Corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete structures leads to significant deterioration, with chloride ion penetration causing material losses of up to 1.5mm per year in aggressive marine environments. When corrosion initiates, the expanding rust products can generate internal pressures exceeding 4 MPa, leading to concrete cracking and compromised structural integrity.

The fundamental challenge lies in developing protective systems that prevent chloride ion penetration while maintaining the critical bond strength between steel and concrete that enables composite structural behavior.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including multi-layer protective coating systems, cold-spray metallurgical bonding techniques, graphene-based surface treatments, and specialized concrete formulations with integrated corrosion inhibitors. These and other approaches focus on practical implementation in both new construction and rehabilitation projects, with particular emphasis on marine and coastal applications where corrosion risks are highest.

1. Steel Bar Welded Mesh with Multi-Layer Protective Coating System

HENAN HAITONG NEW MATERIALS CO LTD, Henan Haitong New Materials Co., Ltd., 2024

High-strength steel bar welded mesh with enhanced corrosion resistance through a multi-layer protective system. The mesh comprises a primary protective layer, followed by an anti-corrosion layer, and finally a secondary protective layer. This multi-layer approach ensures comprehensive protection against corrosion while maintaining the structural integrity of the mesh.

CN222120741U-patent-drawing

2. Continuous Cold Spray Method for Metallurgical Bonding of Stainless Steel Coatings on Reinforcement Bars

MCALPINE SAMUEL, 2024

A method for applying corrosion-resistant coatings to steel reinforcement bars using a continuous cold spray additive formulation. The coating is produced by atomizing corrosion-resistant stainless steel particles into fine spherical particles, which are then sprayed onto the steel reinforcement bar at high velocities. The coating forms a metallurgical bond with the steel through extreme plastic deformation and low-temperature welding, providing a durable and corrosion-resistant barrier against chloride ions and chloride ions. The coating can be formulated with various particle sizes and thicknesses, and can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes for steel reinforcement bars.

3. Concrete Pipe Pile with Multi-Bar Reinforcement and Glass Fiber Mesh Anti-Corrosion Layer

GUANGDONG JIANYA INTERIOR ENGINEERING DESIGN CONSTRUCTION CO LTD, 广东建雅室内工程设计施工有限公司, 2022

High-strength concrete pipe pile with enhanced corrosion resistance through a multi-bar reinforcement system. The pile comprises a hollow cylindrical concrete core, a fiber-reinforced concrete layer, and a reinforcing steel structure comprising 12 vertical and 12 horizontal reinforcing bars. The steel bars are positioned between the fiber-reinforced concrete layer and the core, with additional reinforcing bars placed between the steel bars and the core. The steel bars are connected to the fiber-reinforced concrete layer through hoops, while the fiber-reinforced concrete layer itself features a glass fiber mesh anti-corrosion layer.

CN216865119U-patent-drawing

4. Corrosion-Resistant Steel Bar with Protective Coating and Specialized Surface Finish

德清笃信新材料科技有限公司, 2022

A corrosion-resistant smooth round steel bar for reinforced concrete structures that prevents erosion and internal oxidation. The bar features a unique surface treatment that combines a protective coating with a specialized surface finish, providing enhanced durability against environmental stressors. The coating is applied through a controlled process that incorporates a corrosion-inhibiting material into the surface layer, while the surface finish is optimized for improved mechanical properties. This innovative combination addresses the conventional limitations of smooth round steel bars in terms of erosion resistance and internal corrosion.

5. Stainless Steel-Clad Reinforced Concrete with Coated Steel Bars and Protective Layer

BEIBU GULF UNIVERSITY, 2021

Stainless steel-clad reinforced concrete using coated steel bars for marine construction. The reinforced concrete structure features a steel core with a stainless steel coating, where the stainless steel is wrapped around the core. The stainless steel is then covered with a second adhesive layer and reinforced with a protective coating. The steel core provides enhanced strength and durability, while the stainless steel coating protects the steel bars from corrosion. The coated steel core is then assembled into a reinforced concrete structure through conventional construction methods, offering a corrosion-resistant solution for marine applications.

CN113863576A-patent-drawing

6. Steel Bar Coating Composition with Cement and Water-Based Epoxy Resin

JIANGSU POWER TRANS & TRANSFORMATION CO LTD, 2021

A steel bar rust-inhibiting coating material and its preparation method for reinforced concrete structures, particularly in coastal construction projects. The coating combines cement, water-based epoxy resin, emulsion type interface treatment agent, steel bar anti-corrosion agent, and defoamer to protect steel bars from chloride-induced corrosion in saline-alkali environments. The coating formulation enables enhanced corrosion resistance, improved concrete durability, and increased service life of reinforced concrete structures.

CN113735539A-patent-drawing

7. Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Pier with Reinforced Core and Specialized Corrosion-Resistant Concrete Filling

SHENYANG JIANZHU UNIVERSITY, Shenyang Jianzhu University, 2021

A high-strength concrete-filled steel tube pier for offshore construction that prevents seawater corrosion while extending the service life of the structure. The pier features a reinforced concrete core filled with high-strength steel tubes, providing enhanced corrosion resistance against seawater and marine organisms. The design incorporates a specialized concrete filling material that significantly reduces the risk of corrosion while maintaining structural integrity. This innovative pier configuration enables the construction of longer, more durable offshore structures by protecting them from the corrosive effects of seawater and marine environments.

CN214033342U-patent-drawing

8. Steel Cage Reinforced Concrete Structure with Integrated Corrosion-Resistant Coating and Reinforced Framework

Nanjing Tech University, ZHEJIANG HANGREEN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CO LTD, NANJING TECH UNIVERSITY, 2021

Steel cage reinforced concrete structure with enhanced chloride resistance, featuring a novel cage design that integrates a protective coating with the cage itself. The cage comprises a concrete core filled with steel bars and stirrups, where the cage's outer surface is treated with a corrosion-resistant mortar. The cage's structural integrity is maintained through a reinforced framework of longitudinal steel bars and stirrups, ensuring durability in marine environments where chloride ions can penetrate.

9. Reinforced Concrete Structure with Anticorrosive Coated Steel Cage and Concrete Core

ZHEJIANG HANGREEN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CO LTD, 2020

A reinforced concrete structure with enhanced chloride ion resistance for marine environments, featuring a steel cage with integrated anticorrosive coating. The cage comprises a concrete core encasing the steel cage, with a steel cage comprising multiple longitudinal steel bars and square stirrups. The steel cage is coated with an anticorrosive mortar layer on its exterior surface, ensuring protection against chloride ion corrosion while maintaining structural integrity.

CN111894150A-patent-drawing

10. Graphene-Coated Steel Bars with Silane Coupling Agent and Thermal Treatment for Corrosion Resistance

CHINA RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION BRIDGE ENGINEERING BUREAU GROUP NO.6 ENGINEERING CO LTD, 2019

Graphene-based anticorrosive steel bars for reinforced concrete structures, comprising a surface treatment that prevents chloride-induced corrosion. The treatment involves removing surface rust, ultrasonic cleaning, and subsequent silane coupling agent application to modify the steel surface. The silane coupling agent solution is then applied to the modified steel bars, which undergo a controlled thermal treatment to form graphene layers. This graphene-based coating enhances the steel's corrosion resistance while maintaining its structural integrity.

CN109943111A-patent-drawing

11. Reinforced Concrete with Stainless Steel-Coated Bars and Coral Reef Aggregates

HUNAN 3T NEW MATERIAL CO LTD, 2019

A reinforced concrete for offshore structures using stainless steel-coated steel bars, incorporating sea sand and coral reef aggregates. The innovative approach combines the corrosion-resistant properties of stainless steel with the natural reinforcement of coral reef materials, enabling seawater-resistant concrete that achieves high compressive strength and tensile strength. The reinforced concrete is prepared by directly mixing and curing seawater, eliminating the need for traditional concrete production processes. This approach enables the construction of durable concrete structures on remote islands and reefs, particularly in harsh marine environments where conventional materials are impractical due to high transportation costs.

12. Concrete Structure with Inorganic Mineral Coated Steel Bars and Alkaline Ionized Water-Based Mixture

CHIEN HSIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2018

Concrete structure that prevents corrosion of steel bars through an integrated approach. The structure comprises a steel bar coated with an anti-corrosion layer comprising an inorganic mineral material, specifically a Portland cement-based coating with an alkaline earth metal chelate compound content. The steel bar is then coated with the anti-corrosion layer and the concrete is poured to form the structure. The concrete mixture comprises Portland cement, fine aggregate, cement admixture, and alkaline ionized water. This integrated system provides comprehensive protection against steel corrosion while preventing the characteristic whitening of concrete structures.

13. Concrete Structural Member with Corrosion-Resistant Coating System for Steel Reinforcement

Qinghai Nationalities University, QINGHAI NATIONALITIES UNIVERSITY, 2018

Durable concrete structural member with enhanced corrosion protection for steel reinforcement. The member incorporates a corrosion-resistant coating system that prevents etching of steel bars while maintaining the structural integrity of the concrete. The coating system incorporates a combination of corrosion inhibitors and durable protective layers that prevent steel bar corrosion while ensuring the structural integrity of the concrete.

14. Reinforced Concrete Structure with Fiber-Reinforced Composite and Zinc-Coated Sealing System

张青鲁, QINGLU ZHANG, 2018

Reinforced concrete anti-corrosion reinforcement device that enhances durability and protection of reinforced concrete structures in corrosive environments. The device comprises a reinforced concrete structure with a reinforced steel column, a fiber-reinforced composite reinforcement system, and a sealing system. The reinforcing system features a fiber-reinforced composite plate at the bottom, a reinforced steel column, and a sealing plate with a zinc coating. The device incorporates a mounting system with anchor bolts, a fiber-reinforced composite base, and a tapered pin that securely connects to the reinforced steel column. The sealing plate and zinc coating provide comprehensive protection against corrosive environments.

15. Steel Bar with Optimized Chromium Alloy Composition for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance in Concrete Structures

SHOUGANG GROUP CO LTD, 2018

Corrosion-resistant steel bar for concrete structures that combines enhanced durability with improved corrosion performance. The steel contains a specific composition tailored to optimize Cr content and balance of elements like Mn, S, and N, while minimizing Ni, Mo, and Cu. This composition enables superior protection against chloride-induced corrosion in marine environments, particularly in reinforced concrete structures. The steel's unique composition and processing method result in enhanced resistance to pitting corrosion, while maintaining high strength and ductility.

CN107641757A-patent-drawing

16. Concrete with Electrostatic Spray-Coated Steel Reinforcement for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance in Marine Environments

INSTITUTE OF METAL RESEARCH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017

Seawater mixed concrete with enhanced corrosion protection for steel reinforcement in marine structures. The novel concrete combines a specially developed corrosion-resistant coating on the steel reinforcement, which is applied through a controlled process of electrostatic spraying and curing. The coating system provides superior protection against chloride-induced corrosion in the high-humidity marine environment, while maintaining the structural integrity of the reinforced concrete. The coating system's performance is demonstrated through accelerated testing in seawater mixed concrete solutions, with the coated concrete exhibiting significantly improved resistance to corrosion compared to conventional coatings.

17. Corrosion-Resistant Concrete Coating with Cross-Linking Agent for Steel Reinforcement Bars

INSTITUTE OF METAL RESEARCH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 中国科学院金属研究所, 2017

A corrosion-resistant reinforced concrete coating for steel reinforcement bars in marine environments. The coating is developed through a novel production process that addresses common limitations of traditional epoxy coatings, including cracking and delamination during bending. The coating formulation incorporates a specific cross-linking agent that enhances mechanical properties while maintaining the barrier function against corrosive media. This innovative coating system enables reliable protection of steel reinforcement in high-humidity, chloride-rich marine environments, particularly in the South China Sea where traditional coatings often fail.

18. Reinforced Concrete Slab with Combined Steel and Fiber Reinforcement Configuration

FOSHAN UNIVERSITY, 2017

Reinforced concrete slab for nuclear island plants that enhances durability and safety through advanced reinforcement design. The slab incorporates a novel reinforcement configuration that combines high-strength steel reinforcement with advanced fiber reinforcement systems, specifically designed to address the unique challenges of nuclear applications. This configuration provides superior corrosion resistance, impact resistance, and seismic performance, while maintaining the structural integrity and durability required for nuclear applications.

CN106760150A-patent-drawing

19. Steel Rust Inhibitor Composition with Sodium Monofluorophosphate and Gluconates for Reinforced Concrete

QINGJIAN GROUP CO LTD, 2017

A novel environmentally friendly high-performance steel rust inhibitor for reinforced concrete structures that provides effective corrosion protection without compromising concrete performance. The inhibitor, comprising sodium monofluorophosphate, gluconate, calcium gluconate, and zinc gluconate, forms a dense protective film on steel surfaces, preventing chloride ion penetration and maintaining the passivation film. This non-toxic, non-polluting solution can be used in reinforced concrete construction, particularly for water conservancy projects, while maintaining the structural integrity of the concrete.

CN106630722A-patent-drawing

20. Steel Rebar with Controlled Micro-Alloying for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance in Marine Environments

INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH OF IRON AND STEEL JIANGSU PROVINCE/SHA-STEEL CO LTD, 2017

Steel rebar with enhanced corrosion resistance for marine structures, achieved through controlled micro-alloying of a specific composition. The composition includes 0.005-0.030% carbon, 0.3-0.6% silicon, 1.7-2.5% manganese, 0.01% phosphorus, 0.01% sulfur, 8-10% chromium, 1.5-2.0% molybdenum, 0.2-0.4% tin, 0.01-0.05% rare earth elements, and 0.04-0.08% vanadium. The micro-alloying process involves precise control of these elements to balance mechanical properties while significantly improving corrosion resistance in marine environments. The resulting rebar exhibits enhanced durability compared to conventional steel rebar, particularly in chloride-rich marine environments.

US2017029919A1-patent-drawing

21. Reinforced Concrete Structure Utilizing Surface-Treated Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars and Corrosion-Resistant Steel Reinforcement

22. Pre-stressed Concrete Pipe with Zinc-Aluminum Coated Steel Rings and Epoxy Coal Tar Outer Layer

23. Composite Reinforcing Steel Bar with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Coated Steel Core

24. Reinforcing Steel Bar with Integrated Micro-Ribbed Structure for Corrosion Resistance and Thermal Management

25. Reinforced Concrete Structure with Integrated Dual-Layer Cathodic Protection System

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