Reverse Osmosis for Drinking Water Purification

Water purification system that extends membrane life and reduces fouling by sterilizing water before reverse osmosis filtration. The system includes a frame, pump, primary RO device, and interposed sterilizer. The raw water flows through the sterilizer before entering the RO unit to reduce microorganisms, protect the RO membrane, and extend its life. The sterilizer can use non-oxidizing biocides that penetrate sediment and slime, are less affected by pH, and have persistence.

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Water purification system for a compact, easy-to-control water purifier that addresses issues of large size, multiple filter elements, and complex flow control in prior systems. The system has a composite filter with pre- and post-filters, a reverse osmosis filter, and a concentrated water treatment unit. It allows cyclic flushing and pulse flushing of the RO membrane by adjusting flow paths. The concentrated water outlet connects to a circulating and pulsing path that alternates. This simplifies flow control compared to separate flushing and discharge paths. It also has an integrated filter element and returns concentrated water to the purifier for processing instead of discharge. This reduces concentration polarization.

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A drinking water purification system with multiple storage tanks to prevent back pressure damage to the reverse osmosis membrane. The system has separate tanks for storing purified water. The raw water is treated with multimedia, carbon, and precision filters before going through the reverse osmosis process. A high-pressure pump feeds the reverse osmosis membrane. The purified water goes into one tank, and when that tank is low, water is transferred to the other tank to maintain pressure. This prevents back pressure on the reverse osmosis membrane when the downstream tank is empty.

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Pure water filtration system with improved reverse osmosis performance by preventing scaling of the membrane. The system has multiple stages of filtration before the reverse osmosis unit. It uses a media filter, activated carbon filter, precision filter, and antiscalant dosing assembly. The precision filter removes particles larger than 5 microns to protect the reverse osmosis membrane from scaling. Gauges before and after the precision filter monitor pressure differences to indicate its condition.

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Backwashable water purification system with improved reverse osmosis membrane cleaning. The system has multiple features to effectively clean the reverse osmosis membrane without using untreated raw water. The backwash pipeline, pump, and valve allow periodic reversed flow through the membrane to remove impurities. Additionally, a separate path is provided to bypass the membrane during backwash. This allows cleaning without exposing the membrane to raw water. The system also has pre-filtration stages to remove particles and contaminants before reverse osmosis. This prevents membrane fouling and prolongs life. The clean water tanks and sterilizer allow customizing the purification stages and improving overall system efficiency.

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A hydrophilic bactericidal anti-pollution reverse osmosis membrane system that combines multiple filtration stages and sterilization steps to improve water quality. The system uses a specialized antifouling and sterilizing filter plate sandwiched between two reverse osmosis membranes. The plate has filter membranes on one side and a granular activated carbon layer on the other. This allows contaminant filtration and adsorption. The plate also has movable grooves with slides that connect the membranes to allow adjustment for optimal flow. The system also uses bactericidal membranes and hydrophilic filter cloths to enhance sterilization. This multi-stage configuration provides comprehensive water treatment with filtration, adsorption, sterilization, and reverse osmosis steps.

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This is a portable, hand-carrying water purification unit that can filter freshwater or desalinate salt water. It is designed to be rugged, durable, and easily transported in challenging environments. An internal rechargeable battery pack or external power sources can power it. It uses a combination of filtration technologies, including nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, to treat a range of water sources.

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High-efficiency reverse osmosis water treatment system that provides improved filtration of raw water by utilizing multiple stages of filtration and separation. The system includes a raw water tank, mechanical filter, activated carbon filter, precision filter, reverse osmosis device, cleaning device, and two pumps. Raw water enters the tank, passes through mechanical filtration, carbon filtration, and precision filtration before reverse osmosis. This multi-stage process removes organic matter, dissolved salts, colloids, and microorganisms more effectively compared to using a single reverse osmosis membrane. If a stage fails, the remaining stages can still provide filtration.

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Filter element for water purifiers that reduces fouling and scaling on the reverse osmosis membrane, improving filter performance and longevity. The filter core has a housing, permeable pipe, reverse osmosis membrane, and nanofiltration membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane filters the water and the nanofiltration membrane further filters the concentrated water. This dual membrane setup allows the concentrated water to pass through both membranes, reducing fouling and scaling on the reverse osmosis membrane.

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Filter element for water purifiers that extends the life of the reverse osmosis membrane by adding a parallel nanofiltration membrane. The filter element has two chambers, one with a reverse osmosis membrane and the other with a nanofiltration membrane. Raw water enters both chambers, the reverse osmosis membrane filters out impurities and the nanofiltration membrane further filters the water. This reduces the load on the reverse osmosis membrane, prolonging its life, and increases overall water production.

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A decentralized, facility-based wastewater treatment system that eliminates the need for sewers and central treatment plants. It involves equipping toilets with technology like blades, tanks, pumps, filters, and chemical systems to process and recover wastewater on-site. The system treats and separates black and gray water into reusable treated water and fertilizer-like slurry. The recovered water can be reused while the slurry is safely disposed of. It enables pathogen removal with reverse osmosis, eliminates centralized treatment, saves water, and prevents pollution compared to traditional sewers.

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A thin-film composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane with improved fouling resistance and an efficient preparation method using metal-organic frameworks for water purification. The membrane has antibacterial and anti-biofouling properties to prevent fouling and extend membrane life. The method involves loading a specific metal-organic framework (CuBTTri) into a polyamide thin film on an ultrafiltration membrane substrate.

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A system and method for reusing wastewater from a reverse osmosis filtering process that allows the reuse of wastewater from reverse osmosis (RO) filtration for high-value applications like pharmaceutical manufacturing. The system involves pre-treating the waste RO water with chlorination and chemical adjustment to bring it within an acceptable pH and conductivity range, then blending it with treated chlorinated drinking water before reuse. This allows the waste RO water to be safely reused by bringing its properties in line with regulatory standards.

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Method of maintaining, cleaning, and defouling reverse osmosis systems using a stabilized hypochlorous acid solution as a biocide. The solution is prepared by reacting a chlorine source with a stabilizer in a molar ratio of 1:9 to 9:1. A bromide ion source can be added to produce stabilized hypobromous acid. The biocide is effective at preventing biofouling of RO membranes without harming them.

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Reverse osmosis membrane with resistance to fouling and antimicrobial properties for water purification. The membrane has an outer antimicrobial layer covalently bonded to the polyamide layer of the membrane. A compound from the quaternary ammonium compounds family is used as the antimicrobial agent. This layer surrounds the polyamide layer to prevent fouling and microbial growth on the membrane surface.

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Two-stage reverse osmosis water purification system designed for rural households with high salt and polluted groundwater. The system uses multiple filtration stages with ultraviolet sterilization to adapt to varying water qualities. It starts with ball valve, pump, and UV sterilizer for initial treatment. Then super filter, activated carbon, and precision filter stages follow. The final stages are reverse osmosis membranes with UV sterilization. This allows effective purification of heavily contaminated rural water sources.

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Sanitizing the permeate flow path of a reverse osmosis system without disassembly. The method involves injecting a biocide into the permeate compartment while the system is operating, using the unused permeate ports on the end of the system. The injected biocide can sanitize the entire permeate flow path to prevent fouling and bacteria growth.

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Drinking water purification device that uses a two-stage filtration process to effectively remove contaminants, impurities, microorganisms, and ions from water. The device features functional nanofiber membranes with antibacterial properties for pre-treatment and a charged ultrafiltration membrane for final purification. Physical washing and positive diffusion chemical cleaning are used to maintain membrane performance. This allows reuse and reduces membrane fouling compared to conventional multi-stage filters.

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A large capacity reverse osmosis water purifier that provides high throughput, clean water, and safety at a lower cost. The purifier has a three-stage filtration system. The first stage uses a PP cotton filter. The second stage uses a composite filter made of PP cotton and sintered carbon rods. The third stage is a reverse osmosis membrane. This sequence removes particles, impurities, and contaminants before the final purification step. The composite filter allows higher throughput compared to just carbon. The PP cotton in the first stage prevents clogging of the later stages. The lower cost is from using PP cotton and sintered carbon instead of expensive activated carbon.

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A compact plateau water filtration system for purifying raw water into drinking water in a high altitude environment. The system has a purification device with multiple filtration stages including softening, media filtration, activated carbon, demineralization, and reverse osmosis. It also has a control device with solenoid valves to regulate water flow and a monitoring device with pressure gauges to track filtration performance. The system is compact, easy to clean, replace components, and monitor water quality compared to large traditional systems.

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