Emergency Drone Landing Systems

In recent years, drones have emerged as critical tools in disaster response due to their rapid deployment, real-time data acquisition capabilities, and ability access hazardous or inaccessible areas. This paper examines the evolution deployment of drone technology scenarios, highlighting role collecting analyzing assess structural damage, locate victims, support rescue operations. Various types drones, including quadcopters ground-based systems, are examined for efficiency different contexts. The integration technologies such thermal imaging, 3D mapping, automated victim detection significantly enhances situational awareness speed. Case studies from past disasters, earthquakes hurricanes, demonstrate practical applications outcomes. Challenges processing bottlenecks, logistic limitations, regulatory gaps, ethical concerns, privacy sensitivity, critically analyzed. study also outlines emerging trends, autonomous decision-making, hydrogen-powered enhanced collaborative mapping systems. research contributes discourse on how can be optimized resilience while maintaining integrity. Keywor... Read More

Source

This paper introduces an aircraft contingency landing planner that assures safe road-based emergency landings by coordinating air and ground traffic with a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) datalink. Suitable roads within the reachable footprint are extracted from geographical database evaluated initially based on road width, live weather, flow. Then, trajectory is planned for highest total utility, ensuring requesting allocate space V2V link. Initial site utilities augmented metrics, including integrated population density under path, minimum path length constraint derived assured landing, gliding angle. altitude speed impacts potential sites investigated. A use case in Long Island, New York, presented simulation connected Cessna 182 has experienced loss of thrust. Results confirm analytically obtained safety constraints illustrate sequence dense moving at normal speeds. We provide computational cost analysis this case, 71 processed 300 ms laptop computer.

Source

Ensuring safe avoidance of collisions with moving obstacles during flight requires carrying out several-stage activities. Their scope includes detecting obstacles, identifying the possibilities potential collisions, calculating a trajectory, which is aimed at avoiding obstacles. It important to perform an analysis calculated trajectory in terms its implementation. The paper presents method performing safety using indicator. formulating this indicator and use stage preparing implementing discussed. calculations were carried by solving problem particle swarm optimization (PSO). example maneuvers obtained way was described courses risk level

Source

System for recovering aerial targets like drones without needing the recovery device to bear the full weight of the target. The system has a hanging rack, a catcher that hangs from the rack, a guide arm to move the catcher, a sensor to monitor the target, and a controller to coordinate the catcher's movement based on the target's position. This allows the catcher to intercept the target without needing to support its weight.

Source

A flight termination system for unmanned aerial vehicles that allows controlled descent and recovery in case of emergencies. The system uses a latching mechanism with two latches connected by a string. Burn wires can melt the string when activated, separating the latches and releasing a parachute to gently lower the UAV. This provides redundant failsafe parachute deployment capability that can be manually initiated or automatically triggered. The burn wires can be powered by a backup battery to ensure parachute deployment even if main power is lost.

Source

Protecting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from crashing when their positioning systems fail. The method involves determining the UAV's flight state based on its speed before positioning loss, and then adjusting flight protection strategies accordingly. If the UAV was flying slowly before, it enters a low-speed protection mode. If flying fast, it enters a high-speed protection mode. This reduces explosion probability and improves safety after positioning loss compared to the UAV's default flight mode.

Source

Method to determine the suitability of landing places for drones by considering the effect of ground features on wind during landing. The method involves detecting nearby features in the landing area, estimating the influence of downwash wind hitting and bouncing off those features, and determining if the landing spot is suitable based on the estimated influence. This allows selecting landing spots less likely to have erratic wind patterns due to features in the vicinity.

Source

A flying vehicle that uses an auxiliary thruster to protect passengers during emergency landings. The thruster burns fuel from the vehicle's fuel cell to generate thrust. During an emergency, the vehicle calculates required thrust to reduce impact forces. It then commands the thruster to burn fuel and eject combustion gases in a perpendicular direction. This auxiliary thrust helps lower impact loads on landing.

Source

UAV safety system to mitigate damage to people and other UAVs when a UAV experiences a critical failure mid-flight. The system uses onboard sensors to detect flight anomalies indicating failure. If a critical failure is detected, the UAV initiates a controlled descent using a parachute and deactivates the lift generators. This prevents collisions with people and other UAVs. The UAV also transmits its location and alerts nearby UAVs and ground stations to avoid the falling UAV. The system is designed to deploy the parachute rapidly, like in 0.3 seconds, to mitigate damage at low altitudes.

Source

An electromagnetic landing system for vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft at urban vertiports that uses magnetic force to guide and cushion landings. The vertiport has an elevating platform with coils below that interact with magnets on the aircraft. By applying current to the coils, forces can be generated to align the aircraft, absorb impacts, and lower it. This prevents hard landings and provides controlled descents. The coils also allow charging the aircraft during fastening. The magnetic landing system enables precise, gentle landings at compact vertiports.

Source

Flight device with redundant propulsion systems to enable safe landing if one system fails. The device has separate primary and backup propulsion systems. In normal flight, both systems operate. If one stops, the other takes over and lands the device. This prevents crashing if a drive source fails mid-flight. The backup system can also generate power from an engine to rotate the primary propellers if they fail. This allows landing with the backup system. The backup control system can also land the device using the backup rotors if the primary control fails.

Source

Parachute landing system for UAVs that enables controlled deployment of the parachute while maintaining precise control over the landing process. The system integrates with the UAV's flight control system to determine landing conditions and execute the parachute deployment sequence, including stopping the motor, deploying the parachute, and stabilizing it for a predetermined period. This controlled deployment enables precise landing parameters while maintaining flight control authority.

Source

This paper presents a strategy for collision detection and recovery control of drones using an onboard Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). The algorithm compares the expected response drone with measurements from IMU to identify characterize collisions. controller implements gain scheduling approach, adjusting its parameters based on characteristics drones attitude. Simulations were conducted compare proposed popular method fixed thresholds, simulation results showed that approach outperformed existing in terms accuracy. Furthermore, approaches tested physical experiments custom-built drone. experimental confirmed was able distinguish between actual collisions aggressive flight maneuvers, can recover within 0.8 s.

Source

Method for safely terminating navigation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that ensures safe landing even when the UAV deviates from its planned route. The method generates a precise navigation plan for the UAV, which includes a start point, end point, and a virtual tunnel connecting these two points. The UAV executes the navigation plan by following the planned route, and when it reaches the end point, it terminates its flight path by disconnecting power to the propulsion system and deploying a failsafe, such as parachutes or airbags. This approach ensures safe landing even when the UAV deviates from its planned route, providing a failsafe for civilian drone operations.

Source

Autonomous landing of drones in complex environments using adaptive path planning and deep reinforcement learning. The method selects between local and global path optimization based on perception range. For local optimization, drones plan paths around nearby obstacles. For global optimization, they use perceived frontiers. This improves efficiency by avoiding redundant planning. For landing, a neural network learns to control the drone using reward functions. This increases neural network update efficiency compared to traditional methods.

Source

Safe landing point search method for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) on unfamiliar terrain using terrain maps and contour lines. The method involves generating contour lines based on a minimum height and interval from a terrain map. Then, it searches for largest empty circles (LECs) with a minimum radius in the contour map. The UAV is provided the LEC with the largest radius as a safe landing spot. This leverages contour lines to find flattest areas without obstructions for UAV landing.

Source

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, have become increasingly important in various fields, including aerial photography, delivery services, and surveillance. However, as drone usage has expanded, so the risks related to system failures accidents. Such can result expensive damages even threaten public safety. A promising way address these is by implementing a recovery that uses parachute mechanism. This paper discusses design, development, implementation of parachute-based for drones. It looks into essential components system, such selection, deployment methods, material choices, performance testing. The goal improve safety operations ensuring controlled descents during emergencies, thus minimizing risk crash-related damage.

Source

Intercepting and controlling drones without damaging them by redirecting them to land using spoofing signals. The method involves detecting unauthorized drones near restricted areas, deploying police drones to intercept them, and transmitting signals to program new flight paths to land. The redirecting signals include spoofing GPS signals to simulate satellite constellations and jamming signals to disable the target drone's controls. The police drones position themselves close to the targets and then transmit the redirect signals to safely guide the intruders to designated landing areas.

Source

Landing facility for drones that enables safe landings even in strong winds. The facility has a designated landing area with a windbreak part surrounding it. The windbreak part is tall enough to shield the landing area from winds but not so tall that it generates vortexes behind it. This prevents instability during takeoff and landing. A second area beyond the windbreak is where the drone descends to a certain altitude before landing. This allows the drone to transition from windy conditions to calm air near the landing zone.

Source

Safe landing assistance system for aerial vehicles like drones that provides intuitive displays and alerts to help pilots land accurately in constrained urban environments. The system shows the vehicle's proximity to the landing zone center and time/altitude to touchdown. If the vehicle deviates or runs out of time, it alerts to abort. This allows pilots to adjust orientation and descend until an abort point. After that, it's too late to land safely, so the system computes flight controls to modify the landing.

Source