Light Extraction Enhancement in LED Systems

Light-emitting device with improved light extraction efficiency by using a structured light extraction layer. The device has a light-emitting structure with a light-emitting functional layer, and a first light extraction layer on the light-emitting side. The first layer has an irregular brush-like micro-nano structure on its extraction surface. This structure changes the reflection and refraction conditions to extract more light. Optionally, a second layer with different refractive index is added. The device can also have a light extraction mesh film with sponge holes. The structured light extraction layers increase light extraction efficiency compared to flat layers.

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Micro LED display technology with improved light extraction for higher brightness and efficiency. The micro LEDs have non-vertical sidewalls, angled to direct light out of the device instead of internal reflection. They also use features like mirrors, low refractive index layers, and optical isolation to enhance extraction. This involves modeling light interactions using wave optics and ray tracing to optimize designs.

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Preparing an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel with improved light extraction efficiency. The panel includes a glass substrate with a buffering layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles between the substrate and the anode. This prevents water vapor penetration that can cause display issues. The OLED structure has a first light extraction layer formed by selectively depositing SiO2 nanoparticles on the substrate protrusions. This rough interface improves light scattering. The OLED also has a second light extraction layer containing silver (Ag) nanoparticles to further enhance light extraction.

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LED lighting device design that improves light output and color consistency over different angles. The design uses a lens assembly mounted over the LED, with a gap between the lens and elastomer encapsulant. This allows light to reflect off the lens surfaces instead of being absorbed by the elastomer. A reflector in the gap can further control light direction. The lens can also have features like a recess or scattering element to mix light. This reduces color variations and improves uniformity compared to traditional LED encapsulation.

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Lighting apparatus with improved luminance using LEDs and reflectors, without increasing thickness or light sources. A reflective unit with a spaced area under each LED increases reflectivity and luminance. The spaced area can be defined by an optical pattern layer to replace a light guide plate.

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A hybrid LED with improved light extraction efficiency by combining OLED, lateral light source, and refractive index matching. The LED has an OLED, a first refractive index matching layer, a light guide plate, a second refractive index matching layer, and a side light source. The refractive indices of the matching layers are arranged to match and refract light at large angles. This increases overall light extraction compared to conventional LEDs. The OLED-based hybrid LED can also be used as a white light source without color mixing.

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A light extraction substrate for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) that dramatically improves light extraction efficiency compared to conventional OLED substrates. The light extraction substrate has a base substrate with a light scattering layer containing pores. A thin flattening layer with a lower refractive index than the scattering layer is formed on top. The pore diameter is 350-450 nm, the pore area is at least 40% of the base substrate area, and the flattening layer thickness is 200 nm or less. This design optimizes light scattering and refractive index matching to extract more light from the OLED device.

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Method for improving light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by using conductive polymer-based structures to extract light from the active OLED area. The method involves depositing a conductive polymer layer with a refractive index matched to the OLED material on the OLED substrate. This layer acts as a transparent electrode and also helps extract light by reducing internal reflection. The matched refractive index prevents total internal reflection at the interface between the OLED and electrode layers. This allows more light to escape the OLED and be emitted into the surroundings.

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A light extraction member for improving light output efficiency in lighting devices and displays. The member has a light guide part with a specific patterned emission control layer on one surface. The control layer has a lower refractive index than the guide part. The layer contains microporous particles bonded together in a porous structure. The porous structure allows light extraction through the control layer while preventing light reflection back into the guide. The layer's lower refractive index compared to the guide reduces total internal reflection.

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A white LED structure with improved light extraction efficiency and color conversion efficiency. The structure involves a white LED with a wavelength conversion layer and a specific contact layer design. The white LED emits light of a first wavelength. The wavelength conversion layer converts some of the emitted light into light of a second wavelength. The LED contact layer has higher reflectance for the converted light wavelengths compared to the emitted wavelength. This increases the reflected light back into the LED, improving overall light extraction efficiency.

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Light extraction layer for improving light output efficiency of LEDs and OLEDs. The light extraction layer contains a scattering layer made of a base material and scattering particles with a refractive index different from the base material. The scattering layer has scatterance of 0.30 to 2.85 and yellow index of 1.40 to 16.00. This range of scattering and yellow index values in the scattering layer improves light extraction efficiency from the LED/OLED device.

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Light extraction layer design for improving light efficiency in light-emitting devices like OLED displays and LEDs. The light extraction layer contains a scattering layer made of a base material with scattering particles having a different refractive index. The thickness A and particle volume concentration B of the scattering layer satisfy a specific relationship along with the yellow index C. This configuration optimizes light extraction efficiency from the light-emitting layer.

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Electroluminescent display device with improved light extraction efficiency and viewing angle. The device has a reflective electrode with protrusions underneath a light-emitting region. The protrusions have openings exposing their tops. This creates a structured reflective layer that enhances light extrusion compared to a flat reflective layer. The protrusions also scatter light internally for better viewing angles. The structured reflective layer is formed by spaced metal patterns beneath it. The protrusions' openings expose the metal patterns' tops. The metal patterns' shape with inclined surfaces helps light extraction.

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Micro LED with improved efficiency and beam profile by using a mesa-shaped semiconductor layer, antireflection film, refractive index matching material, and reflector layer. The mesa shape concentrates light emission. The antireflection film reduces reflection. The matching material matches the refractive index of the surrounding environment. The reflector layer redirects light back into the LED. This setup extracts more light and collimates the beam compared to a planar LED.

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Integrated periodic micro-concave mirror composite light extraction structure for improving the light extraction efficiency of optoelectronic devices like OLED displays. The structure involves arranging micro-concave mirrors on the device surface, with nano-rings on the concave walls, nano-columns at the center, and a reflective layer on the device substrate. This reduces total internal reflection and allows more light to escape. The micro-concave mirrors, nano-rings, and reflective layer enable multiple light extraction mechanisms like direct emission, curved surface exit, sidewall exit, back reflection reuse, and pillar emission.

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Grating organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with enhanced light extraction efficiency. The grating structure is formed between the substrate and the first electrode to extract light from the substrate mode and waveguided mode in the OLED. A low-refractive-index layer is inserted between the substrate and the first electrode to increase the refractive index contrast and improve extraction of the waveguided mode. This provides higher overall light extraction efficiency compared to OLEDs without the grating and low-index layer.

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Both-side light-emitting lighting device with high extraction efficiency and improved power efficiency. The device has a light-emitting device between two surfaces, one emitting light in one direction and the other in the opposite direction. A scattering light extraction film is on one surface. The film has a base material with pores and surfaces that scatter light differently. By optimizing the pore scattering vs surface scattering balance, it extracts more light from the emitting device while maintaining power efficiency.

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Light extraction module for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to improve light extraction efficiency from OLEDs with top emission, such as display panels. The module comprises two refractive layers with different refractive indices. One layer is close to the OLED cathode and the other is farther away. The higher refractive index layer near the cathode extracts light from the OLED surface. The lower refractive index layer further away transmits the extracted light out of the device.

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A light-emitting device with improved color uniformity for displays. The device has a light extraction layer surrounding the light-emitting layer to enhance light extraction efficiency. The layers are stacked and bonded together to prevent air gaps between them. This prevents contaminants like dust and moisture from entering the light-emitting layer and affecting its performance.

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Light-emitting diode (LED) design to enhance light extraction efficiency for applications like projectors. The LED structure has a reflective polarizing layer on the light-emitting side. The polarizing layer emits light in a single vertical direction while reflecting other directions. The reflected light is scattered and decomposed into vertical directions by a diffuse reflection part. This repeated use of light and scattering reduces loss compared to direct emission. The design also involves a bracket with a reflective layer and packaging material around the LED chip.

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LED with a nanostructured reflector to improve efficiency and brightness by extracting more light from the LED without internal reflections and losses. The LED has a transparent substrate and a nanostructured reflective layer on the bottom or sides. The nanostructure reflects light emitted by the LED at near-normal incidence toward and through the substrate instead of bouncing around inside the LED. This extracts more light without multiple reflections or absorption in the LED die or reflector. The nanostructure cells are smaller than the emitted wavelength, like metamaterials, for controlled reflection.

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Organic light-emitting display with improved light extraction efficiency. The display has an organic light-emitting device with a light-emitting structure and a light extraction layer on top. The light extraction layer has a refraction layer with multiple first light refraction bodies arranged on the same layer. Each first body has an entrance surface facing the light-emitting structure. Second light refraction bodies are located inside the first bodies. A polymer layer covers all the first bodies. The refractive index of the polymer is lower than the first bodies, which have a lower index than the second bodies. This layered structure reduces total internal reflection and waveguide effects to extract more light from the OLED.

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Organic light-emitting device with internal light extraction structure to improve light extraction efficiency. The device has an internal light extraction structure with scattering layers containing particles of decreasing size towards the electrode, and a planarization layer with high refractive index nanoparticles. This internal structure is sandwiched between the electrodes and organic layers. The scattering layers extract light from the waveguide mode, and the planarization layer smooths the surface for better extraction of the base mode.

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Internal light extraction structure for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to improve light extraction efficiency. The structure has a scattering layer with scattering particles internally scattered light, followed by a flattening layer with high refractive index nanoparticles to flatten the surface. This reduces optical waveguide modes and improves light extraction compared to traditional OLED structures. The internal scattering and flattening layers are formed using a precursor derivatization method.

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A light extraction structure for organic light-emitting devices that improves light extraction efficiency by reducing internal reflection. The structure involves roughening one surface of the substrate and coating it with a planarization layer made of cured perhydropolysilazane with dispersed high-refractive-index nanoparticles. This creates a gradual interface between the substrate and the rest of the device layers, preventing total internal reflection. The coating is applied once to form a single-layer light extraction layer. The device structure includes the coated substrate, electrodes, and organic emitting layers.

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Light-emitting device with improved efficiency and uniformity for solid-state lighting applications like LEDs. The device uses an asymmetric scattered light valve (ASLV) configuration that balances extraction efficiency with size and cost. The ASLV has a scattering element and an extractor element arranged with asymmetric interfaces. The scattering element scatters light forward into the extractor instead of backscattering. This avoids total internal reflection and improves extraction efficiency. The extractor has a shape optimized for the scattered light angle. It can have a spherical or conical shape to match the scattering element. This reduces reflection losses. The extractor size can be smaller than the scattering element to balance efficiency and size.

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Light emitting device with controlled sideward light distribution. It has a light emitting element, a first light diffusing layer on its side, and a second light diffusing layer forming the device's side surface. In between is a light control unit that reflects some light from the emitting element. This configuration allows directing a portion of the light emitted by the element towards the side surface of the device using the control unit.

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Mini LED device with improved light extraction efficiency without using lenses. The device has a Mini LED chip with a light extraction layer on its surface, followed by a reflective layer on the extraction layer. The contact between the two layers is arc-shaped. This shape reduces light reflection losses compared to a flat contact. The reflective layer has low transmittance (5-20%) to prevent excessive light escape. This design allows dense Mini LED arrays in applications like backlights without needing microlens arrays.

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A light extraction structure for organic electroluminescent diodes (OELDs) that significantly improves the efficiency of light extraction from the active region of the OELD. The structure involves using a nanostructured substrate with nanowells below the transparent electrode to form a photonic crystal. This helps confine and guide light in the OELD active area, preventing internal reflection and absorption. The transparent electrode made of conductive polymer also aids in light extraction. The nanostructured substrate and electrode materials are optimized to have different refractive indices for light confinement.

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Light emitting diode (LED) design with improved side heat dissipation and light extraction. The LED has an organic transparent heat dissipation layer on the side surface with high reflectivity nanospheres embedded in it. This layer reflects light back into the LED when it exits through the side, preventing side surface loss and improving overall efficiency. It also provides additional heat dissipation on the side.

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A light-emitting device that provides a large circular light-emitting region with increased brightness in the center by using a central LED unit surrounded by smaller peripheral LED units. The central unit has a larger light-emitting region area compared to the periphery units. This configuration increases the overall light-emitting region size while concentrating more light at the center. It avoids yield issues of making a single large LED and prevents overheating a large substrate.

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Light emitting diode (LED) device with improved light extraction efficiency by using a wavelength conversion layer, a light emitting diode layer, a light transmitting layer, and a covering layer. The covering layer has a lower refractive index than the light transmitting layer. This reduces light reflection at the interface between the two layers and improves extraction of light from the device. The lower index covering layer surrounds the sidewall of the LED layer and covers the light transmitting layer.

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A highly efficient, low-cost LED-based illumination apparatus in which an array of optical elements is aligned with an array of tiny light emitting diodes (LEDs) to improve the directionality and light extraction of the LED emission. The optical elements can be catadioptric, reflective or refractive elements arranged in an array. The LEDs are formed on a separate substrate. When assembled, the optical elements focus and direct the LED light. The optical element array includes electrodes to connect to the LED array for powering the LEDs. The LED and optical element arrays can be manufactured separately and then aligned and combined. This allows optimizing the LED and optical element designs independently.

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Light extraction device for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) that improves light extraction efficiency and reduces color shift. The device has a substrate connected to one side of the OLED, with a light extraction layer on top containing irregular microstructures with feature sizes between 5-30 microns. These microstructures have varying diffusion angles as their size decreases, increasing light extraction as well as reducing color shift compared to conventional microlens arrays.

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A lighting device using surface mount LEDs with improved light extraction efficiency and reduced manufacturing cost. The device has a structure with a concave Fresnel lens inner surface and a high refractive index layer close to it. The LEDs are mounted on this structure with the high refractive index layer in between. The refractive indices of the layer and LED region are 0.1 or more apart from the structure, allowing internal reflection and extraction of more light. The layer fills the concave Fresnel shape to reduce amount needed while still providing a Fresnel surface. This improves extraction without using expensive high index materials extensively.

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A light-emitting diode (LED) design with improved light extraction efficiency by using a thick low-refractive-index layer between the LED semiconductor and the total reflection mirror. This reduces metal mirror absorption and increases reflectivity for escaping light. The thick layer allows total internal reflection instead of metal reflection for large-angle light. But it also excites surface plasmons in the metal, so the layer thickness must attenuate the evanescent field enough by the time it reaches the metal.

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A hybrid LED-OLED lighting device with improved light extraction efficiency. The device has a LED and an OLED on the same substrate. Between the LED and OLED, there are layers with controlled refractive indices to prevent light reflection. The layer closest to the LED has a refractive index similar to the LED. Farther away, the refractive index decreases gradually. This prevents total internal reflection. A scattering layer with lower refractive index is also added to further scatter light. The gradual refractive index change and scattering layer improve light extraction from both the LED and OLED.

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A light extraction assembly for organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) that significantly improves light extraction efficiency compared to conventional OLEDs. The assembly consists of a compact light extraction layer sandwiched between the OLED's anode and cathode electrodes. The extraction layer is made of planar organic molecules that reduce total internal reflection and increase light extraction compared to planar molecules alone. The dense film of planar molecules improves light extraction efficiency without forming spherical molecule accumulations that can degrade device life. The compact assembly allows for higher packing density and better light extraction compared to prior methods like microcavities or microlenses.

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Low profile LED lighting module with reduced cross-section and improved light uniformity. The module uses primary optics to customize light output from multiple LEDs and a reflective back surface to redirect and blend the light. A secondary diffuser scatters the light for uniform emission. The module has a minimized height-to-width ratio and reduced LED density to balance efficiency and uniformity.

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Light-emitting diode (LED) with improved light extraction efficiency through a total reflection mirror (TRM) structure that reduces metal mirror absorption. The TRM is inserted between the Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) and the semiconductor in the LED. This allows large-angle incident light to pass through total internal reflection instead of metal reflection. The TRM is made of a thick low-refractive-index material that attenuates the evanescent field enough when it reaches the metal surface. This reduces metal absorption and increases the reflectivity, improving LED light extraction. The TRM is used in LEDs with scattering structures to further scatter the internal reflected light and escape the LED.

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Enhancing the light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by forming a light extraction layer with scattering structures. The layer is formed on one substrate, grooves are created, scattering material containing metal oxide microparticles is filled into the grooves, and the barrier layer is removed to leave the scattering structures. This layer is bonded to the OLED substrate to scatter light internally and improve extraction. The scattering structures are made of transparent organic material mixed with metal oxide microparticles.

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LED light emitting device that combines multiple LED sources into a compact high quality light source. The device uses a single light guide element adjacent to the LED output surfaces to efficiently collect the emitted light and guide it to an output surface. A transparent collimating element captures the guided light and reflects any escaping light back into the guide.

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LED luminaire design that maximizes light extraction from phosphor conversion materials in LED lighting. The luminaire uses a remote phosphor element that scatters light from the LED and a total internal reflection (TIR) extractor element to capture and extract the scattered light. The extractor has a TIR surface that receives scattered light directly from the phosphor and guides it to the exit surface for extraction. The TIR surface reflects light at angles greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection. This allows efficient extraction of converted light that otherwise scatters in random directions from the phosphor.

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A high efficiency light emitting device with improved light extraction and a method to manufacture it. The device has a light emitting element, a larger transmissive member over it, and a reflecting layer between them. This configuration captures and redirects light internally reflected off the element surface back towards extraction. The larger transmissive member allows this internal reflection. The method involves bonding the element to the transmissive member, then singulating to isolate the device with the larger transmissive member.

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A light extraction substrate for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) that improves light extraction efficiency and device stability. The substrate has a porous scattering layer with TiO2 nanocrystals forming a dendritic or rod shape. The scattering layer also has a planarization layer with some material seeping into the pores. This structure scatters light internally to extract more of the guided light that would otherwise escape. It also helps prevent total internal reflection at interfaces with lower refractive index materials. The porous scattering layer can have an area ratio of 1.6-13.2% and a first light scatterer ratio of 6-20% in the lower layer vs upper layer. The scattering layer can have a lower layer with higher scatterer density. The second layer can have particles.

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A directional light extraction film for organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays to improve efficiency by extracting more light from the OLED. The film has an array of 3D microprisms on the OLED substrate. The prisms have larger surfaces facing away from the substrate and smaller surfaces facing the substrate. This asymmetric shape helps extract light that would otherwise be trapped by internal reflection. A thin glass layer over the prisms completes the film.

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Organic light-emitting display with improved light extraction for higher display brightness. The display structure has multiple light extraction layers sandwiched between the base substrate and the display components. This allows light generated in the OLED layer to be extracted from both sides of the substrate. The inner layer closest to the substrate reflects light back into the OLED layer. The outer layer closest to the air transmits light out of the display. This zigzag shaped extraction configuration increases light extraction efficiency by capturing and redirecting internally generated light.

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Modular LED light fixture system with arc-shaped array to achieve high intensity illumination and full spectrum for horticulture and other applications. The system uses LED modules arranged along a curved housing that focuses their light output into a concentrated illuminated area. The modules can be adjusted to converge their light patterns. The fixture allows customization of LED colors and lenses.

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Flexible organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display and lighting devices with high efficiency and flexibility. The OLED structure has a transparent base material with a low bending rigidity of 0.02 N·m^2. It uses a light extraction lens, barrier layer, and optical path changing layer. The lens is formed on one base surface using an inorganic filler mixed resin. The base has an anode, organic emissive layer, and cathode. The lens, barrier, and path changing layers improve light extraction efficiency. This allows high brightness flexible OLEDs for displays and lighting with good light extraction and low power consumption.

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A light extraction structure for organic light-emitting devices that improves device efficiency by extracting more light from the device. The structure has an inner layer facing the device and an outer layer. The inner layer extracts waveguide mode light and the outer layer extracts substrate mode light. This maximizes extraction of both internal light propagation modes to improve overall device luminous efficiency.

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