Improve Gut Health with Probiotics

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition, which may occur at any age and affects countless people. The search for new treatments for constipation is ongoing as current drug treatments fail to provide fully satisfactory results. In recent years, probiotics have attracted much attention because of their demonstrated therapeutic efficacy and fewer side effects than pharmaceutical products. Many studies attempted to answer the question of how probiotics can alleviate constipation. It has been shown that different probiotic strains can alleviate constipation by different mechanisms. The mechanisms on probiotics in relieving constipation were associated with various aspects, including regulation of the gut microbiota composition, the level of short-chain fatty acids, aquaporin expression levels, neurotransmitters and hormone levels, inflammation, the intestinal environmental metabolic status, neurotrophic factor levels and the body's antioxidant levels. This paper summarizes the perception of the mechanisms on probiotics in relieving constipation and provides some suggestions on... Read More

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Probiotics therapy has garnered significant attention in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, a large number of oral administrated probiotics are inactivated after passing through the gastric acid environment, and their ability to colonize in the intestine is also weak. Herein, this study develops a novel probiotics formulation (GM-EcN) by incorporating

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The gut microbiota can play an important role in enhancing the host's complex immune system. In this regard, many studies indicate that probiotics consumption has a beneficial impact on alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota. Our previous study demonstrated that the oral administration of

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Probiotics play diverse roles in promoting health and well-being, encompassing gut microbiota balance, digestive health, immune function, gut barrier integrity, metabolic health, and mental well-being. With the beneficial effects of probiotics, individuals may improve their gastrointestinal health, boost immune function, and reduce the risk of various diseases. These probiotics compete with pathogens and support gut and immune homeostasis to help in the prevention and cure of gastrointestinal disease, immune disorders, diabetes, obesity, cancer and allergic disorders, etc. Probiotic-rich foods and supplements into the diet offer a proactive approach to maintaining overall health and optimizing the functioning of the gut. Probiotics help to maintain immune homeostasis and decrease the risk of inflammatory disorders and allergic conditions. Several probiotic strains are available on the market and are being consumed in the form of foods, supplements, or drugs for health benefits. Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Bacillus species are common probiotic strains.

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Gut health is widely seen as a critical component of general well-being, affected in large part by the gut microbiome, a complex collection of bacteria that live in the gastrointestinal system. Probiotics, which are live bacteria that provide health benefits when taken in suitable doses, are essential for maintaining and improving gut health. This review looks at how probiotics work, including how they modulate gut microbiota, improve intestinal barrier function, and reduce inflammation. The evidence for the advantages of probiotics in various gastrointestinal conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, is discussed. The paper also discusses problems in probiotic therapy, such as strain-specific effects and optimal dose. Overall, probiotics show great potential in both preventing and treating gastrointestinal illnesses, but more study is needed to enhance treatment methods and better understand individual responses.

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The gastrointestinal tracts are hosts to a wide variety of microorganisms known as intestinal microbiota. This gut microbiome may get disrupted that will influence the human health. Probiotics can restore the balance of gut microbiota by changing its composition and promoting its stability. Objective: This review aims to compile the role of probiotics in maintaining gastrointestinal health based on evidence-based through the modulation of the human gut microbiome. Method: This article is structured based on a literature review method by collecting and reviewing papers published in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Google Scholar. Results: The administration of probiotics have successfully shown evidenced beneficial health effects to prevent or treat for several main these several diseases including diarrhea, lactose intolerance and intestinal bowel diseases. Conclusion: Probiotics have been demonstrated to play key functions in the digestive system and to considerably reduce the symptoms of a variety of illnesses.

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The gut microbiota is the central regulator of human metabolism, it is considered a superorganism, it fulfills functions related to homeostasis and the maintenance of systemic health, contributing to immunity and epithelial integrity, any alteration is related to non-compliance or interruption of some of its functions, for this reason in search of balance, prevention and treatment measures have been implemented, one of them is the use of probiotics, which has been proven to bring beneficial actions towards the health of the host. , such as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria, here we will review the association between gut microbiota, probiotics and the use of probiotics like a treatment of prevention for pathologies of gut microbiota.

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Probiotics play a key role in restoring the normal gut microbiota and improves the gastrointestinal function. Generally, probiotics are pondered to be dietary factors which have an impact on the gut microbiota and to have a monitoring effect on the intestinal flora. The gut-liver axis has a pivotal role in the liver disease pathophysiology. Immunonutrition uses nutritional interventions to produce health-related effects beyond the primary nutrient value and regulate the neuroendocrine immunoinflammatory responses. Few studies are favouring the use of probiotics and immunonutrition in gastrointestinal disease. Still not much evidence-based guidelines pertaining to the uses of immunonutrition and probiotics are available. This article will provide an overview of the current practices and guidelines in the use of probiotics and immunonutrients in gastrointestinal diseases. Keywords Probiotics, Immunonutrition, Gutliver axis, Gut microbiota, Sarcopenia

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The role of probiotics in regulating intestinal flora to enhance host immunity has recently received widespread attention. Altering the human gut microbiota may increase the predisposition to several disease phenotypes such as gut inflammation and metabolic disorders. The intestinal microbiota converts dietary nutrients into metabolites that serve as biologically active molecules in modulating regulatory functions in the host. Probiotics, which are active microorganisms, play a versatile role in restoring the composition of the gut microbiota, helping to improve host immunity and prevent intestinal disease phenotypes. This comprehensive review provides firsthand information on the gut microbiota and their influence on human health, the dietary effects of diet on the gut microbiota, and how probiotics alter the composition and function of the human gut microbiota, along with their corresponding effects on host immunity in building a healthy intestine. We also discuss the implications of probiotics in some of the most important human diseases. In summary, probiotics play a significant ... Read More

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Probiotics possess health benefits to the host when consumed in suitable amounts. This chapter focuses on history and concepts of probiotics, and therapeutic values of probiotics. There are different mechanisms by which probiotics positively benefit the health of the host by adhesion to the intestinal mucosa, enchaining epithelial barriers, modeling immunity, competitive exclusion of pathogens and producing antimicrobials like bacteriocin, organic acids, etc. The beneficial effects of probiotics include treatment of intestinal disorders, infectious diarrhea and Helicobacter pylori infection, prevention of osteoporosis, hypercholesteremia, hepatic encephalopathy, IBD, IBS, UTI, managing lactose intolerance and anticarcinogenic activity. There are no side effects noted by the use of probiotics in vivo study, thus it may be used as an alternative to antibiotics to enhance gut microflora.

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Antibiotics have updated modern medicinal practices by improving outcomes in infectious diseases. The broad-spectrum action of antibiotics can cause disruption in the balance of beneficial gut bacteria that eventually leads to adverse effects such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and an increased susceptibility to sudden infections. When probiotics, or live microorganisms, are administered in proper amounts, they can benefit our health. Using probiotics is a potential solution to mitigate these adverse effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of probiotics co-administered with antibiotics on various aspects of health, including the prevention of AAD, modulation of gut microbiota, and enhancement of immune function. This research uses a literature review method, namely a series of activities related to collection methods of library data. the co-administration of probiotics with antibiotics represents a promising approach to mitigating the adverse effects of antibiotic therapy on gut health and overall well-being. Additionally, the potential me... Read More

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As our understanding of the intricate interaction between gut bacteria and human health continues to expand, so too has interest in the ability of probiotics to manage gut microbiota and confer multiple health benefits to the host. The mini literature review focuses on the expanding potential of the use of probiotics in GI health, with a focus on probiotics' potential therapeutic advantages in a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses. Probiotics play a significant role in managing diarrhea and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) by modulating gut microbial communities. Specific probiotic strains have been found to reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria, regulate inflammatory markers like interleukin 6, and improve GI symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and stool consistency. Additionally, probiotic blends have shown potential for preventing GI infections and alleviating GI pain in IBS-D patients. Studies have demonstrated that certain multi-strain probiotics, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species, can significantly increase the frequency o... Read More

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Probiotics contain live bacteria and yeast that when consumed in adequate amount do wonders to human health. The most popular super supplements available in the market today are Probiotics. Bacterias are usually considered as dangerous or harmful, but the fact is human body contains both types of bacteria i.e., good and bad. Hence, Probiotics are good bacteria which are required by our body. In this review, an overview of probiotics, gut health benefits, their role in immune system and disease prevention. Furthermore, current trends in the development of probiotic products also discussed. Overall, this review aims at better understanding of probiotics and their significance as emerging functional foods.

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Consumers are now looking for food products that offer health benefits beyond essential nutrition in the age of the rapidly expanding population and changing lifestyle. Incorporating probiotics into various food items has led to the popularization of a novel category of functional foods known as 'probiotic products. A new class of functional foods called "probiotic products" has gained popularity due to the integration of probiotics into various dietary items. Probiotics are live microbial feed supplements that help the host's intestinal microbial equilibrium, which positively affects the host. This chapter highlights the role of probiotics in boosting gut health, enhancing digestion, managing diverse health issues like diarrhea, lactose intolerance, allergies, and supporting immune function. This chapter covers probiotic topics, such as their taxonomy, history, advantages, and possible uses in human health.

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Gut microbes form complex networks that significantly influence host health and disease treatment. Interventions with the probiotic bacteria on the gut microbiota have been demonstrated to improve host well-being. As a representative of next-generation probiotics,

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Personalized probiotic regimens, taking into account individual characteristics such as stool patterns, have the potential to alleviate gastrointestinal disorders and improve gut health while avoiding the variability exhibited among individuals by conventional probiotics. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of personalized probiotic interventions in managing distinct stool patterns (constipation and diarrhea) by investigating their impact on the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal symptoms using a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial design. This research leverages the multi-strain probiotic formulas, Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome, which have previously demonstrated efficacy in alleviating constipation and diarrhea symptoms, respectively. Improvement in clinical symptoms improvement and compositional changes in the gut microbiome were analyzed in participants with predominant constipation or diarrhea symptoms. Results indicate that tailored probiotics could improve constipation and diarrhea by promoting

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Probiotics, living microorganisms with demonstrated health benefits when administered in sufficient quantities, have a rich history as dietary supplements to benefit human health. Recently, understanding of their mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract has prompted exploration of probiotics in treating human diseases. However, the effective and precise delivery of probiotics remains a significant challenge in therapeutic applications. Here, we review the mechanisms of action of probiotics in human health and the most advanced strategies for efficient probiotic delivery. We also discuss the potential applications of engineered probiotics in disease treatment. This review contributes insights into the evolving landscape of probiotic research for therapeutic applications.

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Probiotics are known to promote human health either precautionary in healthy individuals or therapeutically in patients suffering from certain ailments. Although this knowledge was empirical in past tomes, modern science has already verified it and expanded it to new limits. These microorganisms can be found in nature in various foods such as dairy products or in supplements formulated for clinical or preventive use. The current review examines the different mechanisms of action of the probiotic strains and how they interact with the organism of the host. Emphasis is put on the clinical therapeutic use of these beneficial microorganisms in various clinical conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and particularly any malfunction and inflammation of the intestines seriously compromise the health of the whole organism. The interaction between the probiotic strains and the hosts microbiota can alleviate the clinical signs and symptoms while in some cases, in due course, it can intervene in the underlying pathology. Various safety issues of ... Read More

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The human gut hosts a diverse microbial community, essential for maintaining overall health. However, antibiotics, commonly prescribed for infections, can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and even neurological disorders. Recognizing this, probiotics have emerged as a promising strategy to counteract these adverse effects.

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Although probiotics have been used in food products and supplements for decades, there has been a considerable increase in their use more recently. Recent technological advances have thus led to major advances in knowledge of the gut microbiota, enabling a significant development of biotics. In this review, we discuss the uses of traditional probiotics but also the discovery of next-generation probiotics that could be used as live biotherapeutics. These novel preventive and therapeutic strategies hold promise for the treatment of numerous diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis. Probiotic bacteria can be consumed alone, or in combination with prebiotics as synbiotics, or mixed with other probiotic strains to form a consortium for enhanced effects. We also discuss the benefits of using postbiotics.

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Probiotics are increasingly used to manage gut dysbiosis-related conditions due to their robust ability to manipulate the gut microbial community. However, few studies have reported that probiotics can specifically modulate individual gut microbes. This study demonstrated that administering the probiotic,

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After consumption, probiotics provide health benefits to the host. Probiotics and their metabolites have therapeutic and nutritional properties that help to alleviate gastrointestinal, neurological, and cardiovascular problems. Probiotics strengthen host immunity through various mechanisms, including improved gut barrier function, receptor site blocking, competitive exclusion of pathogens, and the production of bioactive molecules. Emerging evidence suggests that intestinal bowel diseases can be fatal, but regular probiotic consumption can alleviate disease symptoms. The use and detailed description of the health benefits of probiotics to consumers in terms of reducing intestinal infection, inflammation, and digestive disorders are discussed in this review. The well-designed and controlled studies that examined the use of probiotics to reduce life-threatening activities caused by intestinal bowel diseases are also covered. This review discussed the active principles and potency of probiotics as evidenced by the known effects on host health, in addition to providing information on the... Read More

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Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have all been explored extensively in recent decades for their potential health advantages. Probiotics, prebiotics, and their combinations were seen to be clinically useful for a variety of gut-related illnesses, such as digestion, ulcers, travellers' diarrhea, IBD, and for boosting gut health and the immune system. These food supplements are generally known as functional foods, and are well known for altering, modifying, and restoring of pre-existing healthy intestinal flora. They also ensure the smooth working of the digestive environment. Bifidobacterium , S. boulardii , Lactobacilli , and E. coli are some examples of often-utilised probiotic strains, whereas prebiotics such as Inulin, fructans, and pectin are the most often utilised fibres that, when combined with probiotics are known as synbiotics and may boost probiotic viability. This chapter discusses probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics along with their function, types, mechanism, and applications on human gut health.

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Abstract Background Live microorganisms known as probiotics have been shown to improve or restore the gut microbiota, which in turn has been linked to improved health. Probiotics are the modern equivalent of a panacea, with claims that they may treat or prevent anything from colic in babies to obesity, diarrhea, and respiratory infections. Main body of the abstract It has been proven by a few researchers that probiotics are effective in treating numerous ailments by controlling the hosts immunological response. But on the other side, the probiotic industry takes a more straightforward, one-formula-fits-all approach to probiotic therapy. As the unique native microbiota of each person is another crucial factor in recommending probiotic therapy. Approximately 1000 distinct bacterial species reside in the human gut. It will take further research into how probiotic strains interact with the microbiota, so there is still a long way to go before probiotics can be used to their full potential. Short conclusion This review study provides a thorough description of probiotics and seeks to es... Read More

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Probiotic use to improve health is not new; but recently, it has attracted much attention concerning human health and diseases. The human gut is a delicate ecosystem where bacteria and host cells interact with each other. This is an important part of gut homeostasis and human development. Disruption of this sensitive ecosystem may have detrimental health repercussions linked to impaired gut microbiota (GM). GM were extensively examined as an underlying mechanism for disease development and progression. Additionally, it was used as a tailored method for preventing and treating disease. Because of the strong association between GM, health, and disease, there has been much interest in employing probiotics or living microorganisms, to regulate GM to prevent or cure specific diseases. Herein, probiotics' role in enhancing women's and pediatric well-being was addressed as a marker of disease and as therapeutic avenues; where we discussed probiotics indications, efficacy, safety profiles, and future prospects in clinical practice.

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Probiotics are live microorganisms beneficial to health, which can be used as food supplements or added to foods such as yogurt and fermented milk.Probiotics are classified into different types, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, and act in different ways, such as colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, modulating the intestinal microbiota and stimulating the immune system.Probiotics have been widely studied in relation to their use in the treatment of several syndromes, such as acute and chronic diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.In acute diarrhea, probiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea and decreasing the number of bowel movements.In chronic diarrhea, probiotics have also shown positive effects in reducing symptoms and improving patients' quality of life.In irritable bowel syndrome, probiotics have been studied as a promising alternative to conventional treatment, due to their ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota and reduce inflammation.In celiac disease, probioti... Read More

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Background: Gut microbiota is well-known for its ability to maintain intestinal homeostasis. However, the disruption of this homeostasis, known as dysbiosis, leads to multiple consequences, including local and systemic inflammation. Surgery-induced inflammation is a major concern for patients, as it leads to many infectious and non-infectious complications. Objective: The purpose of this review was to explore the role of probiotics and symbiotics in surgery-induced inflammation and to determine if their use is effective in combatting inflammation and its complications Methods and Materials: A literature search was conducted, and articles published only in English, until December 2022 were included. The results are reported in the form of a narrative review. Results: The perioperative use of probiotics and/or symbiotics results in lower risk of infectious complications, including reduced rates of surgical site infections, respiratory and urinary tract infections, shorter hospital stays, and fewer days of antibiotic administration. It also contributes to reducing non-infectious complic... Read More

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Probiotics are alive and beneficial microorganisms that affect the bodys microbial flora when consumed by humans or animals and have beneficial effects on the health of the host. Nowadays, probiotics are considered a factor in the prevention of many infectious diseases and cancers. Given the particular importance of probiotics, this study aimed to narratively review previous studies on the mode of action of probiotics and the beneficial effects of probiotics on enhancing intestinal immune responses. Articles on this topic were searched in Google Scholar, Springer, Science Direct, and Clinical Trial databases, and systematic review articles examining the effects of probiotics on the function of the intestinal immune response were included in the study. The results of the research showed that probiotics can boost the bodys immune system, break down food due to their ability to produce enzymes, lower the pH of the environment, and secrete bacteriocins. Furthermore, the effect of probiotics on the modulation mechanisms of the innate defense responses of the intestinal epithelium, inclu... Read More

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Crohns disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract affecting millions of patients worldwide. The gut microbiome partly determines the pathogenesis of both diseases. Even though probiotics have been widely used as a potential treatment, their efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission is still controversial. Our study aims to review the present-day literature about the possible role of probiotics in treating inflammatory bowel diseases in adults. This research was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We included studies concerning adult patients who compared probiotics with placebo or non-probiotic intervention. We identified thirty-three studies, including 2713 patients from fourteen countries. The role of probiotics in Crohns disease was examined in eleven studies. Only four studies presented statistically significant results in the remission of disease, primarily when used for three to six months. On the other hand, in twenty-one out of tw... Read More

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Probiotics are frequently consumed as functional food and widely used as dietary supplements, but are also recommended in treating or preventing various gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, their co-administration with other drugs is sometimes unavoidable or even compulsory. Recent technological developments in the pharmaceutical industry permitted the development of novel drug-delivery systems for probiotics, allowing their addition to the therapy of severely ill patients. Literature data regarding the changes that probiotics could impose on the efficacy or safety of chronic medication is scarce. In this context, the present paper aims to review probiotics currently recommended by the international medical community, to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiota and various pathologies with high impact worldwide and, most importantly, to assess the literature reports concerning the ability of probiotics to influence the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of some widely used drugs, especially for those with narrow therapeutic indexes. A better understanding of the potential inf... Read More

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Over the last 20 years, probiotic bacteria have gained popularity because of the increasing number of scientific evidence supporting their positive impacts on human health. Probiotic products are widely present in the market, and their potential applications are expanding everyday due to the fact that certain probiotics strain support the quality of the gut microbiota. They have therefore been used in a variety of therapeutics, and the research has been actively ongoing. This review article focuses on probiotics' use in the management of various illnesses their action mechanism and health advantages.

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Graphical Abstract The current investigation provides a summary of the available clinical trials using probiotics as therapeutic worldwide and their fate.

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The significant strides made in interconnected associations between probiotics and human health have paved the way for remarkable advancements in probiotic functional foods. Probiotic foods play a pivotal role in functional food sector as leading components. In order to safeguard viability of delicate probiotics in face of various adverse conditions, there has been a surge in the development of delivery systems for probiotics. Probiotic organisms are widely recognized for their numerous health-promoting abilities. As a result, probiotics have gained significant popularity as a viable method for improving digestive and immune health. Medical professionals are increasingly recommending probiotics as effective therapeutic interventions for various health conditions. The intricate communities of microorganisms that inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract have a vital role to play in maintaining human health. Researchers have reached a consensus on the definition of probiotics and have made significant strides in comprehending their mechanisms of action. Probiotic bacteria are living non... Read More

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Abstract The gut microbiota and its homeostasis play a crucial role in human health. However, for some diseases related to the gut microbiota, current traditional medicines can only relieve symptoms, and it is difficult to solve the root causes or even cause side effects like disturbances in the gut microbiota. Increasing clinical studies and evidences have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics can prevent and treat various diseases, but currently they can only be used as dietary supplements rather than medicines, which restricts the application of probiotics in the field of medicine. Here, this review analyzes the importance of gut microbiota in human health and the current problems of traditional medicines, and systematically summarizes the effectiveness and mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in maintaining health and treating diseases based on animal models and clinical trials. And based on current research outcomes and development trends in this field, the challenges and prospects of their clinical application in maintaining health, alleviat... Read More

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There is a growing awareness that supplementation with probiotic bacteria can impart beneficial effects during gastrointestinal disease, but less is known about the impact of probiotics on healthy subjects. Here, we report the outcomes of a

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Gastrointestinal disorders are very common leading to significant use of medications that affect the gut. This article reviews over-the-counter and prescription medications that have indications for common gastrointestinal disorders including gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, diarrhea, and peptic-ulcer disease. This article also discusses the benefits of probiotics in treating gut related disorders.

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The interest in the intestinal microbiota of humans has increased in the last 20 years and significant advances have been achieved with regard to its structure and functions. Since gut microbiota is involved in a range of complex interactions with the host, its manipulation for promoting human health has been the object of several studies. Probiotics, with their long history of safety and effectiveness against harmful microorganisms, are a strategy to not only maintain or restore the correct balance in the microbial population of the intestinal tract, but also to prevent or treat a range of disease conditions. Personalized administration of selected probiotic strains is necessary to ensure the success of their application and is critical to implement their clinical use as a strategy to support preventive, personalized, and predictive medicine (PPPM). The aim of this review is to explore preclinical and clinical studiesClinical studies focused on the use of probioticsProbiotics for the preventionPrevention and treatmentTreatments of gastrointestinal, metabolic and neurological disease... Read More

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Modulating the gut microbiota with probiotics has been identified as a promising therapeutic method for the management of gastrointestinal illnesses. The effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders can only be determined by delving into their underlying mechanisms of action. Through an analysis of the underlying processes, this study hopes to provide light on the potential benefits of probiotics for treating a variety of gastrointestinal conditions. The study covers a wide variety of gastrointestinal conditions, such as IBS, IBD, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Modifying the gut microbiota composition, strengthening the gut barrier function, modulating the immune system, and producing beneficial metabolites are among mechanisms of action that have been investigated. The strain- and dose-specific variables essential to getting the best treatment results are also highlighted. This review, which synthesizes the current information, gives a thorough overview of the effectiveness of probiotics in treating a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses and illum... Read More

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Probiotics have been widely used in gastroenteritis due to acute and chronic illnesses. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of probiotics in different health conditions are inconclusive and conflicting. The aim of the study was to review existing literature on the effects of probiotics in gastroenteritis among adults. Only original articles on clinical trials that demonstrated the effects of probiotics in adults with gastroenteritis were used for this analysis. Multiple databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched for the data. The study followed standard procedures for data extraction using PRISMA flow chart. A quality appraisal of the selected studies was conducted using CADIMA. Finally, a meta-analysis was conducted. Thirty-five articles met the selection criteria; of them, probiotics were found effective in the treatment and/or prevention of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease in 17 (49%), and the treatment of pouchitis in 4 (11.4%), antibiotic-induced diarrhea in 3 (8.6%), He... Read More

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The human gut hosts complex microbial communities, which are linked to health and disease. The gut microbiota is continuously reshaped by multiple environmental factors, especially diet. Gut dysbiosis may promote various metabolic, neurological, intestinal, and cardiovascular diseases, and even tumor development. Probiotics have shown promising prophylactic, mitigating, or even curative effects when use as nutrient supplements or adjunctive therapy. These beneficial and/or symptom alleviation effects are often accompanied by gut microbiome and metabolome changes. Differing from other published review articles, here we summarized the latest knowledge of evidence-based health-promoting effects of probiotics by scouring literature of recent animal and human probiotic intervention studies. To elucidate the beneficial mechanisms of probiotics in enhancing intestinal homeostasis, intestinal barrier function, host immunity, and through modulating the gut microbiome and its metabolites. Meanwhile, we also discussed challenges in data analysis in clinical research of probiotics and data compa... Read More

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Numerous studies have been advanced to establish a link between gut health and immunological function and to explain how probiotics, prebiotics, nutraceuticals affect the gut microbiota and immune function. A probiotic must possess favourable technical features, be able to live in the upper gastrointestinal system, and operate in the gut environment in order to enhance human health.

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The health benefits proclaimed by probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been the subject of extensive research for the last few decades. Researchers focused on searching the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics that help in maintaining gastrointestinal tract health. Many studies stated that probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics supplementation is beneficial in maintaining optimal microflora in the gut that ultimately helps in the prevention of numerous diseases associated with nutritional health. This review article portrays various roles played by probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in maintaining the beneficial microbiota of the human gut.

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Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONALTERATIONS IN GUT MICROBIOTA AFTER ABDOMINAL SURGERY INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTICS/SYNBIOTICS ON GUT MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION IN PATIENTS WHO RECEIVED ABDOMINAL SURGERYASSOCIATION BETWEEN POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AND MICROBIOTA IN PATIENTS WHO RECEIVED ABDOMINAL SURGERYEFFECT OF PROBIOTICS/SYNBIOTICS ON POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN SURGICAL PATIENTSCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFUNDINGFigureTableReference

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Probiotics and prebiotics have a variety of beneficial effects on the hosts health. Extensive studies have established probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and further the concept of next-generation probiotics has been advocated. Clinical trials and mechanism of action research have demonstrated that the gut microbiota and host health are inextricably linked, and that probiotics can benefit intestinal-related disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease by controlling the gut microbiota. Accordingly, the hosts gut microbiota has the greatest direct effect on the efficiency of probiotics and prebiotics. Due to the highly individualized gut microbiota, supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics must take the hosts gut microbiota into account. Personalized and specific interventions, as well as the development of next-generation probiotics, will be the new focus of research.

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Most of our gut microbiota live with us in a mutually beneficial life-long relationship. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the hosts overall health through its metabolic activities. Human microbiota might be supported by consuming friendly bacteria (probiotics) and consuming foods to improve the microbiota (prebiotics). During the last two decades, probiotics interest has increased with rising scientific shreds of evidence of benefits on human health. Hence, they have been exploited as various food products, mainly fermented foods. Probiotics as a treatment modality may restore normal microbiota and functioning of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Strong scientific evidence is associating these bacteria with the prevention and therapy of various GI disorders. (In light of the ongoing trend of probiotics, further research is needed to obtain the perspective of potential applications for better health. Probiotic applications have been extended from health applications to food and agricultural applications. The benefits of probiotics led to its applications in probiotic health ... Read More

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Nowadays, food is no longer just for nutrition. Consumers are more demanding and expect to get health benefits from their daily meals. Various areas of the food industry are in great demand of functional chemicals to enhance the taste and nutritional value of their products. Probiotic bacteria have already been part of the humans routine for good gut microbiota maintenance in terms of pharmaceutical products. Their incorporation in food however is a challenging task that offers great opportunities but has limitations as well. Specifically, the purpose of this review is to emphasize the importance of probiotics in food, to assess their survival through gastrointestinal tract, and to highlight the recent advances in approaches for their improved viability.

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Probiotics are a generally safe treatment option and have been evaluated positively for several conditions by the Cochrane Collaboration. However, they must have adequate compositional quality and be able to persist in the gut to be efficacious and safe.

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The perturbation of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) may have a significant influence in the pathophysiology of some intestinal disorders. Probiotics have been considered for treatment of gut diseases and maintenance of intestinal health, as they might reestablish the typical microbiota and affect the intestinal functioning through diverse mechanisms. A diversity of probiotic formulations and delivery systems are available, which makes the interpretation and comparison of studies quite difficult. The efficacy of probiotics, either as a single strain or a combination of probiotics, has been tested in irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, infectious diarrhea, pouchitis, among other disorders. However, relatively few randomized controlled trials exist exploring the efficacy of probiotics in different intestinal disorders. Although many studies describe beneficial effects of probiotics on intestinal health, additional investigation is necessary to obtain absolute evidence about the clinical benefits of probiotics, in par... Read More

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Probiotics are included in the group of health promoting functional foods that promotes good gut health through the supply of essential metabolites with therapeutic characteristics. Promoting a healthy digestive tract and a healthy immune system are their most widely studied benefits of late. A series of food and pharmaceutical products have drawn the attention and interest of consumers due to their exclusive health benefits. Therefore, food-based probiotics are gaining popularity in the recent years, even though there is an increase in commercially available probiotic supplements. Probiotics can be naturally found in some food groups, whereas, the other food groups can act as a vehicle for probiotics. One of the most abundant sources of probiotics is the group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which plays an important role in preventing intestinal problems. Under certain stress conditions, intestinal microbiota may be altered manifesting in gut disorders. Probiotic bacteria stimulate the growth of indigenous beneficial gut microbiota by inhibiting the growth of opportunistic pathogenic... Read More

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Prescribers should consider recommending that patients take a course of probiotic supplements alongside antibiotics, a systematic review has concluded. Results of the systematic review of 29 studies, published in the Journal of Medical Microbiology on 16 November 2022, showed that probiotics taken alongside antibiotics decreased diarrhoea and protected the diversity of bacteria in the gut. []

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