Low GWP Refrigerant Blends for HVAC Applications

Refrigerant systems for air conditioning and refrigeration that achieve both low global warming potential (GWP) and low ozone depletion (ODP) while maintaining high efficiency and capacity. The systems employ a low GWP refrigerant in the primary circuit and a secondary refrigerant in the secondary circuit, with the secondary refrigerant featuring a global warming potential of not greater than 150, evaporator glide of not greater than 5.6°C, non-flammability, and normal boiling point of not greater than 6.3°C. The system design enables reliable operation in both air conditioning and refrigeration applications while minimizing environmental impact.

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A refrigerant composition for air conditioning systems that combines a fluorinated hydrocarbon (FCH) with a fluorinated ethylene (F2E) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a ratio optimized for both performance and environmental impact. The composition achieves equivalent cooling capacity to R134a while significantly reducing global warming potential. The FCH component, with its low boiling point and high evaporation rate, is combined with F2E, which provides superior thermal conductivity compared to HFO-1132(E) or HFO-1132(E) itself. CO2 content is kept at 10% or less, with the remaining composition consisting of the FCH and F2E. This composition offers enhanced performance and environmental benefits compared to conventional FCH-based refrigerants, making it particularly suitable for electric vehicle air conditioning systems.

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Compositions comprising refrigerant mixtures consisting essentially of difluoromethane, tetrafluoropropene, and carbon dioxide. These compositions have refrigerant mixtures consisting essentially of from about 42 to about 59 weight percent difluoromethane, about 28 to about 53 weight percent 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and about 4 to about 17 weight percent carbon dioxide.

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Low-GWP refrigerants for air conditioning and heating systems that achieve environmentally friendly performance while maintaining operational efficiency. The refrigerants comprise a blend of R-32, R-1132(E), and R-1234yf, with specific weight percentages optimized for system performance and environmental impact. These low-GWP refrigerants meet the requirements for low global warming potential (GWP < 150), non-flammability classification of 1 or 2L, and non-toxicity. The refrigerants can be used in a variety of applications, including air conditioning systems, heat pumps, and air-to-water systems, and can be employed in both single-component and blended formulations.

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Low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant mixture for refrigeration applications that can replace high GWP refrigerants like R404A. The mixture contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a), and optionally difluoromethane (R32) in specific mass ratios to avoid disproportionation reactions. The ratios are 22.6-57% HFO-1132(E), 77.4-43% R152a, and 5% R32. The mixture has GWP of 300 or less, refrigeration capacity similar to R404A, and can be used in refrigeration systems.

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A refrigerant composition for air conditioning devices that achieves equivalent refrigeration capacity to R410A while achieving a significantly lower global warming potential (GWP) compared to R1234yf. The composition comprises a near-azeotropic mixture of 70% trifluoroethylene (TFE) and 30% trifluoroiodomethane (TFIM), which maintains environmental performance while reducing GWP. The composition meets the required safety standards of microflammability (A2L class) and maintains the same refrigeration capacity as R410A and R1234yf.

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Near-azeotropic refrigerant for refrigeration systems with improved performance and environmental benefits. The refrigerant is a ternary mixture of CO2, R41, and R170, with a specific composition of 10-64% CO2, 10-47% R41, and 26-52% R170. This composition enables the refrigerant to exhibit excellent heat transfer properties while maintaining a temperature glide of less than 0.2°C at the bubble point temperature. The refrigerant achieves this through its unique composition that balances the thermodynamic properties of CO2 and R41 with the properties of R170. The refrigerant can be used in refrigeration systems, including air conditioning, refrigerators, and cascade systems, and meets the requirements for low global warming potential (GWP) while maintaining high performance.

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A refrigerant mixture comprising HFO-1132(E), HFC-152a, and HFO-1132a, with a water content of 0.1% or less, provides a low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant solution for refrigeration applications. The refrigerant composition combines the non-toxic and environmentally friendly HFO-1132(E) with the non-toxic and environmentally friendly HFC-152a, while incorporating the non-toxic and environmentally friendly HFO-1132a. The refrigerant composition achieves superior performance and environmental benefits compared to conventional refrigerants while maintaining low GWP.

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Low-GWP refrigerants for heat pumps, replacing R404A, R507, and R410A in existing systems. The compositions achieve similar cooling capacities to these conventional refrigerants while reducing global warming impact. The formulations are designed for direct application in heat pumps, with safety features like non-flammability and AI classification. They can be used in both conventional and modified systems, with lower operating pressures compared to conventional refrigerants.

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A refrigerant composition comprising HFO-1132(E), R1234ze, and R1234yf, which exhibits superior performance characteristics compared to traditional R410A. The composition combines these HFCs in a single working fluid, offering enhanced refrigerating capacity, improved boiling point, and reduced environmental impact. The composition's unique molecular structure enables efficient phase transition and phase change, while maintaining low environmental impact.

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A refrigerant composition for refrigeration systems, air conditioning systems, and heat pump systems that provides improved performance and environmental sustainability. The composition comprises a refrigerant mixture comprising about 42-59 weight percent HFC-32, about 35-51 weight percent 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and about 2-9 weight percent CO2. The composition is formulated to achieve a balance of cooling capacity, temperature gradient, and global warming potential (GWP) that meets the requirements of refrigeration systems.

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Mixed refrigerant for air conditioning systems that has lower global warming potential (GWP) than current refrigerants like R290 while still providing good thermal performance. The mixed refrigerant contains 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (TFP) as the main component, along with smaller amounts of difluoromethane (R32) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf). The mixture has GWP below 150, flammability level of 2L, and normal boiling point below -40°C. It aims to provide an environmentally friendly, safe, and efficient refrigerant for air conditioning applications that addresses issues like high GWP and flammability of single refrigerants.

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Refrigerant blends with reduced environmental impact and improved safety compared to existing refrigerants. The blends comprise HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, propylene, and optionally propane, HFC-125, and CO2. The blends have lower global warming potential than common refrigerants like R134a while also having lower flammability and toxicity. The HFC-32 reduces flammability compared to pure HFO-1234yf, and the CO2 helps further reduce flammability. The blends can be used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

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A refrigerant composition containing a refrigerant, its application, a refrigerator containing the composition, and a method of operating the refrigerator. The composition contains a refrigerant that exhibits superior performance characteristics compared to conventional refrigerants, including enhanced cooling capacity and lower global warming potential. The refrigerant composition contains a combination of HFC-1132a, R32, and R1234ze, which provides a balance of performance and environmental benefits. The refrigerant composition can be used in refrigeration systems, including household refrigerators, commercial refrigeration systems, and industrial refrigeration systems. The refrigerant composition can be used in refrigeration systems, including household refrigerators, commercial refrigeration systems, and industrial refrigeration systems.

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A refrigerant composition comprising a refrigerant, a refrigeration oil, and a stabilizer, for use as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine. The composition contains a refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and carbon dioxide (CO2), and a stabilizer. The refrigerant composition, when used as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine, provides improved refrigerating capacity compared to R410A, while maintaining a GWP of 250 or less and a COP of 250 or less. The composition can be formulated with a refrigeration oil, which is typically a 10-50% mixture of refrigeration oil.

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A refrigerant composition comprising a refrigerant, a refrigerant composition, a refrigerating machine having the composition, and a method for operating the refrigerating machine. The composition comprises a refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and difluoromethane (R32), and a refrigeration oil. The refrigerant composition provides improved refrigerating capacity and COP compared to conventional refrigerants like R410A, while maintaining lower flammability and environmental impact.

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A refrigerant composition comprising HFO-1132, R32, and R1234ze, with enhanced refrigerating capacity and lower global warming potential compared to R404A. The composition is designed for use in refrigeration systems where both high performance and environmental sustainability are critical. The refrigerant composition achieves 70% or higher refrigerating capacity relative to R404A while maintaining a GWP of 150 or less. It can be formulated with a refrigeration oil to achieve a working fluid for refrigeration machines.

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A refrigerant composition comprising 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a) and difluoromethane (R32) with HFO-1132a present in 26-40% and R32 in 60-74% of the total composition. The composition achieves COP ratio and refrigerating capacity ratio of 90% or more relative to R410A while maintaining a GWP of 500 or less. The composition can be used as a working fluid in refrigeration machines, particularly in applications requiring high efficiency and low environmental impact.

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A refrigerant composition for low-GWP refrigeration systems, particularly in automotive applications. The composition comprises a refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)) and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), in a specific ratio. This composition offers a refrigerant with improved performance characteristics compared to traditional R404A, including enhanced refrigerating capacity and lower global warming potential. The composition is used as a working fluid in refrigeration systems, particularly in vehicles, where engine exhaust heat is not utilized.

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A refrigerant composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), for use in refrigeration systems. The composition has a burning velocity of 3 cm/s or less, a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to R404A, and a discharge pressure of 2.15 MPa or less. The composition can be used as a refrigerant for commercial refrigeration applications, particularly in applications requiring lower global warming potential (GWP) compared to R404A.

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A low-GWP refrigerant for household air conditioning systems that achieves superior performance characteristics compared to existing R410A-based mixtures. The invention comprises a refrigerant composition containing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1132a, and R1234yf in a specific ratio, which provides a refrigeration capacity ratio of 85% or more and a temperature glide of 5°C or less. The composition is suitable for use in household air conditioning systems, particularly for refrigerants designed to operate with existing refrigerant systems.

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A refrigerant composition and method for refrigeration systems that achieves low global warming potential (GWP) while maintaining high efficiency and performance. The composition contains a novel refrigerant that combines the properties of hydrofluoroalkanes (HFCs) with those of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), achieving COP and refrigeration capacity ratios of 100% or more while maintaining GWP below 500. The composition is specifically designed to maintain the refrigeration cycle's performance while reducing the environmental impact of traditional refrigerants.

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A mixed refrigerant and air conditioning system using an environmentally friendly ternary refrigerant blend to replace traditional high GWP refrigerants like R134a. The mixed refrigerant is composed of propane, isobutane, and trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene in specific mass ratios. This blend has lower GWP than R134a, better thermal performance, and reduced temperature slip compared to single-component refrigerants. It can be used in step cooling and dehumidification systems to provide improved environmental benefits while maintaining or exceeding performance compared to R134a systems.

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A refrigerant mixture, a mixed working fluid, and a compressor that combines the performance of propane and butane to achieve a lower global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant. The mixture, comprising propane (P2) and butane (C4) with varying proportions, exhibits superior performance characteristics compared to conventional R134a. The mixture's physical properties enable a synergistic enhancement of the refrigerant's thermodynamic properties, while its lower GWP mitigates the environmental impact of traditional HFCs. The resulting refrigerant mixture can be used in refrigeration systems, with the mixture being optimized for specific applications.

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A refrigerant containing 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze) that exhibits superior performance characteristics compared to conventional HFCs. The refrigerant combines with other refrigerants like HFO-1132 (E) and R32 to form a low-GWP mixed refrigerant. The refrigerant's unique composition enables efficient cooling while minimizing environmental impact. The refrigerant is used in refrigeration systems, particularly in household appliances and commercial refrigeration applications.

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A refrigerant composition that can replace R404A, R507, and R410A refrigerants in existing refrigeration systems, particularly in low-temperature applications like supermarkets. The composition has GWP values between 0.5 and 1050, with A1 safety classifications, and achieves comparable cooling performance. It can be used in both existing and modified systems, with minimal modifications required for existing equipment. The composition maintains zero ozone depletion potential, ensuring environmental compliance.

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Reversible refrigerant compositions for low-temperature applications that can replace R404A, R507, and R410A refrigerants in existing systems. The compositions have zero ozone depletion potential and are designed to operate at lower pressures than R404A, R507, and R410A. They achieve similar cooling capacities while maintaining comparable performance characteristics, including isentropic efficiency, electric motor efficiency, and volumetric efficiency. The compositions have a wide pressure range, allowing them to be used in both existing and modified systems, and can be used as a direct replacement for R404A, R507, and R410A in applications requiring lower refrigerant pressures.

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Refrigerant compositions comprising a mixture of difluoromethane, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and carbon dioxide achieve high cooling performance and low global warming potential (GWP) without ozone depletion. The compositions, comprising from 25-38 weight percent of each component, provide excellent subcooling capabilities and temperature glide while maintaining efficient COP performance. These compositions offer a sustainable alternative to traditional HFC refrigerants like R-410A, meeting the regulatory requirements for low GWP and environmental sustainability.

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Refrigeration cycle apparatus like air conditioners using a mixed refrigerant with improved performance and reduced environmental impact compared to common refrigerants like R407C. The mixed refrigerant contains R32, R125, and another component (like R322) in specific weight ratios. It has a lower global warming potential (GWP) than R407C, but higher latent heat and volume capacity than R32. The mixed refrigerant allows using a thinner heat exchanger wall and smaller compressor exclusion volume compared to R407C. It also enables higher refrigerant densities for better heat transfer. The mixed refrigerant has flammability lower than R32 and can replace R407C in existing air conditioners.

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A composition comprising HFC-245cb, HFC-245fa, HFO-1234yf, HFO-1234ze, HCFO-1233zd and HCFO-1233xf that is useful as a substance in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. The composition contains less than about 1 weight percent of at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFC-227ca, HFC-227cb, HFC-227ca, HFC-227cb, HCFC-244bb, HCFC-244db, HFC-245fa, HFC-245cb, HCFC-133a, HCFC-133b, HFC-133c, HCFC-133d, HCO-1130, HCO-1131, HCO-1132, HCO-1133, HCO-1134, HCO-1141, HCO-1142, HCO-1143, HCO-1144, HCO-1145, HCO-1146, HCO-1147, HCO-1148, HCO-1149, HCO-114a, HCO-114b, HCO-114c

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A mixed refrigerant that achieves both high charge capacity and low greenhouse gas (GWP) emissions in refrigeration systems. The invention combines R134a with R22 and R170 to create a mixed refrigerant with a lower combustion limit and lower GWP compared to traditional R134a. This composition enables higher charge levels in refrigeration systems while maintaining the environmental benefits of low-GWP refrigerants. The mixed refrigerant composition achieves this through the complementary combustion properties of the two components, allowing for higher charge capacities while maintaining the required combustion limit for safety and environmental compliance.

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A refrigerant for low-temperature applications that achieves extremely low discharge temperatures through a novel refrigerant composition. The refrigerant comprises R32, R125, and R1234yf in a specific ratio that enables the refrigerant to achieve a dew point of -52 °C, a boiling point of -48 °C, and a dew point difference of 0 °C. This composition provides superior heat resistance and low-temperature performance compared to conventional R404A refrigerants. The refrigerant circuit can be integrated into existing refrigeration systems, offering a reliable and efficient solution for low-temperature applications.

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Refrigerant composition for refrigeration systems with improved environmental performance compared to existing R404A and R507 alternatives. The composition comprises blends of non-flammable HFC125 and HFC227ea with flammable HFC32 and HF0-1234ze(E) in proportions optimized for non-flammability during fractionation while maintaining superior refrigerating performance. The composition achieves GWP values between 1100 and 1400, meeting the requirement of replacing R404A and R507 in refrigeration systems while maintaining low discharge temperatures and non-flammability.

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A refrigerant for air conditioning systems that achieves comparable performance to R410A while reducing global warming potential (GWP) and combustion risk. The refrigerant composition comprises 50-70% R32, 20-30% R1234ze, and 10-20% R125, maintaining a GWP of approximately half that of R410A. The R1234ze component enhances the refrigerant's low GWP, while the R125 component ensures sufficient performance characteristics. This composition maintains the R32 component's high latent heat capacity, while the R1234ze component's lower GWP and improved safety properties. The R125 component is optimized to maintain the R32 component's boiling point and latent heat characteristics.

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