Probiotic Treatment in Cancer Therapy

Combination therapy for cancer that combines dendritic cell vaccination with fecal microbial transplant (FMT) from pathologic complete response (pCR) donors. This approach uses dendritic cells pulsed with oncodrivers to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. It enhances the therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell vaccination by also modifying the tumor microenvironment through FMT. The FMT is from pCR donors who had a robust anti-tumor immune response. Additionally, inhibiting immunoregulatory molecules like SEMA4D can further enhance the immune response. The combination therapy aims to improve cancer treatment by activating anti-tumor immunity and modifying the tumor microenvironment.

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Combining an immune checkpoint inhibitor with a pharmaceutical composition containing bacterial cells, culture supernatant, metabolites, and/or extracts from Ruminococcaceae enterobacterium to enhance immune response against tumors/cancers. The composition is isolated from subjects who have responded well to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

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Using the bacterium Alistipes finegoldii and its components as synergists with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.

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Anticancer composition containing Weissella cibaria strain, isolated from kimchi, for prevention and treatment of cancer. The composition can be used in pharmaceuticals, food products, and animal feed.

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Bacteria from the Christensenellaceae family, Parasutterella genus, Negativibacillus genus and Massiliomicrobiota genus are used to prevent and treat diseases characterized by excess 2-hydroxyglutarate in humans or animals, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Administering these bacteria reduces 2-hydroxyglutarate levels. They are used in compositions to provide effective amounts of the bacteria.

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A Lactobacillus plantarum LMT17-31 strain that has been found to have anti-tumor activity. The strain can be used as an ingredient in pharmaceutical or food compositions for preventing or treating cancer.

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Pharmaceutical compositions comprising Fournierella massiliensis bacteria or its extracellular vesicles (EVs) for treating diseases like cancer, autoimmunity, inflammation, dysbiosis, and metabolic disorders. The compositions can contain live/killed/attenuated bacteria or secreted/processed EVs from the bacteria.

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A method to prevent and treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma using probiotics. The method involves administering Lactobacillus paracasei or heat-killed whole-bacterial extracts to inhibit nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through pyroptosis or cell cycle arrest. The heat-killed extracts contain bioactive molecules like peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid that can reduce nasopharyngeal carcinoma development.

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A probiotic system that can treat malignant tumors. It uses an inorganic material like clay mixed with probiotics to form a stable, long-term composite. The inorganic material provides a growth environment for the probiotics. The system can inhibit tumor growth and has potential as a cancer treatment. The inorganic material must have a positive charge to selectively support probiotic biofilm formation.

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Using gut bacteria lysates to boost immune response to cancer therapy. The lysates are from specific species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that have similar DNA features to gut bacteria. The lysates are combined with a carrier and administered as a pharmaceutical composition. The lysates can be used alone or in combination with other cancer treatments to improve efficacy of immunotherapy and radiation therapy. The lysates may contain bacterial components like CpG DNA and Lipid A that stimulate the immune system when injected into patients.

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Using a lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharide to enhance immune checkpoint blockade therapy in cancer treatment. The exopolysaccharide is from a lactic acid bacterium like Lactobacillus and can be derived from yogurt. Administering the exopolysaccharide orally increases the ratio of CCR6-positive CD8+ T cells, which are able to recognize and kill cancer cells. This helps immune checkpoint inhibitors like CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors work better to suppress tumor growth.

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Compositions of bacterial strains that induce and/or proliferate CD8+ T-cells when administered together. The bacterial mixture can be used to treat diseases that can be treated by boosting CD8+ T-cells, such as infectious diseases and cancers. The compositions can also be used to improve cancer immunotherapy and vaccine efficacy by enhancing CD8+ T-cell responses.

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Administering probiotics, prebiotics or anti-bacterial compounds to modulate the pancreatic and gastrointestinal microbiota to prevent and treat pancreatic cancer.

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A combined therapy of an Akkermansia muciniphila strain and an immune checkpoint inhibitor like PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to improve effectiveness of immunotherapy in treating tumors like colon, lung, breast, melanoma, kidney, urothelial cancers. Administering the Akkermansia muciniphila strain before or simultaneously with the immune checkpoint inhibitor enhances tumor suppression compared to the inhibitor alone. The Akkermansia muciniphila appears to activate the immune system to better respond to the checkpoint inhibitor.

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Using Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-346 to prepare a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating oral cancer. The composition contains live or heat-killed GMNL-346 bacteria or a low molecular weight fraction of the heat-killed bacteria supernatant.

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Using Harryflintia acetispora bacteria and its microbial extracellular vesicles (mEVs) such as secreted (smEVs) or processed (pmEVs) mEVs in the treatment and/or prevention of diseases. The diseases include cancer, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, dysbiosis, and metabolic diseases.

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A Lactobacillus plantarum strain from kimchi that stimulates immune system and inhibits tumor growth. It can be used for immune modulation, tumor inhibition, and treatment of infectious diseases. The strain activates immune cells, improves intratumoral infiltration of immune cells, and inhibits regulatory T cell activity. It can be administered via compositions, food, or cell therapies. The strain produces a capsular polysaccharide that can also be used for immune modulation.

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Using the gut microbiome as a way to predict and improve the effectiveness of anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in cancer patients. The method includes analyzing the composition of the patient's gut bacteria to identify specific microbial profiles associated with good or poor response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy. Patients with a good responder profile can be given the therapy, while those with a poor responder profile can receive fecal microbial transplants or probiotics to improve their response. This allows personalized treatment selection based on the gut microbiome.

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Use of β-galactosidase-secreting bacteria, especially Streptococcus thermophilus, and their secreted β-galactosidase enzyme to prevent and treat colorectal cancer. The β-galactosidase inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer cells when contacted with them in vitro and in vivo. Oral administration of live S. thermophilus culture or its extract containing β-galactosidase protects against colon cancer development.

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A composition for preventing and treating radiation-induced oral mucositis using Lactobacillus reuteri and a thermogel. The composition also contains a copolymer, a mucoadhesive polymer, and sugar to form a gel.

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