light switch is off. The system detects if the vehicle is in a dark environment, going fast, and has poor weather. If so, it warns the driver that the lights are off and forcibly turns them on to prevent accidents in dangerous driving conditions.

9. Vehicle Direction Indication System Utilizing Speed, Steering, and Gear Position Sensors

XIE MING XIAN, XIE MING-XIAN, XU ZHONG HAO, 2021

Vehicle warning system to help avoid accidents by providing clear indication of vehicle direction when turn signals are not used or forgotten. The system uses sensors to detect vehicle speed, steering angle, and gear position. If speed is above a threshold and steering angle indicates a turn but turn signals aren't on, a warning is issued. If speed is above a threshold and gear is engaged but steering angle is straight, a warning is issued. These scenarios indicate the driver may have forgotten to turn off turn signals after changing lanes or is neglecting to use them when turning. The warnings can be visual or audible alerts to other vehicles around the car to avoid confusion.

10. Vehicle Auxiliary Lighting System with Deceleration-Activated Low-Angle Illumination and Lane Change Indication

LI CHUANCHUAN, 2021

A vehicle safety auxiliary lighting system that provides enhanced visibility and lane change indication during deceleration. The system has sensors to detect deceleration and activates auxiliary lights below the main headlights to increase visibility for following vehicles. The auxiliary lights are dimmer than the main lights and aimed lower. This provides additional illumination to the road ahead without blinding oncoming traffic. The auxiliary lights also flash when turning to indicate lane changes. This improves safety during deceleration and lane changes in low visibility conditions.

11. Smart Lighting Device with Driving Behavior Monitoring and Abnormal State Indication

NIU TECH GROUP LTD, NIU TECHNOLOGIES GROUP LTD, 2021

A smart lighting device for electric vehicles that monitors driving behavior and warns riders and others when it's abnormal. The device collects driving data, analyzes it to determine the state, and flashes a warning light if it's abnormal. This helps prevent accidents by alerting riders and others when they're speeding, changing lanes recklessly, etc.

12. Vehicle Motion Display System with Gyroscope-Based Brake Strength and Lane Change Detection

WANG CHAO, WU TUO, 2021

A device to display brake strength and lane change indications in vehicles to improve safety. It uses a gyroscope, microcontroller, LED display, and power supply. The gyroscope detects vehicle motion. When the vehicle brakes, the microcontroller calculates the brake strength based on gyroscope data and displays it on the LED board. It also detects lane changes by monitoring the gyroscope output while turning without signals. This allows timely and accurate brake strength and lane change indications to help drivers react appropriately.

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13. Vehicle Warning System with Sensor-Based Detection of Turn Signal and Light Status

XIE MING XIAN, XIE MING-XIAN, XU ZHONG HAO, 2021

A vehicle warning system that helps prevent accidents by providing clear indications of a vehicle's intended path when the driver forgets to turn signals or lights off. The system uses sensors to detect the vehicle speed, steering angle, and gear position. When the vehicle speed and steering angle indicate a turn but the turn signals are not on, it issues a warning. If the vehicle is moving straight but the turn signals are still on, it issues a warning. If the vehicle is in park but the lights are on, it issues a warning. These warnings provide additional cues to other drivers to avoid misunderstanding the vehicle's intended path.

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14. Vehicle Lighting System for Coordinated U-Turn Signaling

José C. Arteiro, Waleska Sanchez, 2021

A system to signal a U-turn maneuver by a vehicle using the existing headlights, reverse lights, turn signals and side lights. The system involves activating those lights on the side corresponding to the U-turn direction to flash in coordination. This provides a clear and universally recognizable signal that communicates a U-turn intention. A switch or processor triggers the coordinated flashing when a U-turn signal is activated.

15. Vehicle Warning Light System with Yaw Rate and Sideslip Angle-Based Activation

Volvo Car Corporation, VOLVO CAR CORP, 2021

Automatically activating a vehicle's warning lights when the driver loses control. The system monitors the yaw rate and sideslip angle of the vehicle. If both exceed thresholds and the vehicle comes to a stop within a certain time, the warning lights are activated. This provides a backup to the driver in situations where they lose traction and can't remember to activate the hazards. The timing is based on vehicle speed to account for different stopping times.

16. Vehicle Cabin Light Strip System with Sensor-Driven Visual Indications

DAIMLER AG, 2020

Driver assistance system for vehicles that displays important information to the driver using a light strip inside the cabin. The system uses sensors to detect vehicle data like speed, fuel level, navigation instructions, and autonomous driving capability. It then displays these values as visual indications on the light strip. For example, flashing lights could indicate an imminent lack of fuel, a steady light could indicate autonomous driving is possible, and a color change could indicate exceeding the speed limit. This provides a unique and intuitive way to display critical information inside the vehicle using the existing light strip rather than additional displays.

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17. Vehicle Rear Warning Light System with CAN Bus-Integrated Gradual Braking Activation

KINNEY ASWD HOLDING COMPANY LLC, 2020

An advanced warning light system for vehicles called an Advanced Signal Warning Device (ASWD) that provides enhanced braking indicator lights to improve safety when driving behind other vehicles. The ASWD activates additional lights on the rear of a vehicle when the brakes are applied gradually, not just when they're fully applied. This provides earlier warning to following drivers that the vehicle ahead may be slowing down, increasing awareness and safety. The ASWD connects to the vehicle's CAN bus to monitor braking behavior and activate the additional lights.

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18. Vehicle Turn Signal Control System with Sensor-Based Automatic and Reminder Functions

Shanghai Hella Electronics Co., Ltd., 2019

Vehicle turn signal control system that reminds drivers to properly turn on and off turn signals, and also automatically turns them on and off in certain conditions. The system uses sensors to monitor vehicle speed, steering angle, and turn signal state. It analyzes this data to determine driving conditions and prompts the driver to properly use the turn signals. It can also automatically turn them on and off when parked or in specific situations. The system aims to improve turn signal usage for safety and prevent forgetting to turn signals on/off.

19. Braking Severity Indication System with Acceleration Sensor and Multi-Level Indicator Lights

Dong Bo, 2019

Vehicle driving state warning system that provides an accurate indication of braking severity using embedded electronics. The system has an acceleration sensor, embedded controller, and indicator lights. The controller compares the acceleration data from the sensor to a threshold. If the braking acceleration is within a range, it lights up a corresponding number of indicator lights, with more lights lit for stronger braking. This provides a direct, visual indication of the braking intensity to the following driver.

20. Driver Fatigue Detection System Utilizing Facial Monitoring with Automated Hazard Signaling

Chongqing Jinkang New Energy Vehicle Design Institute Co., Ltd., 2019

System to alert surrounding vehicles and pedestrians when a driver is fatigued to prevent accidents. The system uses vehicle cameras to monitor driver face and eyes. If blinking frequency is low or facial features indicate fatigue, it sends a request to turn on hazard lights. This alerts other vehicles and pedestrians to be cautious around the fatigued driver. The system also notifies the driver with lights and navigation to rest areas.

21. Vehicle Brake Light System with Sensor-Driven Adaptive Signaling Mechanism

Apple Inc., 2018

A system for providing enhanced brake warning lights on vehicles that can provide additional information and warnings beyond just basic brake lights. The system uses sensors to monitor factors like following distance, collision risk, and road conditions. It then generates customized brake light patterns and messages based on those factors to communicate more detailed brake status and warnings to following vehicles. The system can use LED lights, displays, and wireless transmission to provide visual and audible warnings.

22. LED Taillight System with Individually Controllable Multi-LED Arrays for Enhanced Signaling

Se-Ho Oh, 2018

Vehicle taillight system that can represent various driving situations and intentions using LED taillights. The system has dual taillights with multiple LEDs. A controller can operate the LEDs individually or together to display driving info like vehicle location, emergency, direction, and driver intentions. This allows more expressive and detailed taillight signals compared to conventional lights that just indicate basic vehicle states.

23. Vehicle Deceleration Detection System with Independent Activation of RGB LED Brake Lights

CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GUADALAJARA MEXICO S A DE C V, CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GUADALAJARA MEXICO SA DE CV, 2017

A system of additional brake lights for vehicles that detects deceleration independently of the brake system. The system uses the vehicle's speed and throttle sensors to detect deceleration in real-time. It compares the speed change over time to a threshold. If deceleration exceeds the threshold, it activates the additional lights to warn other drivers. This provides supplemental deceleration indication beyond just the brake lights. The system uses RGB LEDs in the rear taillights that can display yellow during deceleration.

24. Vehicle Light System with Sensor-Driven Status-Indicating Illumination Patterns

GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC, 2017

Displaying vehicle status using vehicle lights in a way that improves communication to drivers who are not inside the car. The vehicle has a controller that receives inputs from sensors about the vehicle's status (e.g., ignition, tire pressure) and from a remote control device about the driver's proximity. The controller then sends an output signal to the vehicle lights to illuminate in a specific pattern corresponding to the vehicle status and driver proximity. This allows drivers to quickly and easily see the vehicle's status from a distance, even if they are not inside the car.

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25. Vehicle Sensor-Integrated LED System for Object Detection and Driver Alert Indication

SPIRITED EAGLE ENTERPRISES LLC, 2016

Enhancing driver situation awareness and environment perception around a vehicle using LEDs integrated into sensors and displays. The system has sensors around the vehicle to monitor blind spots and critical zones. When an object is detected, only the LEDs associated with that sensor light up to visually indicate the object's location. This helps the driver see objects in blind spots during maneuvers like backing up. The LEDs can be in mirrors, displays, or trailers. The system can also detect driver actions and alert if they indicate an unsafe maneuver based on sensor data.

26. In-Vehicle Driver Monitoring and Response System with Incapacitation Detection and Automated Risk-Aversion Actions

DENSO CORP, 2016

In-vehicle system that can detect when a driver becomes unconscious or incapacitated during driving and respond appropriately to mitigate risks. The system monitors driver state using cameras and alerts the outside if the driver becomes unresponsive. If the alert is not cleared, it performs risk-aversion actions like slowing, stopping, or evacuating to the shoulder. This avoids accidents if the driver remains incapacitated. The system also changes the blink pattern of the hazard lights to indicate severity and urgency.

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27. Driver Awareness System with Sensor-Based Threat Detection and Risk Visualization

DENSO INT AMERICA INC, DENSO INTERNATIONAL AMERICA INC, 2015

A system to enhance driver situational awareness by providing clear and concise warnings about surrounding dangers and vehicle position. The system uses sensors to identify threats relative to the vehicle, calculates risk based on factors like size, speed, and trajectory, and visually indicates the danger to the driver. This aims to improve safety by conveying risks in a way that aligns with the driver's mental models. It also integrates sensor data, road info, and vehicle state to provide a comprehensive view of the environment.

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28. In-Vehicle Driver Condition Monitoring and Exterior Alert Light System with Sensor-Based Activation and Collision-Responsive Patterns

AUTO NETWORK GIJUTSU KENKYUSHO, AUTO NETWORK GIJUTSU KENKYUSHO:KK, SUMITOMO ELECTRIC IND LTD, 2015

In-vehicle system to notify people around a vehicle when the driver is unwell or incapacitated. The system monitors the driver's physical condition using sensors like heart rate, EEG, blood pressure, and temperature. If the driver's condition is abnormal or urgent, it causes the interior lights to flash or blink differently than normal. This alerts people outside the vehicle that something is wrong with the driver. If the vehicle collides, the lights still flash but the pattern depends on the driver's condition. This allows early response based on the severity of the driver's state. The system can also detect collisions separately and cause different light patterns if the driver is normal.

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29. Vehicle Lamp System with Sequential Activation and Failure Detection

KOITO MANUFACTURING CO., LTD., 2014

Vehicle lamp system that draws attention to surroundings when starting. The system has multiple light sources that sequentially turn on when starting signals are received, like ignition or brake release. This creates a moving light sequence around the vehicle as it starts, alerting nearby vehicles and pedestrians. The sequence can be continuous or adjacent lights. The sequence illuminance is lower than normal driving to avoid distracting other drivers. The sequence detects and notifies if any light fails.

30. Vehicle Lighting System with Programmable LED Flash Pattern Control

Glen Harris, 2010

Programmable lighting system for vehicles using LEDs that allows customizable flash patterns for improved visibility and attention-grabbing compared to constant intensity LEDs. The system uses electronically switchable LEDs that can be programmed with variable flash patterns to enhance attractiveness and conspicuity compared to traditional constant-intensity LEDs. This allows features like pulsing, fading, and sequencing lights for improved signaling and safety.

31. Vehicle U-Turn Indicator with Sequential U-Shaped Lighting Pattern

Caryn Boxer, 1998

Indicator for signaling a vehicle's intent to make a U-turn. The indicator has a sequential lighting pattern that forms the shape of a U as the vehicle turns. This provides a clear and distinct visual cue to other drivers, pedestrians, and traffic signals to alert them that the vehicle is making a U-turn. The sequential lighting sequence helps distinguish a U-turn from a left turn since the vehicle will slow down more for a U-turn.

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These advancements demonstrate how new technologies, improved visibility, and more obviously observable driving intents are always being used to improve lighting systems. These developments could greatly enhance both traffic flow and road safety.

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