Evaporator coil fouling in HVAC systems leads to significant performance degradation, with studies showing up to 30% reduction in heat transfer efficiency and 25% increase in energy consumption within the first year of operation. Traditional manual cleaning methods are labor-intensive, often requiring system shutdown and chemical treatments that can impact coil longevity.

The engineering challenge centers on developing cleaning mechanisms that can effectively remove contaminants while maintaining system operation, without compromising the delicate fin structures or introducing additional energy penalties.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including ultrasonic cleaning systems combined with surface treatments, automated frost-defrost cycles with temperature-based controls, and rotating nozzle mechanisms integrated into fin designs. These and other approaches focus on maintaining heat transfer efficiency while minimizing maintenance downtime and extending equipment life.

1. Ultrasonic and Surface Treatment-Based Self-Cleaning Method for Air Conditioning Heat Exchangers

QINGDAO AUCMA ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2024

A novel air conditioning self-cleaning method for maintaining heat exchanger cleanliness in air conditioning systems. The method employs a combination of ultrasonic cleaning and advanced surface treatment technologies to effectively remove stubborn oil stains from heat exchanger surfaces. The cleaning process involves a series of ultrasonic cleaning cycles followed by a specialized surface treatment that enhances the cleaning effectiveness of the ultrasonic cleaning process. This integrated approach ensures comprehensive removal of oil stains while maintaining the system's performance and energy efficiency.

2. Air Conditioning System with Integrated Real-Time Monitoring and Self-Cleaning Mechanism

HANGZHOU ROBAM ELECTRIC APPLIANCE CO LTD, 2024

Air conditioning system with self-cleaning capability that optimizes performance through real-time monitoring of operating conditions. The system integrates a self-cleaning mechanism with a control system that continuously monitors the air conditioning system's operation time and evaporation rate. When the system reaches predetermined thresholds, it initiates cleaning cycles to maintain optimal performance and prevent premature degradation. This approach enables the air conditioning system to maintain its operational state while minimizing maintenance downtime.

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3. Heat Pump Air Conditioner with Automated Evaporator Cleaning Cycle and Manual Spray Valve Control

ZHEJIANG ZHONGGUANG ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE GROUP CO LTD, 2024

Automatically cleaning an evaporator in a heat pump air conditioner through a comprehensive maintenance cycle. The system enters automatic cleaning mode, with the indoor unit's evaporator fan turning off, compressor shutting down, and spray valve activating to clean the evaporator surface. The system then transitions to cooling mode, with the evaporator fan operating at its lowest setting and outdoor fan operating at its highest setting. In this cooling mode, the system combines condensed water, cleaning agent, and dust to form frost, which is then removed through the water tray. The system maintains continuous cleaning through a spray valve that can be manually controlled during the cleaning cycle.

4. Air Conditioner Self-Cleaning Control Method with Dynamic Compressor Parameter Adjustment Based on Coil Temperature

QINGDAO HAIER AIR-CONDITION ELECTRIC CO LTD, 2024

Air conditioner self-cleaning control method that dynamically adjusts compressor parameters based on coil temperature to improve cleaning efficiency and prevent issues like ice blockage or overheating. The method involves controlling the compressor frequency and output during cleaning stages based on the current coil temperature range. This targeted cleaning strategy more effectively removes dirt and dust.

5. Control Method for Air Conditioners with Mode Switching Based on Indoor Temperature and Run Time Constraints

HISENSE GUANGDONG AIR CONDITIONING CO LTD, 2024

A self-cleaning control method for air conditioners that improves efficiency by optimizing when to switch between self-cleaning mode and cooling/heating modes based on indoor temperature. The method involves initially entering self-cleaning mode to frost the coil, but then switching back to cooling/heating mode if running time exceeds a threshold and temperature hasn't dropped enough. This prevents overcooling from fan off and speeds up cleaning. It also limits temperature ranges for self-cleaning vs normal operation to avoid excessive heating/cooling.

6. Heat Pump Evaporator Fin with Integrated Rotating Nozzle Cleaning System and Module-Controlled Electronic Expansion Valve

GUANGDONG SUNRISE EAST AIR ENERGY CO LTD, 广东日出东方空气能有限公司, SOLAREAST HOLDINGS CO LTD, 2024

A self-cleaning heat pump evaporator fin and its module control system that eliminates the need for separate water tanks and cleaning systems. The system incorporates an automatic cleaning device integrated into the heat exchanger, which employs a rotating nozzle to clean the fin surfaces. The device is mounted on a frame outside the heat exchanger and controlled by the module's electronic expansion valve. The system also features a four-way valve with integrated dry filters to prevent system contamination. The air-cooled heat exchanger includes multiple liquid dispensing heads, a dry filter, and a second dry filter to maintain system integrity.

7. Method for Self-Cleaning Control in Heat Exchanger Tubes Using Throttling Device and Compressor

Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Co., Ltd., 海尔智家股份有限公司, QINGDAO HAIER AIR-CONDITIONER CO LTD, 2023

A method for controlling self-cleaning in indoor heat exchanger tubes through a controlled throttling device and compressor. The method achieves efficient cleaning of the tube interior by controlling the opening degree of the throttling device to a minimum, while maintaining a maximum opening. The compressor is specifically designed to operate at a predetermined cleaning frequency. This controlled approach ensures the tube remains clean while maintaining optimal heat transfer efficiency, eliminating the need for manual cleaning operations.

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8. Air Conditioning System with Heat Exchanger and Dynamic Mode Switching for Electric Vehicles

CHERY AUTOMOBILE CO LTD, 2022

A self-cleaning air conditioning system for electric vehicles that utilizes battery waste heat recovery. The system employs a refrigerant circuit and a cooling liquid circuit to achieve self-cleaning through energy exchange through a heat exchanger. The system's control logic dynamically switches between heating modes based on battery charge level, with heating modes transitioning from defrost to frost operation. This approach enables efficient use of battery waste heat while maintaining system cleanliness during charging and parking cycles.

9. HVAC System with Continuous Water Droplet Generation Mechanism for Cleaning Cycles

DAIKIN IND LTD, 2022

A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system that enables continuous water droplet generation during cleaning cycles, even in low-humidity environments. The system employs a novel approach to maintain water droplet production during cleaning operations, ensuring consistent cleaning performance even when humidity levels are low. This enables the system to maintain effective cleaning capabilities throughout the winter season.

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10. Air Conditioner with Dual-Cycle Evaporator Cleaning Mechanism Incorporating Rapid Freezing, Thawing, and Drying

CLK CORP, 2022

An air conditioner with an evaporator cleaning function that automatically performs rapid freezing, thawing, and drying of contaminants on the evaporator coil during cooling operation. The system employs a unique dual-cycle approach: during cooling, the evaporator coil freezes due to rapid cooling, followed by a controlled thawing and drying process that removes contaminants. This approach eliminates the need for reverse cycle operation, making it suitable for air conditioners that cannot perform the reverse cycle or do not have a condenser unit. The system also enables high-temperature sterilization of the evaporator coil after cleaning.

11. Cooling System with Integrated Automatic Cleaning Device and Performance Monitoring for Evaporator Heat Transfer Maintenance

MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP, 2021

A cooling system with enhanced cleaning performance that addresses the conventional limitations of conventional defrosting operations. The system integrates a cleaning device with a control system that monitors the evaporator's performance and automatically activates cleaning when the evaporator's heat transfer capacity falls below a predetermined threshold. This optimized cleaning strategy ensures efficient dust removal while maintaining the evaporator's performance, unlike conventional defrosting methods that only remove frost. The system continuously monitors the evaporator's parameters to determine when cleaning is required, eliminating the need for manual intervention and preventing overheating.

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12. HVAC System Cleaning Method with Pressurized Foam Penetration Through Coil Structures

BLUE BOX AIR LLC, 2021

A method and system for cleaning and sanitizing heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, including heat transfer coils, that achieves deep coil cleaning without shutting down the system. The method employs a specialized cleaning foam that penetrates the tightly packed coil structure through the air handler's multiple spaces, allowing the foam to flow through the coil's internal passages. The foam is generated through a pressurized air system that injects cleaning solution into the air handler's spaces, creating a continuous flow of cleaning medium through the coil. This approach enables thorough coil cleaning without the need for high-pressure water jets, caustic cleaners, or steam, while maintaining system operation and minimizing environmental impact.

13. Air Conditioner with Controlled Fan Configuration for Directing Airflow Away from Indoor Heat Exchanger During Cleaning Cycles

DAIKIN IND LTD, 2021

Air conditioner with enhanced condensation prevention during cleaning cycles. The system employs a controlled fan configuration to direct airflow away from the indoor heat exchanger during cleaning operations. This prevents the formation of condensation on the housing by redirecting air flow away from the evaporator surface. The fan's vertical movement is precisely controlled to ensure that the evaporator operates at temperatures above freezing point while maintaining sufficient refrigerant flow. This approach enables the system to maintain proper indoor air quality during cleaning cycles without compromising the housing's thermal integrity.

14. Heat Exchanger Self-Cleaning System with FPGA-Controlled Sensor-Activated Cleaning Mechanisms

Zhuhai Gree Electric Appliances Co., Ltd., GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCES INC OF ZHUHAI, 2021

A self-cleaning system for air conditioning heat exchangers that enables continuous maintenance through advanced cleaning mechanisms. The system comprises a programmable gate array (FPGA), sensors, and control electronics that monitor the heat exchanger's performance and temperature. When the system detects excessive clogging, it initiates a targeted cleaning process using advanced cleaning mechanisms, such as ultrasonic cleaning, electrostatic charging, or mechanical scrubbing, to restore optimal heat transfer efficiency. The system integrates with the air conditioner's control system to automate the cleaning process, ensuring continuous operation while minimizing maintenance downtime.

CN110906502B-patent-drawing

15. Air Conditioning Heat Exchanger Cleaning System with Delayed Automatic Filter Cleaning Mechanism

Hitachi Johnson Controls Air Conditioning, Inc., HITACHI-JOHNSON CONTROLS AIR CONDITIONING INC, 2021

A cleaning system for air conditioning indoor heat exchangers that prevents dust accumulation by automatically cleaning the filter during the heating cycle. The system comprises a cleaning component that performs dust removal during the heating operation, followed by a predetermined delay period before performing the cleaning. This approach ensures that dust particles that have fallen on the heat exchanger are immediately cleaned during the heating cycle, preventing their adhesion to the heat exchanger surface. The cleaning component is controlled by a control system that monitors the heating operation and initiates the cleaning process after a specified delay period from when the heating cycle ends.

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16. Control Method for Self-Cleaning Air Conditioner Indoor Units Using Heat Exchanger Frosting

HISENSE SHANDONG AIRCO CO LTD, 2021

A self-cleaning control method for air conditioner indoor units that enables continuous cleaning of the heat exchanger without additional components. The method employs a proprietary process that utilizes the natural temperature of the indoor unit's heat exchanger during the frosting process to achieve effective sterilization. This approach eliminates the need for separate cleaning units, maintaining system reliability during the self-cleaning process.

17. Heat Exchanger Cleaning System with Real-Time Monitoring and Automated Cycle Activation

NINGBO AUX INTELLIGENT COMMERCIAL AIR CONDITIONER MFG CO LTD, 2020

Dynamic cleaning of air conditioning heat exchangers through real-time monitoring of return air parameters and temperature differences. The system automatically determines optimal cleaning conditions based on operating mode and environmental conditions, enabling continuous cleaning cycles even when the system is not operating. This approach eliminates the need for manual cleaning schedules and ensures consistent cleaning performance across different operating conditions.

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18. Air Conditioning System with Dual-Mode Heating for Self-Cleaning Indoor Heat Exchangers

Zhuhai Gree Electric Appliances Co., Ltd., GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCES INC OF ZHUHAI, 2020

Air conditioning system with self-cleaning functionality that enables effective cleaning of indoor heat exchangers through controlled water flow. The system comprises an indoor unit with integrated water storage and heating mechanisms, where the heating mechanism operates in two distinct modes: continuous heating of the water storage mechanism and a controlled shutdown mode. This dual-mode approach enables the system to maintain optimal operating conditions while preventing overheating and system damage during cleaning cycles.

19. Air Conditioner Indoor Unit with Integrated Self-Contained Cleaning Mechanism and Condensation-Based Spray System

QINGDAO HAIER AIR CONDITIONER GENERAL CORP LTD, 2020

Air conditioner indoor unit with enhanced self-cleaning capability through a novel approach to maintaining its own cleaning system. The unit features a self-contained cleaning mechanism within the housing, where water is collected from the indoor unit's condensation system and then sprayed onto the heat exchanger for thorough cleaning. This eliminates the need for external steam generators and conventional cleaning methods, while maintaining optimal indoor air quality. The cleaning mechanism is integrated with the air duct system, allowing the unit to maintain a closed cleaning space while still providing airflow.

20. Air Conditioning System with Integrated Evaporator Cleaning Module and Control Interface

Tianjin Iconiq New Energy Vehicle Co., Ltd., TIANJIN ICONIQ NEW ENERGY MOTORS CO LTD, 2020

Air conditioning system and vehicle that utilize a novel evaporator cleaning mechanism to maintain system performance and passenger comfort. The system integrates a built-in cleaning module that monitors and controls the evaporator's cleaning needs through an integrated input unit. The cleaning module sends signals to both the temperature damper and evaporator control units, enabling the system to automatically activate cleaning cycles when necessary. This integrated approach eliminates the need for separate cleaning systems while maintaining optimal system performance.

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21. Self-Cleaning Control Method for Indoor Heat Exchanger with Alternating Evaporation and Condensation Modes

22. Control Method for Air Conditioner Self-Cleaning Using Coordinated Electronic Expansion Valve, Compressor Frequency, and Fan Speed Adjustments

23. Air Conditioning System with Integrated Self-Cleaning Mechanism Utilizing Dual-Temperature Liquid and Water Storage

24. Vehicle Air Conditioning System with Integrated UV Disinfection and Cleaning Agent Delivery for Evaporator Maintenance

25. Device and Method for Self-Cleaning Evaporator Surfaces Using Controlled Indoor Fan Operation in Air Conditioners

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