Modern paint systems suffer from mechanical damage and environmental degradation that compromise both protective and aesthetic functions. Laboratory testing shows that surface scratches as small as 100 microns can initiate coating failure, while UV exposure causes 15-20% reduction in coating thickness over a 5-year period. These deterioration mechanisms lead to premature coating replacement and reduced asset protection.

The fundamental challenge lies in developing paint systems that can autonomously detect and repair damage while maintaining their primary protective and decorative functions.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including microcapsule-triggered surface regeneration, dual-mechanism repair systems using silicate resins, and hybrid compositions with self-repairing polymer matrices and inorganic nanoparticles. These and other approaches focus on practical implementation in real-world coating applications while addressing both mechanical damage and environmental degradation.

1. Self-Healing Hydrophobic Paint with Microcapsule-Triggered Surface Regeneration

HEBEI JIANYAN ENERGY-SAVING EQUIPMENT CO LTD, 2023

Self-healing hydrophobic self-cleaning paint that combines biomimetic hydrophobic surface properties with self-repair functionality. The paint contains microcapsules that absorb water and undergo controlled degradation through a controlled release mechanism. When scratched, the microcapsules rupture, releasing the surface energy to reform the hydrophobic film. This self-repair mechanism enables the paint to maintain its hydrophobic properties even after physical damage or chemical exposure. The paint exhibits exceptional durability and chemical resistance, including salt spray and weathering resistance, and maintains its gloss level even after prolonged exposure.

2. Self-Healing Coating with Silicate Resin Matrix and Dual Repair Mechanisms for High-Energy Laser Applications

HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2023

A self-healing coating for high-energy laser applications that combines intrinsic and external repair mechanisms. The coating comprises a silicate resin matrix, organic resin, hydroxyl POSS, silane coupling agent, aluminum oxide nanofibers, boron oxide, and characteristic fillers. The coating can be prepared through a process that includes applying the silicate resin matrix, followed by curing and then incorporating the organic resin and hydroxyl POSS. The coating exhibits self-healing properties through intrinsic mechanisms, while the external application of the silane coupling agent enables repair through an external means. The coating's composition and preparation process enable both intrinsic and external repair mechanisms, making it suitable for applications requiring both self-repair and external reinforcement.

3. Method for Preparing Inorganic Coatings with Controlled Nano-Particle Dispersion and Activation

JOSME BUILDING MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2023

A method for preparing inorganic coatings that enhances their anti-oxidation and antibacterial properties through controlled nano-particle dispersion and activation. The method involves a novel approach to inorganic coating preparation that combines precise nano-particle dispersion with controlled activation processes. The dispersion of metal oxide nano-particles and rare earth superfine powders into the coating matrix is achieved through a combination of mechanical dispersion and chemical activation. This enables the creation of coatings with superior anti-oxidation and antibacterial properties, while maintaining their environmental performance.

4. Coating Comprising Encapsulated Anhydrous Sodium Metasilicate Particles in Alumina Shells Dispersed in Epoxy Matrix

TOYOTA MOTOR EUROPE, 2021

Self-healing coating for corrosion protection of metallic vehicle parts, particularly underbody components. The coating comprises anhydrous sodium metasilicate particles encapsulated in conformally coated alumina shells, dispersed in an epoxy matrix. This coating provides enhanced corrosion protection through a self-healing mechanism, where the encapsulated particles can repair defects through controlled particle migration, while the alumina shells maintain their protective properties.

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5. Nano-Ceramic Coating for Hardware with Eco-Friendly Water-Based Surface Treatment

FOSHAN DONGPENG SANITARYWARE CO LTD, Foshan Dongpeng Ceramics Co., Ltd., 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司, 2021

Environmental-friendly nano-ceramic coating for hardware products like faucets, featuring superior performance characteristics. The coating is formed through a novel surface treatment process that replaces traditional electroplating and baking varnish methods with an eco-friendly, water-based nano-ceramic coating. This process enables the production of corrosion-resistant, durable coatings with enhanced wear resistance and chemical stability, while minimizing environmental impact. The coating exhibits excellent anti-fouling properties, anti-aging characteristics, and resistance to water and acid exposure, making it suitable for high-performance hardware applications.

6. Coating Composition with Hydrogen Bonding Adhesive and Curable Functional Group for Enhanced Self-Healing and Mechanical Properties

LG Chem, Ltd., LG CHEM LTD, 2019

Coating composition and film that combines self-healing properties with improved mechanical and optical performance. The composition comprises a hydrogen bonding-based adhesive that forms multiple hydrogen bonds and a curable functional group in one molecule. The adhesive is combined with a thermally or photo-curable second adhesive, polymerization initiator, and organic solvent to create a cured resin. The cured resin exhibits enhanced self-repair capabilities, while maintaining superior mechanical and optical properties compared to conventional self-healing coatings.

CN107207909B-patent-drawing

7. Self-Healing Barrier System for Ceramic Matrix Composites with Silicon Particle-Infused Layer

SAFRAN, 2019

A method for protecting ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in gas turbine components through a self-healing barrier system. The barrier comprises a silicon-based bonding layer, an internal layer with dispersed silicon particles, and an external ceramic layer. The internal layer is formed through plasma spraying of silicon particles into a liquid medium. This layer is deposited between the bonding layer and the ceramic outer layer, where the silicon particles generate a healing phase in the ceramic matrix when exposed to oxygen. The barrier provides localized protection against corrosion by controlling the diffusion of water vapor and oxygen into the CMC substrate.

8. Epoxy-Perchlorovinyl Coating with Thermal-Activated Self-Healing Layer Formation

FEDERAL STATE BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION RUSSIAN CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER DI MENDELEEV, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, FEDERALNOE GOSUDARSTVENNOE BYUDZHETNOE OBRAZOVATELNOE UCHREZHDENIE VYSSHEGO OBRAZOVANIYA ROSSIJSKIJ KHIMIKO-TEKHNOLOGICHESKIJ UNIVERSITET IMENI DI MENDELEEVA, 2018

Self-healing coatings for metal products and structures that protect against atmospheric corrosion through controlled degradation. The coatings contain an epoxy-perchlorovinyl composition that undergoes controlled degradation when exposed to heat, leading to the formation of a self-healing layer. This degradation process can be triggered by thermal stress, allowing the coating to repair itself through the formation of a new layer. The self-healing mechanism enables continuous protection of metal surfaces without the need for periodic reapplication of paint.

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9. Nano-Titanium Dioxide Composite Microcapsules with Accelerated Repair Agent Diffusion and Material Reinforcement

HEBEI MILSON TITANIUM DIOXIDE CO LTD, 2018

Nano-titanium dioxide composite microcapsules for self-repairing coatings that enhance both surface repair and material reinforcement. These microcapsules incorporate a nano-titanium dioxide composite material that accelerates the diffusion of repair agents at damaged areas, strengthens the repair bond, and simultaneously reinforces the surrounding material. The composite microcapsules can be formulated with a self-repairing coating that can be released to repair damaged surfaces, thereby enabling self-healing properties without compromising material integrity.

10. Ceramic Coating Composition with Polysiloxane, Acrylic Resin, and Alumina-Silica Powder

LUOYANG MINGLI TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD, 2018

A ceramic coating with enhanced wear resistance that combines the benefits of a polysiloxane compound, acrylic resin, and ceramic powder. The coating comprises 10-12 parts of polysiloxane, 10-12 parts of acrylic resin, 20-24 parts of ceramic powder (alumina and silica in a 1:1.2-1.3 ratio), and a polyamine hardener. The ceramic powder is specifically designed to provide superior wear resistance in high-temperature environments. The composition provides comprehensive protection against mechanical stress and thermal degradation, making it suitable for demanding applications where traditional ceramic coatings fail.

CN108003787A-patent-drawing

11. Inorganic Coating Composition with Nanoceramic Particles and Dual-Resin System

CHOI MUGEUN, Choi Moo-geun, 2018

Room temperature curing inorganic coating composition with enhanced thermal resistance, chemical durability, and paintability. The composition comprises a base resin containing nanoceramic particles and a curing agent containing an organic compound, with a thermosetting resin as the main liquid and a thermoplastic resin as the curing agent. The composition achieves these properties through a specific combination of nanoceramic particles, a curing agent with an organic compound, and a thermosetting resin, all in a liquid formulation.

12. Self-Healing Surface Layer with Catalytically Triggered Sheathed Particles for Controlled Reactive Substance Release

SIEMENS AG, 2018

Self-healing surface layer or enamel with a catalytically triggered healing mechanism that protects against damage through controlled degradation of a protective sheath. The self-healing process involves a reactive substance encapsulated within sheathed particles, which spontaneously converts into the surface layer material when exposed to damage. The catalytically active shell material degrades upon exposure to atmospheric conditions, enabling the release of the reactive substance for healing. This approach enables rapid and localized repair of damage through a controlled degradation pathway, particularly beneficial for applications requiring rapid recovery from scratches or chemical exposure.

13. UV-Curable Paint Composition with Aerogel Silica and Silicon Carbide for Enhanced Thermal Stability

CHENGDU NASHUO TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2018

Light-cured durable paint with enhanced thermal stability. The paint combines aerogel silica, fine silica, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and surfactant in a specific ratio to create a material that not only cures through UV light but also exhibits superior thermal resistance.

14. Heat-Resistant Paint Composition with Silicone Resin and Polyester-Acrylic Blend for Container Coating

BYUCKSAN PAINT & COATINGS CO LTD, 2018

Natural-curing heat-resistant paint for containers that improves thermal resistance and environmental sustainability. The paint combines a silicone resin with a polyester-acrylic blend, titanium-based catalyst, and corrosion-resistant pigment to create a durable, non-toxic coating. The paint is applied to the container's surface and cured through natural chemical reactions, eliminating the need for solvents. The resulting coating provides excellent thermal protection against extreme temperatures, while its environmentally friendly composition makes it suitable for shipping containers.

KR20180012177A-patent-drawing

15. Coating Composition with Surface-Modified Diatomaceous Earth and Microcapsules for Self-Healing and Barrier Protection

CHEVRON USA INC, 2017

Coatings that combine barrier protection with self-healing capabilities. The coatings contain a liquid medium with surface-modified diatomaceous earth particles and microcapsules, which form a suspension when mixed. The diatomaceous earth particles enhance wettability, while the microcapsules provide cross-linking upon rupture, enabling self-healing of thermal and mechanical damage. The suspension can be applied in a liquid medium, and the diatomaceous earth particles can be applied in a separate layer.

US2017051157A1-patent-drawing

16. Inorganic Coating Composition with Hydrolysable Alkoxy-Silane Particles for Low-Temperature Curing

LIU XIAODONG, 2017

Inorganic coating composition for low-temperature curing, comprising hydrolysable alkoxy-silane particles dispersed in water, reacting with each other through hydrolysis followed by condensation polymerization. The composition is formulated with functional additives, inorganic pigment, and other performance-enhancing materials, which form a uniform dispersion. The hydrolysable alkoxy-silane particles undergo controlled hydrolysis and condensation reactions to form a strong bond with the substrate surface, enabling low-temperature curing.

17. Water-Based Coating with Microcapsules Containing In-Situ Polymerizing Fluorocarbon, Polyurea Formaldehyde, and Epoxy Resins

Beijing University of Technology, BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, 2016

A water-based self-healing coating for microcapsules that employs microcapsules filled with a polymer matrix. The coating consists of a fluorocarbon resin matrix, polyurea formaldehyde resin, and epoxy resin encapsulated in microcapsules, which polymerize in situ to form a self-healing matrix. The microcapsules are prepared by combining polyurea formaldehyde resin with epoxy resin and fluorocarbon resin. The coating is applied through a water-based process, with the microcapsules releasing fluorocarbon upon exposure to moisture. The self-healing mechanism involves the polymerization of the encapsulated resin, forming a durable matrix that repairs microcapsule damage without requiring external intervention.

18. Coatings with Polymer-Integrated Nanocontainers for Self-Healing Through Controlled Release of Corrosion Inhibitors

EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEV LLC, 2015

Coatings with self-healing properties that incorporate nanocontainers containing corrosion inhibitors. The coatings contain a polymer blend of at least a first polymer and a second polymer, and at least one nanocontainer configured to store at least one self-healing agent. The nanocontainers can be at least partially mixed with the polymer blend. This self-healing mechanism enables the coatings to recover from damage through controlled release of corrosion inhibitors, thereby preventing further corrosion.

19. Coating Composition with Silane Crosslinked Mixed Oxide Nanoparticles and Dispersing Agent

TATA CHEMICALS LTD, 2015

Modified coating composition exhibiting improved surface properties without embrittlement, haziness, and crater formation. The composition comprises a coating composition, a dispersing agent, a solvent, a binder, and a crosslinked modifier comprising mixed oxide particles bonded to a silane crosslinking agent. The crosslinked modifier is prepared through a milling process where the mixed oxide particles are ground to desired particle size, then crosslinked with a silane crosslinking agent to form a silane crosslinked polymer. The coating composition, dispersing agent, solvent, binder, and crosslinked modifier are collectively ground to obtain nanoparticles of the crosslinked modifier dispersed within the coating composition.

20. Composite Paint with Acetate Binder and Cellulose for Wear-Resistant Coatings

CHEN CUILIAN, 2015

A composite paint for wear-resistant surfaces that utilizes a specific dope formulation to provide enhanced static shielding against high-speed air and water flow abrasion. The paint composition comprises a core material with a weight percentage of 15-20%, mixed with a specific acetate-based binder and cellulose, and optionally additional additives. The acetate binder enhances the coating's mechanical properties while the cellulose provides dimensional stability. This composite coating formulation enables superior performance in demanding environments where traditional paints fail to maintain their integrity.

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