Nestle’s Research on Probiotics for Enhanced Gut Health

Compositions and methods for preventing or treating atopic disease and respiratory infection in young individuals by increasing propionate production by gut microbiota. The compositions comprise a combination of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and a mix of micronutrients (vitamins B1, B2, B6, zinc, iron, copper) and amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, lysine, leucine). The compositions are administered to young individuals in a unit dosage form, such as a powder reconstituted in a diluent, to increase propionate levels and prevent or treat atopic disease and respiratory infection.

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A stable aqueous composition comprising oligosaccharides having a glucose unit at the reducing end, characterized in that the pH of such composition ranges from 5.5 to 6.5, for example from 5.8 to 6.3 or from 5.9 to 6.2, for use as a milk fortifier or supplement for infants, particularly infants born by C-section, who were born preterm, or who are small for gestational age and/or who had a low or very low weight at birth (LWB or VLBW).

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A combination of lactose and specific human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) for improving gut health in infants, particularly when formula-fed. The combination includes lactose along with HMOs like 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), lacto-ZV-neotetraose (LNnT), 3'-fucosyllactose (3'-FL), 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL), and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL). This synergistic mixture reduces branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) associated with protein fermentation, promotes beneficial gut bacteria, and mitigates disease/disorder risks linked to BCFA metabolism. The lactose-HMO combination can be used in infant formulas to

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A process to prepare a fermented milk powder with improved taste and gut health benefits compared to traditional fermented milks. The process involves fermenting skim milk with specific strains of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a 75:25 ratio. This fermented milk powder can be used in nutritional compositions like infant formula to provide enhanced palatability and gut health benefits. The fermentation with these specific strains balances protein metabolism to reduce undesirable metabolites like ammonium. This promotes gut health and immune function. The powdered fermented milk also has better amino acid availability compared to single strain fermentation.

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Nutritional compositions containing specific oligosaccharides for promoting accelerated butyrate production in the gut of young children to prevent/treat health disorders and promote benefits. The compositions contain fucosylated oligosaccharides like 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and difucosyllactose (DFL) along with sialylated oligosaccharides like 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL). The compositions are for preventing/treating disorders and promoting health in young children by promoting rapid butyrate production in their gut through selective oligosaccharide supplementation.

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Nutritional composition containing a mix of two or more human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) for decreasing detrimental proteolytic metabolites like branched short chain fatty acids in the digestive tract of infants and young children. The HMO mix can have fucosylated, sialylated, and N-acetylated oligosaccharides. The more diverse the HMO mix, the lower the proteolytic metabolites. This composition aims to change the gut microbiota to reduce harmful compounds from protein breakdown without side effects or pharmaceutical intervention.

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Enhancing microbiome resilience to improve gut health by administering a combination of fiber and probiotics. The method involves giving a fiber-probiotic blend to individuals experiencing microbiome stressors like high fat diets, antibiotics, infections, etc. to improve microbiome resilience, intestinal transit, gut barrier, and prevent endotoxemia. The blend helps the microbiome resist perturbations and recover faster compared to placebo.

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Nutritional composition comprising at least three human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) for increasing butyrate production in the digestive tract of infants and young children. The composition can be used to prevent and/or treat health disorders and/or promote health benefits influenced by butyrate production. The HMOs can be selected from fucosylated, N-acetylated, and sialylated oligosaccharides, and the composition can be formulated as a hypoallergenic infant formula or growing-up milk.

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Using a specific blend of two or more human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) to decrease detrimental proteolytic metabolites like branched short chain fatty acids in the digestive tract of infants and young children. The HMO blends can be used in nutritional compositions like infant formula, follow-up formula, or growing-up milk to promote a healthier gut microbiome and mitigate potential negative impacts of undigested proteins. The composition can also contain probiotics and prebiotic precursors.

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Powdered fermented milk product and nutritional compositions containing it for promoting intestinal health, nutrient absorption, and beneficial gut microbiota. The fermented milk powder is made by fermenting milk with specific strains of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. This fermentation process creates a powdered product with beneficial metabolites for intestinal health. The powder can be used in infant formula, growing-up milk, and other nutritional compositions to promote gut health, nutrient absorption, and beneficial microbiota.

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Process to prepare a fermented milk powder with improved taste and gut health benefits, and nutritional compositions containing it. The fermented milk powder is made by fermenting skim milk with a specific ratio of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains, followed by spray drying. This results in a powdered fermented milk with enhanced taste compared to fermenting with just one strain. The powder can be used in infant formulas and other nutritional compositions to promote gut health and immune function.

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Preparing probiotic compositions that enhance the benefits of probiotics in the gut. The method involves pretreating probiotic Lactobacillus bacteria by culturing them in a medium containing galactooligosaccharides (GOS). This pretreated bacteria is then added to a final product containing GOS. The pretreatment step increases survival and metabolic activity of the probiotics in the gut, especially the colon. It promotes a healthy microbiota by improving lactobacilli and bifidobacteria levels. The compositions can be used as supplements to boost probiotic effectiveness, particularly for promoting gut health in healthy individuals.

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Enhancing microbiome resilience to improve gut health by administering a combination of fiber and probiotics, especially during times of microbiome stress like a high-fat diet. The fiber and probiotic mixture improves microbiome resilience, intestinal transit, and gut barrier function after a stress like a high-fat, low-fiber diet. Administering this fiber-probiotic blend to subjects undergoing microbiome stressors can prevent or mitigate negative impacts on gut health.

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Nutritional composition for infants and young children that increases butyrate production in the digestive tract. The composition contains at least three human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). The HMOs are fucosylated oligosaccharides, N-acetylated oligosaccharides, and/or sialylated oligosaccharides. The composition can be used to prevent and treat health disorders related to butyrate production, and promote health benefits associated with butyrate production.

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A nutritional composition for infants and young children comprising Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum and Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) that synergistically promotes a healthier gut environment by enhancing beneficial fermentative metabolites and stimulating the growth of healthy commensal gut bacteria. The composition increases metabolic activity of the gut microbiota, reduces ammonium production, improves engraftment and survival of Bifidobacteria, and promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Streptococcus salivarius.

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Nutritional compositions containing specific human milk oligosaccharides for promoting butyrate production in the gut of toddlers to prevent/treat health disorders and promote health benefits. The compositions contain 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) for accelerating butyrate production. Other oligosaccharide mixtures containing 2'-FL, like difucosyllactose and lactose-N-tetraose, also promote butyrate. These compositions can prevent/treat disorders like colitis and promote benefits like intestinal maturation and cancer prevention.

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Nutritional compositions comprising miR-3126, a microRNA found in human breast milk, for use in infant nutrition to mimic the natural composition of breast milk at different stages of lactation. The compositions can be infant formulas, fortifiers, or supplements, and can be used to promote growth and development, protect gastrointestinal health, and reduce the risk of infections, allergic diseases, and inflammatory disorders.

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Composition containing fucosyllactose for promoting accelerated butyrate production in the intestines of young children. Butyrate is a beneficial short-chain fatty acid produced by gut bacteria. The composition, containing fucosyllactose from breast milk, promotes butyrate production when consumed by young children. This provides health benefits like intestinal maturation, colon healing, and anti-cancer effects. The composition can be used to prevent/treat intestinal disorders and promote intestinal health in young children.

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Composition containing specific human milk oligosaccharides for promoting accelerated butyrate production in the gut of young children to prevent/treat health disorders and promote benefits. The composition comprises 2'-fucosylactose (2'-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), and lacto-N-tetraose (LNT). It can also contain additional oligosaccharides like 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) to further enhance butyrate production. Consuming this composition by young children promotes butyrate production in their gut. Butyrate has beneficial effects like improved colon health, immune boost, and reduced inflammation.

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A system for providing personalized microbiome health recommendations through dietary guidance. The system calculates optimal food and nutrient intake based on individual characteristics, such as age, sex, and health status, and provides meal and recipe suggestions to maintain or improve gut microbiome health. The system considers factors like alpha diversity, butyrate production, and short-chain fatty acid production, and can track user food intake and provide real-time recommendations.

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