Techniques to Reduce Efflorescence in Construction
Efflorescence—the crystalline salt deposits that form on masonry and concrete surfaces—affects up to 85% of exterior installations in humid climates. These deposits not only compromise aesthetic appearance but can indicate ongoing moisture migration that weakens structural integrity. Field measurements show that even moderate efflorescence can reduce surface hardness by 15-20% and increase moisture penetration rates by 30%.
The fundamental challenge lies in managing the complex interplay between material porosity, ion transport mechanisms, and environmental exposure conditions while maintaining structural performance.
This page brings together solutions from recent research—including hydrophobic styrene-acrylic emulsion coatings, controlled metal salt treatments, polymer-based surface barriers, and modified pore structure designs. These and other approaches focus on practical prevention and remediation strategies that can be implemented across different construction applications and environmental conditions.
1. Waterproof Coating Formulation with Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion and Silane-Based Additives for Efflorescence Resistance and Pore Blocking
ASIAN PAINTS LTD, 2024
A multi-functional water-based waterproofing coating formulation that addresses both waterproofing and efflorescence issues in damp surfaces. The formulation combines a hydrophobic styrene-acrylic emulsion with a hydrolysable silane-based water-absorbing material, along with specific additives for anti-efflorescence and pore blocking properties. The formulation achieves superior waterproofing performance, including excellent resistance to efflorescence, while enabling crack bridging through its unique blend of emulsion and additive components.
2. Concrete Surface Treatment with Metal Salt and Polymer Solution for Controlled Ion Concentration and Precipitation
GUANGDONG WENKE GREENTECH CO LTD, 2024
A treatment for preventing efflorescence in concrete surfaces, particularly in garden stones, by controlling the concentration of metal ions. The treatment involves a combination of a metal salt solution and a specific polymer solution, where the metal salt solution contains a controlled amount of metal ions and a polymer solution with a specific ratio of polymer to metal salt. The polymer solution forms a protective barrier on the stone surface, while the metal salt solution reacts with carbon dioxide to precipitate calcium carbonate, preventing efflorescence formation. The treatment maintains a stable pH range and ensures effective ion exchange between the metal ions and the polymer, thereby preventing efflorescence formation.
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