The gut microbiome's influence on cardiovascular health involves complex metabolic and immune pathways. Clinical studies have shown that specific bacterial strains can modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduce inflammatory markers like CRP and IL-6, and help maintain healthy blood pressure levels through multiple mechanisms including the metabolism of dietary compounds and production of bioactive metabolites.

The key challenge lies in identifying and validating specific probiotic strains that can effectively influence cardiovascular biomarkers while maintaining viable populations in the dynamic gut environment.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including targeted use of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains for blood pressure regulation, engineered microbes for cholesterol metabolism, and novel bacterial combinations that strengthen intestinal barrier function. These and other approaches focus on translating microbiome science into practical therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular health.

1. Genetically-Engineered Microbes Expressing Cholesterol Oxidoreductases for Cholesterol Metabolism

The Broad Institute, Inc., 2023

Using genetically-engineered microbes and their byproducts to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of high cholesterol and associated diseases. The microbes are engineered to express enzymes called cholesterol oxidoreductases that metabolize cholesterol into coprostanol, a less absorbable form. The microbes can be delivered as probiotics or coprostanol and related compounds can be administered to reduce serum cholesterol levels.

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2. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-Based Composition for Modulating Ventricular Remodeling

Shanghai University, 2022

Using Faecalibacterium prausnitzii bacteria as a medicine to treat pathological ventricular remodeling and heart failure following a heart attack.

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3. Probiotic Composition with Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 and Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-133 Strains

GENMONT BIOTECH INCORPORATION, 2020

Probiotic compositions containing specific strains of Lactobacillus bacteria (L. reuteri GMNL-89 and L. paracasei GMNL-133) for preventing stroke and mitigating the severity of stroke. The probiotics are taken as a dietary supplement to regulate intestinal microbiota, enhance intestinal barrier function, and reduce inflammatory responses to prevent ischemic stroke.

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4. Probiotic Composition with Bifidobacterium lactis MN-Gup, Bifidobacterium lactis M8, Lactobacillus plantarum LP6, and Lactobacillus casei Zhang

INNER MONGOLIA MENGNIU DAIRY CO LTD, MENGNIU DAIRY GROUP CO LTD, 2024

Probiotic composition containing specific strains of bacteria that when combined reduce cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. The composition includes Bifidobacterium lactis MN-Gup, Bifidobacterium lactis M8, Lactobacillus plantarum LP6, and Lactobacillus casei Zhang. The strains can be used to prevent, alleviate, or improve symptoms of high cholesterol and high triglycerides.

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5. Composition Containing Probiotic Bacteria, Plant Sterols, and Ashwagandha Root Powder

John Charles Davidson, 2023

A natural composition to support cardiovascular health by contributing to healthy serum cholesterol levels, reducing CRP and IL-6 cytokine levels, and promoting a healthy gut microbiome. The composition includes probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus reuteri), cholesterol-lowering plant sterols, and Ashwagandha root powder.

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6. Bifidobacterium longum Strain CCFM752 for Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Levels

Jiangnan University, 2023

Using Bifidobacterium longum strain CCFM752 to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, especially hypertension. The strain has been found to significantly reduce blood pressure in hypertensive rats and decrease the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to hypertension.

7. Bacterial Composition of Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides dorei for Modulating Lipopolysaccharide Production and Transfer

NOSTER INC., 2023

A combination of Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides dorei bacteria species, that can control LPS production by enteric bacteria and transfer thereof into the blood. This can reduce intestinal LPS levels, strengthen tight junctions in the intestinal barrier to reduce blood LPS levels, and suppress inflammatory responses and immune responses in intestines, blood vessels, and organs by co-existing in the intestines. It can provide a new way to prevent and improve circulatory diseases, inflammatory diseases, and metabolic diseases through ingestion of these bacteria.

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8. Probiotic Composition of Bifidobacterium animalis WHH2276, Lactobacillus rhamnosus WHH1155, and Lactobacillus fermentum WHH3906 with Synergistic Blood Lipid Modulation

HANGZHOU WAHAHA GROUP CO LTD, HANGZHOU WAHAHA TECH CO LTD, HANGZHOU WAHAHA TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2023

A combination of three probiotic strains, Bifidobacterium animalis WHH2276, Lactobacillus rhamnosus WHH1155, and Lactobacillus fermentum WHH3906, that synergistically lower blood lipids. The strains were selected based on their individual functions of reducing blood lipids, weight, and uric acid. Compared to single strains, the combination showed enhanced blood lipid-lowering effects. This synergy was confirmed through in vitro experiments. The combination is useful in preventing or treating hyperlipidemia-related diseases and symptoms.

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9. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Composition for Modulating Post-Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Remodeling

Shanghai University, 2023

Use of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a bacteria commonly found in the intestines of mammals, in preparing a medicine for treating pathological ventricular remodeling and/or heart failure following myocardial infarction. The bacteria can improve cardiac function, reduce fibrosis, and inhibit hypertrophy after infarction.

10. Functional Food Products with Probiotic Bacteria and Natural Prebiotics for Intestinal Microbiota Modulation

Limited Liability Company EDIENS, State Higher Educational Institution Uzhhorod National University, 2023

Functional food products for preventing non-communicable diseases like obesity, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes by targeting intestinal microbiota correction. The products contain probiotic bacteria isolated from traditional dishes/drinks and natural prebiotics from fruits/vegetables. The bacteria strains, like Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei, are co-cultured with prebiotic compounds like apple pectin. This synergistic combination selectively inhibits pathogenic bacteria while promoting beneficial bacteria. The products aim to regulate intestinal microbiota for disease prevention through specific microbiota modulation.

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11. Multi-Nutrient Composition with Integrated Vitamins, Minerals, Antioxidants, Amino Acids, and Probiotics

Sweet Wellness AB, 2023

A multi-nutrient composition for treating and preventing oxidative stress conditions like cardiovascular disease. The composition includes vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids, probiotics, and other components.

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12. Lactic Acid Bacteria Composition with Specific Cytokine Modulation Properties

MEIJI CO., LTD., 2023

Composition containing lactic acid bacteria that can reduce heart rate when ingested. The lactic acid bacteria are generally from the Lactobacillus genus, and have specific activities like lowering IL-6 levels and boosting IL-10 production.

13. Lactobacillus fermentum LM1016 Strain with Cardiovascular and Metabolic Biomarker Modulation Properties

Genome And Company, Lactomason Co., Ltd., 2023

Using a specific strain of Lactobacillus fermentum called LM1016 to prevent, ameliorate, and treat cardiovascular diseases, obesity, fatty liver, and diabetes mellitus without side effects. The LM1016 strain reduces levels of cardiovascular disease markers like CRP, neutral fat, and cholesterol, as well as body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, blood sugar, insulin, and leptin levels. Administering LM1016 has potential as a natural alternative to drugs for managing these chronic conditions.

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14. Lactobacillus fermentum Strain LM1016 with Specific Biochemical Modulation Capabilities

Genome and Company, 2022

A novel strain of Lactobacillus fermentum, LM1016, that can treat or prevent cardiovascular diseases, obesity, fatty liver and diabetes. The strain was found to reduce levels of C-reactive protein, cholesterol, neutral fat, blood sugar, and insulin while inhibiting weight gain and fatty liver development. Administering LM1016 can prevent or treat these chronic conditions.

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15. Composition of Specific Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains for Modulating Fat Absorption

GLAC BIOTECH CO LTD, 2022

Using specific strains of lactic acid bacteria to treat obesity and obesity-related diseases like hypertension, fatty liver, and cardiovascular disease. The lactic acid bacteria strains, including Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum OLP-01, can inhibit fat absorption and reduce body fat. Administering these bacteria as a composition, such as in food or pharmaceuticals, provides a natural alternative to conventional obesity drugs with fewer side effects.

16. Probiotic Composition Containing Lactobacillus plantarum 2830 Strain

Probiotix Health Limited, 2022

Probiotic composition for hypertension treatment using Lactobacillus plantarum 2830 strain that effectively lower and control blood pressure, especially in people with mild hypercholesterolemia. The Lactobacillus plantarum 2830 strain can be used in medicaments or food supplements to prevent and treat hypertension.

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17. Microbiome Modulation Method Involving Parasutterella Level Monitoring for LDL Cholesterol Reduction

McPharma Biotech Inc., 2022

Using microbiome modulation to reduce LDL cholesterol in individuals with dyslipidemia or at risk of developing it. The method involves administering a microbiome treatment like prebiotics, probiotics, or antibiotics to alter gut bacteria levels. The efficacy is determined by monitoring Parasutterella bacterial levels in response, since increases correlate with LDL reduction.

18. Probiotic Composition with Lactobacillus Strains and Method of Preparation Involving Inhibition of Cholesterol and Fat Absorption

ANHUI YONGWE HEALTH SCIENCE AND TECH LIMITED CO, ANHUI YONGWE HEALTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LIMITED CO, 2022

Probiotic composition and preparation method that have thrombolytic, lipid lowering, and intestinal flora regulating effects. The composition contains specific strains of lactobacilli that reduce cholesterol absorption and fat absorption in the gut. The method involves suppressing the rise of certain biological substances in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. This reduces cholesterol levels by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption and hepatic fat absorption. The composition also lowers glutathione levels. The lactobacilli strains involved are Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei.

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19. Lactobacillus reuteri CCFM1040 Strain with Controlled TMAO Reduction and Enhanced Bifidobacterium Abundance

JIANGSAN UNIV, JIANGSAN UNIVERSITY, 2022

Lactobacillus reuteri CCFM1040 is used for improving the structure of intestinal flora, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and reducing the risk of constipation, enteritis, lactose intolerance, infection, inflammation, allergy, glycolipid metabolic disorder, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The microorganisms are controlled to reduce the level of plasma TMAO by 4.7 times compared with that of the model group, the abundance of the beneficial bacteria, namely the genus Bifidobacterium is improved by 4.7 times compared with that of the model group, the abundance of the beneficial bacteria, namely the genus Bifidobacterium is improved by 4.7 times compared with that of the model group, the abundance of the beneficial bacteria, namely the genus Bifidobacterium is improved by 4.7 times compared with that of the model group, and the risks of constipation, enteritis, lactose intolerance, infection, inflammation, allergy, glycolipid metabolic disorder, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver, type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are further reduced.

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20. Method for Cholesterol Reduction in Food Using Bacillus coagulans with Bile Salts and Acids

SAMI LABS LIMITED, 2022

The method of reducing the cholesterol content in food stuff by probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans, said method comprising step of bringing into contact the prebiotic bacteria, together with bile salts and bile acids, with foods rich in cholesterol, to bring about the reduction and assimilation of cholesterol from the food stuff by the probiotic bacteria. In a related embodiment, the Bacillus coagulans strain is Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856. In another related embodiment, foods rich in cholesterol is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, chicken liver, egg yolk, fish and fish oils, fast foods, animal fats and oil, seafood, processed meat, red meat, cheese, milk fat, butter and confectioneries.

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21. Probiotic Composition Comprising Lactobacillus plantarum TCI507 for Modulating Gene Expression in Cholesterol Metabolism

TCI CO., LTD., 2021

Cholesterol reducing probiotic that can reduce the amount of cholesterol in the body by enhancing gene expression levels of key cholesterol metabolism genes like SCARB1, APOA1 and LDLR. Administering Lactobacillus plantarum TCI507 or its metabolites reduces total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels.

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22. Composition of Bifidobacterium Strains with Plant Sterols and Prebiotic Fibers

PROBIOTICAL S.P.A., 2021

A composition for reducing cholesterol levels using selected strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Bifidobacterium longum. The strains are used in food, medical, or supplement products to treat hypercholesterolemia. The composition may also contain plant sterols, glucomannan, prebiotic fibers, etc.

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23. Probiotic Strains with Enhanced Cholesterol Absorption via High pH Culturing Method

Institute of Biology, BIOSEARCH SA, 2021

Probiotic strains, specifically Lactobacillus reuteri V3401 and Bifidobacterium breve BT820, that have increased cholesterol absorption capacity. The strains can be obtained by culturing them at a pH of 6-9 during their growth phase. This method involves inactivating the cells or culturing them at a higher pH to obtain variants with enhanced cholesterol absorption. The variants can be used in probiotics, foods, and medications to help lower cholesterol levels.

24. Probiotic Composition with Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus acidophilus Exhibiting Enhanced Bile Salt Tolerance and Cholesterol Utilization

ALAND BIOLOGICAL TECH RESEARCH TAIZHOU CO LTD, ALAND BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH TAIZHOU CO LTD, 2021

Bile salt tolerance and cholesterol-lowering probiotic composition containing Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus acidophilus strains. The combination of these strains provides better bile salt tolerance and cholesterol utilization compared to using each strain separately. The probiotic composition can tolerate higher bile salt concentrations and more effectively reduce cholesterol levels in foods, functional foods, and dietary supplements. It can be used to improve cardiovascular health by reducing the risk of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis caused by high cholesterol.

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25. Probiotic Strains with Cholesterol Sequestration Capability in Intestinal Environment

BIOSEARCH, S.A., 2021

Probiotic strains that sequester cholesterol from the intestines and reduce the amount available to be absorbed by the body. It also relates to using these strains to treat conditions like dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome.

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26. Lactobacillus gasseri Strain with Preserved Bacterial Substance and Metabolite Composition

Beijing QuantHealth Technology Co., Ltd., BEIJING QUANTIHEALTH TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2021

Lactobacillus gasseri with a function of preventing and treating hyperlipidemia. The Lactobacillus gasseri is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the bacterial substance and/or metabolite of lactobacillus gasseri as described above to a product base.

27. Compounds and Agents for Modulating Gut Trimethylamine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Levels

The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2021

Treating kidney and cardiovascular disease by reducing trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine-n-oxide (TMAO) levels in the gut. This can be done with compounds like DMB and derivatives, FMO3 inhibitors, gut TMA lyase inhibitors, antibiotics, probiotics, antiplatelets, or TMA/TMAO sequestering agents.

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28. Composition Comprising Lactobacillus plantarum BK-021 Strain with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Cholesterol-Reducing Properties

Bigut Yogurt Co., Ltd., Korea Food Industry Cluster Promotion Agency, 2021

Composition containing the Lactobacillus plantarum BK-021 strain for preventing or treating diabetes and vascular diseases like hypercholesterolemia. The composition uses the strain's α-glucosidase inhibitory effect to lower blood sugar and cholesterol-reducing ability to prevent vascular diseases. Lactobacillus plantarum BK-021 can be used in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and health supplements to prevent or improve diabetes and vascular disorders.

29. Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 Strain with Specific Cytokine Modulation Characteristics

ATOGEN Co., Ltd., Handong University Industry-Academic Cooperation Group, ATOGEN CO LTD, 2021

Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 strain with anti-inflammatory and metabolic disease improving effects, and its use in probiotics, anti-inflammatory compositions, and health foods to combat obesity and related diseases. The strain reduces inflammation by increasing adiponectin and decreasing leptin, MCP-1, IL-1b, and IL-12 expression. It improves metabolic diseases like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The strain, culture, concentrate, and dried form can be used as active ingredients in probiotics, anti-inflammatory compositions, and health foods to target obesity and related diseases.

30. Lactobacillus plantarum 2830 Strain for Modulating Cholesterol Levels

Optibiotix Limited, 2021

Using a specific strain of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria to reduce and control blood cholesterol levels. The strain is Lactobacillus plantarum 2830 (ECGC 13110402). It can be used as a probiotic supplement or in food products. The strain has been shown to lower total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol in clinical trials. Lactobacillus plantarum 2830 is used in treatment and prevention of hypercholesterolemia.

31. Fermentation of Milk Using Lactococcus lactis Strains NRRL B-50571 and NRRL B-50572 for Bioactive Peptide Production

Center for Research in Food and Development, A.C. (CIAD), 2020

Using specific Lactococcus lactis strains NRRL B-50571 and NRRL B-50572 to ferment milk to produce bioactive peptides with antihypertensive, cholesterol-lowering, and antioxidant effects. The fermented milk containing these peptides can be used to create functional foods and supplements for cardiovascular health.

32. Probiotic Formulations Comprising Specific Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Strains

PROVIVA PHARMA INC, 2020

Probiotic formulations for treating metabolic diseases, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. The formulations contain specific strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bacteria: Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221, Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826, and Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 702255. The probiotics can reduce blood glucose, triglycerides, and manage insulin resistance. They also mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress. The formulations can be combined with prebiotics like sanguobao or herbal rasayana blends.

33. Composite Bacterial Agent with Lactobacillus plantarum and Ganoderma lucidum Extracts

Chengdu Liuran Medical Technology Co., Ltd., CHENGDU LIURAN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2020

A composite bacterial agent for cardiovascular health that reduces blood lipids. The agent contains a combination of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus plantarum, and natural compounds like Fructus lucidum (Ganoderma lucidum) and Pseudomonasin A. The bacteria strains are fermented and combined with the fungal extracts to create a supplement that can be taken to lower cholesterol and triglycerides when consumed regularly.

34. Lactobacillus Fermentum JS1 Mutant Strain with Enhanced Thermal and Acidic Tolerance

CHOI BYUNG CHUL, CHOI BYUNG SUN, CHOI JUNG SIK, 2020

Lactobacillus fermentum (Lactobacillus fermentum) JS1 lactic acid bacteria mutant strain capable of survival at high temperature and low pH. The strain has an antioxidant, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory function. The strain is a lactic acid bacteria culture composition which comprises the strain as an active ingredient.

35. Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 Strain with Specific Genetic and Metabolic Characteristics

BEIJING KETUO HENGTONG BIOTECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2020

Strain of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 that can relieve and treat coronary heart disease. This probiotic strain can improve symptoms of angina, lower cholesterol, and reduce inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease. It also alleviates anxiety and depression associated with the condition. The strain can be used in foods, beverages, supplements, and medications to provide a natural approach for managing coronary heart disease.

36. Lactobacillus plantarum Strain with Enhanced Gene Expression for Cholesterol Metabolism

TCI CO., LTD., 2020

Strain of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria that reduces cholesterol and promotes cardiovascular health. The strain increases expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and lowers blood levels of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. A composition containing the Lactobacillus plantarum strain or its metabolites can be administered for reducing cholesterol.

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37. Probiotic Composition with Specific Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Strains

LIU LIJUAN, QI HAIXIN, 2020

Probiotic composition for regulating blood lipids like cholesterol and triglycerides. The composition contains specific strains of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium bacteria. It can be used to prepare drugs and functional foods for reducing blood lipids. The strains are Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The strains are activated and cultured in a specific medium. The composition can be prepared by combining the activated strains in specific proportions.

38. Oral Composition with Bacteria Strain Exhibiting Enhanced Bile Salt Hydrolase Activity

UAS Laboratories LLC, 2020

Oral composition containing a specific bacteria strain that efficiently degrades bile acids. The composition is used to reduce serum cholesterol and lipids, body fat, and atherogenic index or prevent/treat atherosclerosis, cardiovascular, or cerebrovascular diseases. The bacteria strain has high bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, which can metabolize bile acids like glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) into less toxic forms.

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39. Probiotic Composition with Heat-Killed Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 and Variable Amplitude Depth Profile

GenMont Biotech Incorporation, 2019

Probiotic composition made from heat-killed Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 bacteria to prevent or improve hypertension. The composition uses dead bacteria instead of live ones to avoid issues with preservation and sugar content in fermented milk. The dead bacteria lower blood pressure by reducing proinflammatory cytokines like IL-1beta and enhancing beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium. This mechanism is different from the live bacteria's ACE inhibition.

40. Composition Comprising Inactivated Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263

GENMONT BIOTECH INC, GENMONT BIOTECH INCORPORATION, 2019

Lactobacillus reuteri (L.reuteri) GMNL-263 is used to prevent high blood pressure or lowering blood pressure. The composition includes a Lactobacillus Lactobacillus reuteri (L.reuteri) GMNL-263, wherein the Lo Lactobacillus isidii is dead bacteria.

41. Bifidobacterium Strain with Defined Administration Duration

DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, 2019

Bifidobacterium bacteria that can be used to treat cardiovascular disease and related conditions like myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The bacteria are administered for 7-18 days.

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42. Probiotic Compositions Containing Lactobacillus plantarum Strains 2828, 2830, and 2691 with Modified Gut Cholesterol Absorption Properties

OPTIBIOTIX LIMITED, 2019

Probiotic compositions for reducing cholesterol absorption and treating related diseases like high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. The compositions contain specific strains of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria that modify gut cholesterol absorption when consumed. The probiotic strains are L. plantarum 2828, 2830, and 2691. Administering these strains or mutant versions to individuals can help reduce cholesterol levels and treat conditions associated with high cholesterol.

43. Probiotic Composition with Lactobacillus gasseri 7/12, Lactobacillus plantarum F12, and Lactobacillus helveticus A1

LB BULGARICUM PLC, 2019

A multiple bacterial probiotic product containing three strains of lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus gasseri 7/12, Lactobacillus plantarum F12, and Lactobacillus helveticus A1. The product provides multiple health benefits including antioxidant effect, cholesterol reduction, anti-inflammatory immunomodulation, and inhibition of the enzyme involved in hypertension. The strains have properties like high viability in the gut, strong adhesion to intestinal cells, cholesterol reduction, and anti-inflammatory effects.

44. Lactobacillus plantarum Strains CECT 7527, CECT 7528, and CECT 7529 with Enhanced Bile Salt Hydrolase Activity

AB-BIOTICS SA, 2018

Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from human faces that have high cholesterol-lowering activity. The strains, named CECT 7527, CECT 7528, and CECT 7529, can be used as probiotics to reduce blood cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular diseases. They have higher bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity compared to other L. plantarum strains. BSH breaks down bile salts that contribute to cholesterol absorption. Administering these strains as probiotics can improve cholesterol metabolism.

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45. Probiotic Composition Containing Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 with Specific Gene Expression Modulation

Genmont Biotech Inc., 2018

Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 is a probiotic that can decrease blood lipid levels to treat hyperlipidemia and related conditions like cardiovascular disease. The probiotic composition inhibits gene expression related to inflammation and lipid synthesis while promoting gene expression related to cholesterol metabolism.

46. Lactic Acid Bacteria Composition with Specific Strains for Cardiomyocyte Protection

NEW BELLUS ENTERPRISES CO LTD, 2015

Lactic acid bacteria composition for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. The composition contains specific strains of lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus rhamnosus LCR177, Pediococcus acidilactici PA318, and Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Administering this composition can protect cardiomyocytes from apoptosis, reduce fibrosis, and prevent myocardial hypertrophy. It can be used as a pharmaceutical or food composition to mitigate cardiovascular risks.

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