Probiotic Strategies for Treating Gastrointestinal Disorders

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition, which may occur at any age and affects countless people. The search for new treatments for constipation is ongoing as current drug treatments fail to provide fully satisfactory results. In recent years, probiotics have attracted much attention because of their demonstrated therapeutic efficacy and fewer side effects than pharmaceutical products. Many studies attempted to answer the question of how probiotics can alleviate constipation. It has been shown that different probiotic strains can alleviate constipation by different mechanisms. The mechanisms on probiotics in relieving constipation were associated with various aspects, including regulation of the gut microbiota composition, the level of short-chain fatty acids, aquaporin expression levels, neurotransmitters and hormone levels, inflammation, the intestinal environmental metabolic status, neurotrophic factor levels and the body's antioxidant levels. This paper summarizes the perception of the mechanisms on probiotics in relieving constipation and provides some suggestions on... Read More

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Recently, the mounting integration of probiotics into human health strategies has gathered considerable attention. Although the benefits of probiotics have been widely recognized in patients with gastrointestinal disorders, immune system modulation, and chronic-degenerative diseases, there is a growing need to evaluate their potential risks. In this context, new concerns have arisen regarding the safety of probiotics as some strains may have adverse effects in humans. Among these strains,

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Probiotics therapy has garnered significant attention in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, a large number of oral administrated probiotics are inactivated after passing through the gastric acid environment, and their ability to colonize in the intestine is also weak. Herein, this study develops a novel probiotics formulation (GM-EcN) by incorporating

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Background/Objectives: Gastrointestinal functional disorders (GFDs), including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are imbalances in the gutbrain axis characterized by persistence of symptoms in the abdominal area. Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide benefits to the health of their hosts when administered in adequate amounts, while prebiotics are a substrate that is selectively used by host microorganisms. This narrative review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prebiotics and probiotics mostly in irritable bowel syndrome, particularly on issues such as the interaction between these products and the gut microbiota, the duration of supplementation and long-term effects, the definition of ideal dosages, and the regulation and quality control of these products. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in indexed databases and articles published within 10 years before the beginning of the study and publications in English language, which investigated the specific theme of the study were considered. Papers dealing with topics not covered by the research questions, or p... Read More

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: Current treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are relatively futile and the extended use of drugs may reduce effectiveness. Several probiotic strains have shown promise in relieving/treating IBD symptoms.

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Gastrointestinal disorders manifest through disruptions in gastrointestinal functionality accompanied by dysbiosis within the microbiome. Probiotics are considered biological agents with potential therapeutic efficacy in managing gastrointestinal pathologies by modulating the gut microbiota. Nevertheless, several hurdles, such as safety considerations, resilience to stressors, post-colonization quantifications, and evaluative modalities, may impede the adoption of probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders. Herein, we performed online research using 6 databases: Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Ovid. Inclusion criteria were mostly articles published in the years 2015-2024, concerning the association between probiotics and gastrointestinal diseases. This review aimed to provide comprehensive data regarding the latest studies in this area. Additionally, this review delineates the various aspects of probiotic use, including both the positive and negative aspects, as well as the role of probiotics in immune system modulation and the prevention of variou... Read More

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Chronic constipation is a multi-symptomatic, multifactorial, and heterogeneous gastrointestinal disorder. Current pharmacological treatments for chronic constipation are limited and might negatively impact the patients' quality of life. Although probiotics have been shown to improve constipation symptoms, their specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study sought to explore how probiotic complexes may affect chronic constipation by improving patients' defecation habits. Furthermore, microbial profiles and non-targeted metabolites were assessed to explore the metabolic pathways involved in the improvement of constipation by probiotics. Patients with chronic constipation were treated using a single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial design. The experimental group was administered Lactobacillus powder prepared from 15 probiotic products, and maltodextrin was used as a placebo. Samples were collected twice daily for 4 weeks, and faecal samples were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolic histology. Probiotic treatment changed the makeup of the gut... Read More

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Ulcerative colitis (UC), a common gastrointestinal disorder in affluent nations, involves chronic intestinal mucosal inflammation. This research investigated the effects of combined probiotic treatment of

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Patients with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders might benefit from probiotic supplementation to resolve their bowel symptoms and enhance their quality of life (QoL). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of oral probiotic supplementation on improving QoL. Relevant studies were systematically searched in online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar up to September 2022 using relevant keywords. Studies that were conducted on GI patients and presented QoL outcomes were included. The Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Intervention tool were used to assess the risk of bias. Of the 4,555 results found in the systematic search of databases, only 36 studies were eligible for evaluation. According to this systematic review, 24 studies reported improvements, whereas 12 studies reported no improvements on QoL in GI patients supplemented with probiotics. We found that probiotics may improve the QoL of patients with GI diseases and related metabolic complications. Therefore, probiotics can be a us... Read More

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Treatment with probiotics can help manage chronic constipation by softening the stools and possibly acting synergistically with front-line treatments. We assessed the efficacy of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 in maltodextrin as a food supplement in regulating the intestinal habit of subjects with chronic constipation with type 1 or 2 stools on the Bristol scale index and/or less than three stools per week. A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in subjects aged 18 and over with chronic constipation. The study enrolled forty-six subjects who were randomised one-to-one to receive the potential probiotic in maltodextrin (n = 23) or a placebo (n = 23). Investigators assessed changes in intestinal habits by analysing the mean number of weekly stools and the stool types according to the Bristol Scale. Patients reported constipation symptoms with PAC-SYM (patient assessment of constipation - symptoms), and the impact on quality of life with PAC-QoL (patient assessment of constipation - quality of life) and GI-QLI (gastrointe... Read More

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Gut health is widely seen as a critical component of general well-being, affected in large part by the gut microbiome, a complex collection of bacteria that live in the gastrointestinal system. Probiotics, which are live bacteria that provide health benefits when taken in suitable doses, are essential for maintaining and improving gut health. This review looks at how probiotics work, including how they modulate gut microbiota, improve intestinal barrier function, and reduce inflammation. The evidence for the advantages of probiotics in various gastrointestinal conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, is discussed. The paper also discusses problems in probiotic therapy, such as strain-specific effects and optimal dose. Overall, probiotics show great potential in both preventing and treating gastrointestinal illnesses, but more study is needed to enhance treatment methods and better understand individual responses.

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The gastrointestinal tracts are hosts to a wide variety of microorganisms known as intestinal microbiota. This gut microbiome may get disrupted that will influence the human health. Probiotics can restore the balance of gut microbiota by changing its composition and promoting its stability. Objective: This review aims to compile the role of probiotics in maintaining gastrointestinal health based on evidence-based through the modulation of the human gut microbiome. Method: This article is structured based on a literature review method by collecting and reviewing papers published in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Google Scholar. Results: The administration of probiotics have successfully shown evidenced beneficial health effects to prevent or treat for several main these several diseases including diarrhea, lactose intolerance and intestinal bowel diseases. Conclusion: Probiotics have been demonstrated to play key functions in the digestive system and to considerably reduce the symptoms of a variety of illnesses.

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Irritable bowel syndrome is a persistent disturbance of the function of the gastrointestinal tract with a prevalence of about 11.2% in the population at large. While the etiology of the disorder remains unclear, there is mounting evidence that the disturbance of the gut microbiota is at least one contributing factor. This insight resulted in clinical trials investigating the therapeutic effects of products containing probiotic microorganisms. Most studies with IBS patients have evaluated the therapeutic effects of mono- and multi-strain probiotics, but only a few studies have investigated the efficacy of synbiotics (combinations of probiotic bacteria and one or more prebiotic components). This review summarizes the results from eight randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials that investigated the efficacy of synbiotic preparations (three mono-strain and five multi-strain products) in adult IBS patients. While data remain sparse, some of the surveyed clinical trials have demonstrated interesting efficacy results in IBS patients. To allow a judgment of the role played by synbiotic... Read More

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Probiotics play a key role in restoring the normal gut microbiota and improves the gastrointestinal function. Generally, probiotics are pondered to be dietary factors which have an impact on the gut microbiota and to have a monitoring effect on the intestinal flora. The gut-liver axis has a pivotal role in the liver disease pathophysiology. Immunonutrition uses nutritional interventions to produce health-related effects beyond the primary nutrient value and regulate the neuroendocrine immunoinflammatory responses. Few studies are favouring the use of probiotics and immunonutrition in gastrointestinal disease. Still not much evidence-based guidelines pertaining to the uses of immunonutrition and probiotics are available. This article will provide an overview of the current practices and guidelines in the use of probiotics and immunonutrients in gastrointestinal diseases. Keywords Probiotics, Immunonutrition, Gutliver axis, Gut microbiota, Sarcopenia

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal (GI) condition, and changes in the gut microbiota's composition contribute to the development of symptoms. Although the precise mechanisms of probiotic use in the human body are not fully understood, probiotic supplements are believed to reduce symptoms, such as abdominal pain, by regulating neurotransmitters and receptors associated with pain modulation in IBS patients compared to placebo by altering the gut flora. This systematic review aimed to assess the most current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on how probiotic supplementation affects the symptoms in people with IBS. The effects of probiotic supplements on IBS symptoms were studied in RCTs published between January 2018 and June 2023. After a search through PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords probiotics, gut microbiota, irritable bowel syndrome, and IBS; eight articles matched the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Four trials used a multistrain probiotic, whereas the remaining four trials examined the effects of a monostrain supplement. Al... Read More

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As our understanding of the intricate interaction between gut bacteria and human health continues to expand, so too has interest in the ability of probiotics to manage gut microbiota and confer multiple health benefits to the host. The mini literature review focuses on the expanding potential of the use of probiotics in GI health, with a focus on probiotics' potential therapeutic advantages in a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses. Probiotics play a significant role in managing diarrhea and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) by modulating gut microbial communities. Specific probiotic strains have been found to reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria, regulate inflammatory markers like interleukin 6, and improve GI symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and stool consistency. Additionally, probiotic blends have shown potential for preventing GI infections and alleviating GI pain in IBS-D patients. Studies have demonstrated that certain multi-strain probiotics, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species, can significantly increase the frequency o... Read More

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The article presents literature data on the relationship of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with its microbiota in acute intestinal infections, as well as information on various beneficial properties of the probiotic microorganism Lactobacillus reuteri, including antagonistic effects on pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The clinical and laboratory effectiveness of the use of a probiotic containing the Lactobacillus reuteri B-9448 strain in children with acute infectious gastroenteritis hospitalized. It was found that patients who received this probiotic in complex therapy spent significantly fewer bed days in the hospital compared to children who were not prescribed probiotic. At the same time, no undesirable side effects were registered in the group of patients treated with Lactobacillus reuteri B-9448, which indicates its safety.

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The complex role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders is an emerging area of research, and there is considerable interest in understanding how diet can alter the composition and function of the microbiome. Prebiotics and probiotics have been shown to beneficially modulate the gut microbiome, which underlies their potential for benefit in GI conditions. Formulating specific recommendations for the public regarding these dietary supplements has been difficult due to the significant heterogeneity between strains, doses, and duration of treatment investigated across studies, as well as safety concerns with administering live organisms. This review aims to summarize the existing evidence for the use of prebiotics and probiotics in various GI disorders, paying special attention to strain-specific effects that emerged and any adverse effects noted.

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Personalized probiotic regimens, taking into account individual characteristics such as stool patterns, have the potential to alleviate gastrointestinal disorders and improve gut health while avoiding the variability exhibited among individuals by conventional probiotics. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of personalized probiotic interventions in managing distinct stool patterns (constipation and diarrhea) by investigating their impact on the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal symptoms using a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial design. This research leverages the multi-strain probiotic formulas, Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome, which have previously demonstrated efficacy in alleviating constipation and diarrhea symptoms, respectively. Improvement in clinical symptoms improvement and compositional changes in the gut microbiome were analyzed in participants with predominant constipation or diarrhea symptoms. Results indicate that tailored probiotics could improve constipation and diarrhea by promoting

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The current review explores the intricate mechanism and diverse therapeutic applications of prebiotics and probiotics in promoting gastrointestinal health. Prebiotics, nondigestible compounds, foster the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, while probiotics, live microorganisms directly contribute to the microbial balance. Therapeutically, these agents have demonstrated efficacy in treating and preventing various gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome diseases, and antibioticassociated diarrhoea. Additionally, their impact extends beyond the gut, influencing systemic conditions such as metabolic syndrome and mental health. Understanding the intricate interplay between prebiotics, probiotics, and the host provides insights into developing targeted interventions for personalized healthcare. This review highlights the evolving landscape of prebiotic and probiotic research, emphasizing their potential as innovative therapeutic tools for a range of health conditions. Keywords: Prebiotics, probiotics, gastrointestinal health, therapeutic ap... Read More

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Probiotics are known to promote human health either precautionary in healthy individuals or therapeutically in patients suffering from certain ailments. Although this knowledge was empirical in past tomes, modern science has already verified it and expanded it to new limits. These microorganisms can be found in nature in various foods such as dairy products or in supplements formulated for clinical or preventive use. The current review examines the different mechanisms of action of the probiotic strains and how they interact with the organism of the host. Emphasis is put on the clinical therapeutic use of these beneficial microorganisms in various clinical conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and particularly any malfunction and inflammation of the intestines seriously compromise the health of the whole organism. The interaction between the probiotic strains and the hosts microbiota can alleviate the clinical signs and symptoms while in some cases, in due course, it can intervene in the underlying pathology. Various safety issues of ... Read More

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The objective of this Special Issue entitled Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Gut Symbiosis is to publish reviews, clinical trials and experimental studies that focus on probiotics and prebiotics that have a role in influencing disease and promoting gastrointestinal and overall health [...]

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A recent meta-analysis suggests that probiotic supplementation is moderately efficacious in decreasing intestinal transit times compared with control, demonstrating probiotics' potential for treating chronic idiopathic constipation. This decrease in intestinal transit times has been proposed to be attributed to the capacity of probiotics to alter the gastrointestinal microflora, improve intestinal motility, and alter biochemical factors. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the effectiveness of probiotics in patients with constipation. The search was performed using PubMed, PMC, and Medline databases. Relevant data were extracted and assessed for quality using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool for randomized clinical trials (RCTs). A random effects model and the I2 statistic were used to estimate the pooled prevalence and explore heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the experimental group and the placebo group. Sensitivity analysis was performed, and publication bias was explored. Our meta-analysis assessed probiotics... Read More

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To the Editor: Probiotics are a promising treatment modality for functional constipation (FC); however, the factors affecting individual responses to probiotics remain unclear. Growing evidence has identified that there is a strong relationship among the gut microbiota and constipation and related gutbrain axis.[1] The gut microbiota may modulate the gut functions via gut metabolites or trigger the release of gut hormones, such as peptide YY, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and 5-hydroxytryptamine.[2] In turn, gut hormones affect gut secretion, motility, and sensation through their receptors located on epithelial, enteric, and smooth muscle cells.[2] Based on these findings, exogenous probiotics have been used in patients with constipation; however, few have produced consistent results.[3] In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of several specific probiotics strains for constipation, and also examined the potential reasons for the individualized effects of probiotics, which may facilitate interventional decision-making for FC patients. This real-world, retrospective ... Read More

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There are wide-ranging probiotic choices in Australasia. We reviewed the efficacy of probiotics for the management of gastrointestinal (GI) conditions in adults and assessed relevance to clinical practice. The benefits of probiotics were inconsistent, with a strong consensus reached for only a few of the indications. As different species/strains and combinations differ in efficacy, results cannot be extrapolated from one to another. This review endorses specific probiotics for limited indications. Efficacy of most marketed probiotic formulations remains unstudied and unproven, warranting further research.

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Probiotics, living microorganisms with demonstrated health benefits when administered in sufficient quantities, have a rich history as dietary supplements to benefit human health. Recently, understanding of their mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract has prompted exploration of probiotics in treating human diseases. However, the effective and precise delivery of probiotics remains a significant challenge in therapeutic applications. Here, we review the mechanisms of action of probiotics in human health and the most advanced strategies for efficient probiotic delivery. We also discuss the potential applications of engineered probiotics in disease treatment. This review contributes insights into the evolving landscape of probiotic research for therapeutic applications.

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Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common digestive system diseases in children, which can severely affect the growth and development of infants and toddlers. Probiotics therapy, as a relatively safe treatment method, have attracted the attention of researchers. However, their effectiveness in treating FGIDs in infants and toddlers is still unclear. This article reviews the mechanisms of probiotics in treating FGIDs in infants and toddlers, explores the reasons for the inconsistency in various research results, and aims to provide assistance for the clinical treatment of FGIDs in infants and toddlers and future research.

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A sophisticated microbiome has colonized the human gastrointestinal tract. In addition to being symbiotic, intestinal bacteria coevolve with their host in a process known as synbiotic coevolution. By inhibiting the growth of deadly bacteria and encouraging the growth of beneficial species, synbiotics are thought to have a stimulating impact. Synbiotics are a mix of prebiotics and probiotics. Research has proven synbiotics can be effectively used in treatment of gastrointestinal disorders (GI) like irritable bowel syndrome-IBS, inflammatory bowel disease-IBD, and diarrhea. Synbiotics also effectively enhances the survival of the probiotic bacteria during their passage through the upper intestinal tract. Synbiotics' health advantages have been the topic of substantial investigation in recent decades. The present chapter hovers on how effectively synbiotics are used as therapy for treating gastrointestinal disorders with the aid of documented literatures and also emphasizes the thriving future prospects in the arena of synbiotics.

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Abstract This article describes the concept of probiotics for patients with irritable bowel syndrome to target functionally active bacteria predominantly belonging to the Clostridia and Bacteroidia, which play a key role in maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota.

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<h3>Background</h3> <i>Bacillus clausii</i> possesses profound probiotic potential to alleviate gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, promote gut health, and fortify immune function. There is increasing interest in exploiting these beneficial properties beyond treating GI ailments. Therefore, this scoping review aims to investigate the potential of <i>B. clausii</i> as a probiotic in managing medical conditions in humans. <h3>Methods</h3> The systematic literature search was executed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across four databases: Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus, using the search terms 'probiotics AND <i>bacillus</i> AND <i>clausii</i>' AND 'human OR gut.' English original articles published from 2019 to 2024 on clinical studies utilizing <i>B. clausii</i> intervention were included, while animal and <i>in-vitro</i> studies were excluded. <h3>Results</h3> IDDF2024-ABS-0349-Figure 1 illustrates the study selection and the effects of <i>B. clausii</i> supplementation.10 out of 13 studies reported the benefits of <i>B. clausii</i> supplementation in GI disorders: (i) imp... Read More

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Active drugs and nutraceutical supplements commonly induce various gastrointestinal illnesses, and constipation is a major gastrointestinal symptom accompanied with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Drug-induced imbalance in gut microbiota may play critical role in such physiological disturbances. Probiotics have been known for resuming normal and healthy gut microbiome.

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and has been linked to an imbalance in gut bacteria. Synbiotics, which combine probiotics and prebiotics, are emerging as potential IBD treatments.

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Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal condition that significantly affects patients' physical and mental well-being, yet current treatments often lack safety and efficacy. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MBGA) in managing constipation, paving the way for probiotics as an adjuvant treatment to improve constipation symptoms. In this study, we isolated a gut probiotic strain,

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Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many GI diseases are associated with alterations of gut microbiota composition, including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Probiotics are live microorganisms, which can improve the microbial balance of the host when ingested, by modulating the gut microbiome composition. As a consequence, probiotics represent an increasingly researched topic, due to their ability to influence the mucosal adhesion of pathogenic microorganisms. They can restore the integrity of the inflamed intestinal barrier and diminish the inflammatory response. H. pylori infection of the stomach may impact microbiota in other segments of the GI tract, therefore one can consider probiotics properties to inhibit the overgrowth of H. pylori. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most frequent functional GI conditions, may benefit from probiotic administration, according to some evidence. Moreover, the treatment of IBDs is difficult and current the... Read More

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<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background &amp; Aims:</bold> Constipation is a disorder affecting the quality of life of patients, and symptoms following current treatments still need to be improved. Although probiotics treat constipation, the efficacy and safety of this therapy remain controversial. This a randomized, double-blind, placebo-dense controlled trialaimed to investigate the clinical impact of the probiotic bacterium Lacticaseibacillus<italic> paracasei</italic> 207-27 on chronic constipation. <bold>Methods</bold>: We recruited 80 patients aged 1865 with chronic constipation and divided them into probiotic (<italic>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</italic> 207-27) and placebo (maltodextrin) groups. The participants were treated twice daily for 4 weeks, and stool samples and questionnaires were collected before and after treatment. The 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics data were analyzed. <bold>Results</bold>: Bowel movements, total short-chain fatty acid, and propionic acid were significantly improved in the probiotic group compared with in the placebo (control)... Read More

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Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common, difficult-to-manage conditions. Probiotics are emerging as a dietary component that influence gastrointestinal (GI) health. We conducted a double-blinded randomised controlled trial of a proprietary strain of deactivated Bacillus subtilis (BG01-4) high in branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) to treat self-reported FGID. Methods: Participants (n = 67) completed a four-week intervention of BG01-4 (n = 34) or placebo (n = 33). The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) served as the outcome measure, collected prior to, at two weeks, and at four weeks after completion of the intervention. Results: At four weeks, one of three primary outcomes, constipation in the experimental group, was improved by 33% compared to placebo (15%); both other primary outcomes, Total GSRS and diarrhoea, were significantly improved in both the experimental and placebo groups (32%/26% and 20%/22%, respectively). The pre-planned secondary outcome, indigestion, was improved at four weeks (32%) but compared to the placebo (21%) was not sign... Read More

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After consumption, probiotics provide health benefits to the host. Probiotics and their metabolites have therapeutic and nutritional properties that help to alleviate gastrointestinal, neurological, and cardiovascular problems. Probiotics strengthen host immunity through various mechanisms, including improved gut barrier function, receptor site blocking, competitive exclusion of pathogens, and the production of bioactive molecules. Emerging evidence suggests that intestinal bowel diseases can be fatal, but regular probiotic consumption can alleviate disease symptoms. The use and detailed description of the health benefits of probiotics to consumers in terms of reducing intestinal infection, inflammation, and digestive disorders are discussed in this review. The well-designed and controlled studies that examined the use of probiotics to reduce life-threatening activities caused by intestinal bowel diseases are also covered. This review discussed the active principles and potency of probiotics as evidenced by the known effects on host health, in addition to providing information on the... Read More

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Objective Our aim was to determine the efficacy of four-week probiotic supplementation on gastrointestinal health. The secondary objectives were to assess probiotic effects on immune reaction, as well as weight control and metabolic health. Methods We conducted two randomized sub-trials, respectively, among subjects who were diagnosed with functional constipation (FC) or functional diarrhea (FDr) according to the Rome IV criteria. In each sub-trial, 70 eligible Chinese adults were randomized to receive a multi-strain probiotic combination or a placebo. Gastrointestinal symptoms, defecation habits, stool characteristics, blood and fecal biochemistry markers, anthropometrics measures, stress-associated responses, and intestinal flora changes were assessed at baseline and after probiotics intervention. Results Four weeks of probiotic supplementation reduced overall gastrointestinal symptoms scores in FC participants ( p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Their mean weekly stool frequency increased from 3.3 times to 6.2 times; immune response and inflammation markers improved with increases in serum IgA,... Read More

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Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) in infants and children, especially those categorized as functional GIDs (FGIDs), insufficient knowledge about their pathophysiology has limited both symptomatic diagnosis and the development of optimal therapies. Recent advances in the field of probiotics have made their potential use as an interesting therapeutic and preventive strategy against these disorders possible, but further efforts are still needed. In fact, there is great controversy surrounding this topic, generated by the high variety of potential probiotics strains with plausible therapeutic utility, the lack of consensus in their use as well as the few comparative studies available on probiotics that record their efficacy. Taking into account these limitations, and in the absence of clear guidelines about the dose and timeframe for successful probiotic therapy, our review aimed to evaluate current studies on potential use of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of the most common FGIDs and GIDs in the pediatric population. Furthermore, matters refe... Read More

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Todays perceived excess of work versus rest and excessive stressful situations are one of the potential factors for an increasing number of gastrointestinal disorders. Although the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) varies widely, it is assumed that up to 15% of the general population may be affected. Symptoms resulting from IBS take the form of pain, including difficulties with bowel movements, bloating, and a feeling of overflowing in the intestines. These symptoms have a negative impact on patients quality of life, so any possible intervention supported by Evidence-Based Medicine should effectively contribute to their improvement. In the following review, the authors compile the current knowledge based on the findings of researchers from around the world. The topic of probiotic therapy is increasingly discussed in the field of lower gastrointestinal disorders, and thus the authors discover links between probiotic strains and the improvement of health quality in patients with IBS, taking into consideration the ways it affects patients mental health. As a result, a syst... Read More

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Probiotics are live microorganisms beneficial to health, which can be used as food supplements or added to foods such as yogurt and fermented milk.Probiotics are classified into different types, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, and act in different ways, such as colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, modulating the intestinal microbiota and stimulating the immune system.Probiotics have been widely studied in relation to their use in the treatment of several syndromes, such as acute and chronic diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.In acute diarrhea, probiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea and decreasing the number of bowel movements.In chronic diarrhea, probiotics have also shown positive effects in reducing symptoms and improving patients' quality of life.In irritable bowel syndrome, probiotics have been studied as a promising alternative to conventional treatment, due to their ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota and reduce inflammation.In celiac disease, probioti... Read More

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Crohns disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract affecting millions of patients worldwide. The gut microbiome partly determines the pathogenesis of both diseases. Even though probiotics have been widely used as a potential treatment, their efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission is still controversial. Our study aims to review the present-day literature about the possible role of probiotics in treating inflammatory bowel diseases in adults. This research was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We included studies concerning adult patients who compared probiotics with placebo or non-probiotic intervention. We identified thirty-three studies, including 2713 patients from fourteen countries. The role of probiotics in Crohns disease was examined in eleven studies. Only four studies presented statistically significant results in the remission of disease, primarily when used for three to six months. On the other hand, in twenty-one out of tw... Read More

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Gastrointestinal disorders are very common leading to significant use of medications that affect the gut. This article reviews over-the-counter and prescription medications that have indications for common gastrointestinal disorders including gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, diarrhea, and peptic-ulcer disease. This article also discusses the benefits of probiotics in treating gut related disorders.

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Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract cause symptoms that can have a significant impact on the quality of life. Maintaining an intact intestinal barrier is essential for preventing and treating these conditions. Initial studies show promising results regarding the synergistic effect of a combination of probiotic bacteria and plant extracts.

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Modulating the gut microbiota with probiotics has been identified as a promising therapeutic method for the management of gastrointestinal illnesses. The effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders can only be determined by delving into their underlying mechanisms of action. Through an analysis of the underlying processes, this study hopes to provide light on the potential benefits of probiotics for treating a variety of gastrointestinal conditions. The study covers a wide variety of gastrointestinal conditions, such as IBS, IBD, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Modifying the gut microbiota composition, strengthening the gut barrier function, modulating the immune system, and producing beneficial metabolites are among mechanisms of action that have been investigated. The strain- and dose-specific variables essential to getting the best treatment results are also highlighted. This review, which synthesizes the current information, gives a thorough overview of the effectiveness of probiotics in treating a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses and illum... Read More

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Probiotics have been widely used in gastroenteritis due to acute and chronic illnesses. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of probiotics in different health conditions are inconclusive and conflicting. The aim of the study was to review existing literature on the effects of probiotics in gastroenteritis among adults. Only original articles on clinical trials that demonstrated the effects of probiotics in adults with gastroenteritis were used for this analysis. Multiple databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched for the data. The study followed standard procedures for data extraction using PRISMA flow chart. A quality appraisal of the selected studies was conducted using CADIMA. Finally, a meta-analysis was conducted. Thirty-five articles met the selection criteria; of them, probiotics were found effective in the treatment and/or prevention of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease in 17 (49%), and the treatment of pouchitis in 4 (11.4%), antibiotic-induced diarrhea in 3 (8.6%), He... Read More

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The significant strides made in interconnected associations between probiotics and human health have paved the way for remarkable advancements in probiotic functional foods. Probiotic foods play a pivotal role in functional food sector as leading components. In order to safeguard viability of delicate probiotics in face of various adverse conditions, there has been a surge in the development of delivery systems for probiotics. Probiotic organisms are widely recognized for their numerous health-promoting abilities. As a result, probiotics have gained significant popularity as a viable method for improving digestive and immune health. Medical professionals are increasingly recommending probiotics as effective therapeutic interventions for various health conditions. The intricate communities of microorganisms that inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract have a vital role to play in maintaining human health. Researchers have reached a consensus on the definition of probiotics and have made significant strides in comprehending their mechanisms of action. Probiotic bacteria are living non... Read More

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Probiotics are frequently consumed as functional food and widely used as dietary supplements, but are also recommended in treating or preventing various gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, their co-administration with other drugs is sometimes unavoidable or even compulsory. Recent technological developments in the pharmaceutical industry permitted the development of novel drug-delivery systems for probiotics, allowing their addition to the therapy of severely ill patients. Literature data regarding the changes that probiotics could impose on the efficacy or safety of chronic medication is scarce. In this context, the present paper aims to review probiotics currently recommended by the international medical community, to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiota and various pathologies with high impact worldwide and, most importantly, to assess the literature reports concerning the ability of probiotics to influence the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of some widely used drugs, especially for those with narrow therapeutic indexes. A better understanding of the potential inf... Read More

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Probiotic enriched dairy products are widely consumed in Western countries for their beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract and overall health.

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Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose pathogenesis involves disturbances of the gastrointestinal microbiota.As the prevalence of CD increases, the need for a more effective and safe treatment is integral.Probiotics have been reported to be beneficial for numerous gastrointestinal diseases, providing health benefits and considering the microbial characteristics of CD's pathogenesis.However, our knowledge of the efficacy of probiotic therapy in preventing relapse in CD is limited.How gastroenterologists have incorporated probiotics into their practice or probiotics observed implications for patients with CD has not been assessed.A quantitative survey was distributed to determine how gastroenterologists perceive and use probiotic-based therapies in CD practice.The second objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of the efficacy of probiotics for maintaining remission and preventing clinical and endoscopic relapse in CD.Performing a meta-analysis and survey will examine the role of probiotics in CD treatment.Surveyed gastroenterologists cited that probiotics have an... Read More

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