Lubricant for Improved Fuel Efficiency

Lubricating oil compositions containing ionic liquids with Group 6 metal mononuclear metallate anions for improved anti-wear and anti-friction properties. The ionic liquids have cations like quaternary phosphonium, sulfonium, or ammonium, and anions with at least one metal sulfide bond. They can be used in lubricating oils for engine and machinery lubrication to reduce wear and friction compared to conventional additives like MoDTC. The ionic liquids can be combined with base oils and other additives to form lubricating oil compositions.

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Engine lubricating oil compositions that achieve both improved piston cleanliness and fuel economy in diesel engines. The compositions comprise a base oil with a viscosity index of less than 5.4 cSt at 100°C, a detergent system with a total base number (TBN) of at least 4 mg KOH/g, and a poly(meth)acrylate copolymer. The detergent system includes overbased calcium or magnesium sulfonates, and the poly(meth)acrylate copolymer has a select viscosity index and molecular weight. The compositions exhibit improved piston cleanliness in the CEC L-117-20 (VW TDi3) test and a fuel economy improvement of at least 0.5% in the JASO M 366 test.

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A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that achieves both excellent Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) suppression and fuel saving performance. The composition comprises a lubricating base oil and a metal-based detergent containing a calcium-based detergent with a specific boron-to-calcium ratio and a magnesium-based detergent within defined concentration ranges. The boron-to-calcium ratio in the calcium-based detergent is critical to achieving both LSPI suppression and fuel saving performance.

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Fuel additive made from natural materials that improves combustion and reduces fuel consumption and emissions in vehicles and boilers. The additive comprises a composition comprising water, mineral salts, a polyol compound, an alcohol, and a surfactant. The composition is derived from natural sources, particularly mineral salts from phosphate and alum sources, and is added to conventional fuels at concentrations of 0.1-0.2% w/w. The additive enhances combustion performance while maintaining fuel properties.

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Lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines with improved fuel efficiency, comprising a lubricating base oil, magnesium salicylate, calcium salicylate, and a molybdenum-based friction modifier, optionally including anti-wear agents, antioxidants, and dispersants.

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Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines that reduce abnormal combustion events such as knock, pre-ignition, and low-speed pre-ignition. The compositions contain high levels of abnormal combustion event inhibitors, including phosphorus, boron, molybdenum, and silicon compounds, and optionally low or no levels of promoters such as calcium and sodium compounds. The compositions can be used with conventional fuels, e-fuels, hydrogen, and co-blended fuels containing abnormal combustion event promoters.

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Lubricating oil composition for reducing Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) events in direct injection-spark ignition engines, comprising a base oil, a calcium-containing detergent providing a calcium content of at least 0.08 wt.%, and a silicon-containing additive providing a silicon content of at least 12 ppm by weight. The composition can be used to lubricate the crankcase of the engine, reducing the occurrence of LSPI events.

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A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that combines multiple molybdenum-based friction modifiers to achieve improved friction reduction while maintaining high-temperature detergency, oxidation stability, and copper corrosion resistance. The composition includes a base oil, a specific combination of molybdenum-based friction modifiers, a metal-based detergent, and an ash-free dispersant, with a carefully controlled acid value and sulfur-to-nitrogen ratio.

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Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines that exhibit improved oxidation, wear, and anti-corrosion characteristics. The compositions comprise a blend of base oil and additives, including a functionalized olefin copolymer, a detergent, and an antioxidant, that provide enhanced performance in spark-ignited and compression-ignited engines. The compositions have a sulfated ash content of 0.9 mass % or less, a Mack T-11 final soot viscosity of 10% or more, and a total base number of 5 to 30 mg KOH/g.

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Automobile engines require lubrication to lessen the impact of friction due to the high levels of wear and frictional heat generated by the sliding parts. Wear and friction will cause engine parts to endure for less time, be less reliable, and require more maintenance. Diesel fuel can potentially be replaced with biodiesel among other fuels. Diesel engines have a serious problem with equipment that is lubricated by the fuel itself. This studys goal is to assess the influence of bio-additives on the diesel fuel tribological behavior and energy balance during the cars idle running, acceleration, constant speed, and braking. Lubricity issues with reformulated diesel and lubricity test procedures are explained. The relationship between tribology and bio-additives is also briefly illustrated. According to the literature, adding bio-additives to fuel boosts its lubricity. Biodiesel has long been considered an additive with excellent lubricant properties. Even in small amounts, adding biodiesel to diesel fuel can increase its lubricity without the need for conventional lubricity additives... Read More

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A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that achieves both low viscosity and excellent lubricity. The composition comprises a base oil, an organic molybdenum compound, and a calcium-based detergent, with a specific ratio of molybdenum to detergent-derived soap bases. This unique combination enables the formation of a robust oil film that maintains lubricity even at low viscosities, thereby reducing friction and wear in engine components.

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The development of environmentally friendly and cost-effective lubricating materials to reduce friction and wear at macroscale is crucial for reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, thereby enhancing sustainability. Deep eutectic...

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Lubricants are used to reduce friction and wear in machines, saving billions of dollars worldwide in energy and breakdown costs and lowering CO2 emissions. Today, most lubricants are made using hydrocarbons derived from crude oil, which is a finite resource, although alternative bio-based lubricants are also being investigated, as is the re-refining of used lubricants to make new base oil. The machines. It is also shown that an effective way to make lubricants more sustainable is to extend lubricant oil drain intervals and collect used oil and re-refine it to make base oil for re-use. The role of bio-based lubricants, and their benefits and disadvantages are discussed. Other aspects in which lubricants can be made more sustainable are also briefly covered, such as lubricant packaging, the removal of toxic additives via improved regulatory chemistry, and the use of renewable electricity in blending plants.

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The two-stroke engine has many advantages, including low maintenance costs, a high specific power, and a simple structure, compared to four-stroke engines. Since two-stroke engines use a fueloil mixture instead of fuel alone, two-stroke engines do not need an oil pan. Unlike the lubrication system in four-stroke engines, the moving parts are lubricated with a fuellubricant mixture. As long as the engine is running, the fuel and lubricant burn together. The combustion of this fuellubricant mixture can adversely affect exhaust emissions and cause excessive carbon deposits on the spark plug. In this paper, experiments were carried out using different amounts of oil (100:3, 100:3.5, and 100:4 vol.) in a two-stroke gasoline-powered generator. In addition, we attempted to improve the lubricants properties by adding hBN (0.5% vol. or 1.3% wt.) to the lubricant. It was observed that the flash point and pour point did not change as a result of the addition of hBN to the lubricant, and the density and viscosity index increased linearly depending on the amount of hBN. In a series of experim... Read More

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A lubricating oil composition for hybrid vehicles that maintains emulsion stability in the engine by forming a stable emulsion with water and fuel contamination. The composition comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, a minor amount of a magnesium-containing detergent, and a minor amount of a borated dispersant. The magnesium-containing detergent is preferably a C14-C18 magnesium salicylate with a TBN of 345 mg KOH/g, and the borated dispersant is preferably a borated polyisobutylene succinimide. The composition is formulated to meet the modified ASTM D7563 test for emulsion stability in hybrid engines.

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The urgent need for drastic reduction in emissions due to global warming demands a radical energy transition in transportation. The role of biofuels is fundamental to bridging the current situation towards a clean and sustainable future. In passenger cars, the use of ethanol fuel reduces gas emissions (CO2 and other harmful gases), but can bring tribological challenges to the engine. This review addresses the current state-of-the-art on the effects of ethanol fuel on friction, lubrication, and wear in car engines, and identifies knowledge gaps and trends in lubricants for ethanol-fuelled engines. This review shows that ethanol affects friction and wear in many ways, for example, by reducing lubricant viscosity, which on the one hand can reduce shear losses under full film lubrication, but on the other can increase asperity contact under mixed lubrication. Therefore, ethanol can either reduce or increase engine friction depending on the driving conditions, engine temperature, amount of diluted ethanol in the lubricant, lubricant type, etc. Ethanol increases corrosion and affects tribo... Read More

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Low viscosity engine oil lubricant compositions that provide improved fuel efficiency and engine wear protection while maintaining low oil consumption over a broad temperature range. The compositions comprise a low viscosity and low volatility base oil that exhibits unexpectedly low evaporation rate compared to conventional base oil combinations with similar Noack levels. The engine oil lubricant compositions are particularly suitable for use in direct injection engines, gasoline engines, and diesel engines, and are particularly effective as OW-4, 0W-8, OW-12, and OW-16 viscosity grade engine oils.

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Lubricating oil composition for reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) events in turbocharged gasoline direct-injection engines, comprising a base oil and an additive composition prepared by mixing a calcium-containing detergent and a silicon-containing compound. The composition provides a significant reduction in LSPI events while maintaining corrosion protection and storage stability.

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A lubricating oil composition for gasoline engines that achieves high fuel efficiency while maintaining low friction and wear characteristics across a wide temperature range. The composition contains a base oil, metal-based detergents, and a combination of amine-based, ether-based, and ester-based friction modifiers. The molybdenum dithiocarbamate content is optimized to balance friction reduction and base number retention. The composition exhibits improved fuel efficiency, reduced friction, and enhanced wear protection compared to conventional lubricating oils.

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Fuel composition comprising a lubricity additive comprising at least 6% by weight of sterols and/or sterol esters and 70-94% by weight of free fatty acids, obtained by physical refining of vegetable or animal oils without alkaline treatment. The additive is derived from biomass and exhibits improved lubricity properties in diesel and gasoline fuels.

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Lubricating compositions for marine and stationary engines that reduce fuel consumption while maintaining engine cleanliness. The compositions contain a specific hydrogenated and linear styrene/butadiene copolymer. This copolymer, when used in engine lubricants, provides fuel savings compared to traditional lubricants. The compositions also contain base oils, dispersants, and optional additives. The copolymer improves fuel economy without sacrificing engine cleanliness, making it ideal for marine and stationary engines where fuel savings are important.

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This article discusses the influence of lubricating properties of motor oils on the operation of engine parts. The quality of engine oils, especially lubricating indicators significantly affect the reliability of the engine, fuel consumption and other parameters. Therefore, high-quality selection and application of motor oils is very important.

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A method for producing renewable hydrocarbon products, including base oils for lubricants, from triglyceride feedstocks. The method involves acidification to produce free fatty acids and glycerol, separation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, ethenolysis to produce alpha olefins and short-chain unsaturated fatty acids, and glycerolysis to produce acyl-glycerides. The resulting products can be combined to form high-performance lubricants that meet or exceed API certifications.

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Due to the current devastating environmental concerns caused by petroleum-derived lubricants in internal combustion (IC) engines (because of their toxicity, non-biodegradability and not environmental adaptability), and the increase in oil prices, as well as the degradation of the global crude oil reserves, researchers all over the world are working to develop innovative ideas for sustainable development in biomass-derived biodegradable lubricant oil which the perform equivalent or more than the commercial petroleum-based oils in engine lubrication. This review papers major purpose is to provide those researchers and particularly engineers interested in IC engine biolubricant oil derived from renewable biomass with appropriate information and perspective.

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Lubricating compositions for gasoline engines that improve cleanliness, TBN retention, fuel economy, and low-speed preignition. The compositions contain a Group III base oil, a boron-containing dispersant, a boron-free dispersant, overbased magnesium and calcium detergents, and a molybdenum-containing material. The formulation provides enhanced performance in modern engines by addressing key challenges such as cleanliness, TBN retention, fuel economy, and low-speed preignition.

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Lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that reduces Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) and improves fuel efficiency. The composition comprises a lubricating base oil, magnesium salicylate as the sole metal-based detergent, and a specific HTHS viscosity range of 1.6-2.0 mPa·s at 150°C. The magnesium salicylate is effective in reducing LSPI while maintaining detergency and neutralization performance.

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Lubricating oil composition with low sulfated ash content for use in internal combustion engines, comprising a major amount of lubricating oil, one or more alkaline earth metal detergents, one or more nitrogen-containing dispersants, and up to 0.10 wt% zinc from zinc dithiophosphate. The composition has a sulfur content of up to 0.10 wt% and a sulfated ash content of up to 0.30 wt%, with a nitrogen-to-alkaline earth metal ratio of 20 or greater.

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A friction reduction additive composition for lubricants that combines a molybdenum-based friction modifier with a fatty acid alkanolamide. The composition provides exceptional durability and long-term friction reduction performance, particularly when used in combination with conventional molybdenum-based friction modifiers. The alkanolamide component enhances the friction reduction activity of the molybdenum-based additive by forming a dynamic chemisorption self-assembly friction reduction layer that complements the molybdenum disulfide tribofilm. This synergistic effect enables the composition to maintain its friction reduction performance over an extended period, even under high-temperature conditions.

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Copolymers comprising isobutene and vinyl compounds bearing nitrogen-containing heterocycles are used as fuel additives to control injector deposits in direct injection spark ignition engines. The copolymers are prepared by polymerizing isobutene with vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyridine, N-vinylmorpholine, and allylamines, and are used in combination with conventional fuel additives to improve engine cleanliness and fuel economy.

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In internal combustion engines, studies of the effects of fuel adulteration focus on problems that occur in the fuel system and pollutants, but little attention is paid to lubricants. Some of these research studies are focused on detecting adulteration rather than the impact of this tampering on the internal combustion engine and lubricant degradation. This work evaluates, in addition to the problems in the supply system, the early degradation of the lubricant from the physical and chemical changes it undergoes when using adulterated gasoline in an internal combustion engine. For that, a 160cc Honda stationary engine mounted on a bench and connected to an alternator through a transmission belt was used. Fuels adulterated with ethanol, kerosene, and thinner were used in proportions of 5, 10, 15, and 20%. The cycles were 40 h each, which is equivalent to approximately 2000 km covered. To measure the engine time and rotation, a tachometer/hourmeter was used, where the time of each cycle was recorded. Particle quantifier analysis (PQA) tests and infrared spectrometry (sulfation, nitridin... Read More

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Lubricating engine oil composition for a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine. The composition includes a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one silane-containing compound as a minor component.

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The scientific literature allows us to demonstrate the characteristics of high lubricity of biodiesel (particularly B100 from palm), which as a bio-fuel, can fulfill the function of bio-lubricant (B100 = 3 Ester); even surpassing motor oils in some respects (Synthetic Base = 2 Ester). Once its characteristics have been reviewed, we can affirm that it is possible to use B100 as a Bio-Lubricant in Diesel internal combustion engines, but also in spark-ignition engines. A comparison is made between commercial synthetic esters and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) designated B100. In the same context, we describe a procedure and a device designed to use B100 in diesel engines, not only as Bio-Fuel, but also as Bio-Lubricant, for both functions, successively and simultaneously, called Bio-Circular Engine; so: in Stage 1; biodiesel is taken from the fuel tank (B100) to the engine crankcase (previously filtered), where it will fulfill its first function as Bio-Lubricant. In Stage 2; the same B100 is conducted from the same crankcase to the fuel injection system (previously filtered and, if... Read More

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Alcoholic fuels have recently come to light as a sustainable source for powering todays vehicles. Various studies have investigated the effects of alcoholic fuels on engine efficiency and emission characteristics. However, scarce literature is available for their effects on lubricant. Therefore, propanol-gasoline fuel mixtures, with concentrations of 9% (P9) and 18% (P18) propanol, were made to compare their engine characteristics and lubricating oil condition with that of pure gasoline (0 percent propanol (P0)). To determine the rate of deterioration, the characteristics of the lubricating oil were evaluated after 100 h of engine operation, as suggested by the manufacturer. When compared with unused lube oil, P18 showed reductions in flash point temperature and kinematic viscosity of 14% and 36%, respectively, at 100 C. For P18, which contains Fe (27 PPM), Al (11 PPM), and Cu (14 PPM), the highest wear element concentrations in the lubricating oil were found. The moisture in the degraded oil was well within the allowable limit for the three fuel mixtures. With the increase in prop... Read More

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This literature review paper discusses the subject of lubricating properties of liquid hydrocarbon-based fuels and laboratory bench tests applied in lubricity evaluation. The analysis was made in order to highlight the importance of fuel lubricity evaluation, especially application of relatively rapid laboratory tests. Inadequate lubricity may lead to an excessive wear of fuel injection system components and in some cases ? even to catastrophic failure what, in turn, manifests itself in higher replacement costs, shortened service life, inefficient engine performance and increased tailpipe emissions. Nowadays, when more and more rigorous emissions standards for transportation fuels are continuously established, the satisfactory fuel lubricity is of great importance. Lubricity determines the antiwear behaviour of the lubricant over the regime of boundary lubrication when the moving surfaces are separated only by a very thin fluid film adhering to them. The most important role in forming such films is played by polar compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons that are naturally present in crud... Read More

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A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that improves fuel economy retention, turbocharger efficiency, and reduces oil consumption. The composition contains a renewable base oil derived from C14-C20 olefins, which is hydroisomerized to achieve excellent viscosity, volatility, and additive solubility properties. The additive package has a sulfur content of up to 0.4 wt% and a sulphated ash content of up to 0.5 wt%, enabling low SAPS formulations that prolong exhaust after-treatment device life. The composition demonstrates improved engine performance retention over conventional lubricants, including fuel economy retention of at least 0.2% and oil drain interval capability of up to 360 hours.

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Lubricating compositions for internal combustion engines that combine the benefits of polyalphaolefin (PAO) and polyisobutylene (PIB) dispersants to achieve effective deposit control and cleanliness at low viscosity grades. The compositions comprise an oil of lubricating viscosity and a mixed dispersant additive package containing an acylated PAO-based dispersant and an acylated PIB-based dispersant, with a specific weight ratio of the two dispersants. This combination enables the formulation of low-viscosity engine oils that meet stringent fuel economy and performance requirements.

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Lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines, particularly hybrid electric vehicles, that maintains low-temperature fluidity even when contaminated with water. The composition comprises a lubricating base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 3.8 to 4.6 mm2/s, and additives including a metallic detergent, a succinimide dispersant, and an antioxidant. The metallic detergent is present in an amount of 1000 to 2000 mass ppm in terms of metal content, and the succinimide dispersant is present in an amount of 100 to 1000 mass ppm in terms of nitrogen.

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A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines, particularly hybrid electric vehicles, that maintains low-temperature fluidity even when contaminated with water. The composition comprises a lubricating base oil with a kinematic viscosity of 3.8-4.6 mm2/s at 100°C, and at least one additive, including a metallic detergent with a metal content of 1000-2000 mass ppm and a succinimide dispersant with a nitrogen content of 100-1000 mass ppm. The composition prevents degradation of low-temperature fluidity when water is present, thereby maintaining engine performance and fuel efficiency.

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Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines emit less carbon dioxide (CO2) than port fuel injection (PFI) engines when fossil fuel conditions are the same. However, GDI engines emit more ultrafine particulate matter, which can have negative health effects, leading to particulate emission regulations. To satisfy these regulations, various studies have been done to reduce particulate matter, and several studies focused on lubricants. This study focuses on the influence of lubricant on the formation of particulate matter and its effect on particulate emissions in GDI engines. An instrumented, combustion and optical singe-cylinder GDI engine fueled by four different lubricant-gasoline blends was used with various injection conditions. Combustion experiments were used to determine combustion characteristics, and gaseous emissions indicated that the lubricant did not influence mixture homogeneity but had an impact on unburned fuels. Optical experiments showed that the lubricant did not influence spray but did influence wall film formation during the injection period, which is a major factor af... Read More

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Lubricants for internal combustion engines that improve fuel economy without sacrificing performance or durability. The lubricant composition includes an oil of lubricating viscosity and a boron-containing ashless dispersant.

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Engine performance deteriorates as the ambient temperature drops below 10 C. Fuel, engine oil, and battery are carefully selected for the efficient functioning of the engine in cold climates. The winter-grade fuels with better flowability and the ability to finely atomize when injected in order to burn the fuel efficiently are described. Then lubricating oils with flow improvers to reduce the oil viscosity and thereby lower the frictional losses and pumping loss are specified for easier cranking to start the engine.

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Lubricant oil affects the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of passenger cars. Oil reduces the friction in combustion engines, yet simultaneously some lubricating oil is exhausted from the engine. The fugitive lubricant oil results in < 30 nm solid particle number (SPN) emissions in the exhaust gas. The characteristics and formation path of the small particles is not well known, but as the SPN regulation is extending down to 10 nm size range, they cannot be neglected. Vehicles using compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel are known to emit solid particles in the < 23 nm size range. Here we studied the emissions of a CNG-fuelled Euro 6 light-duty vehicle using different lubricants. The lubricant characteristics had a strong effect on < 23 nm SPN emissions. A high ash, high volatility lubricant was shown, to alter the SPN population also in > 10 nm and even > 23 nm size range, thus, underlining the importance of the lubricant quality. The difference between the high volatility lubricant and the two tested modern lubricants was most evident at high temperature, high speed driving, while ... Read More

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A novel polyalphaolefin (PAO) composition exhibiting improved lubricant properties, such as low-temperature viscosity and volatility, is disclosed. The PAO composition comprises a mixture of two polyalphaolefins, including a trimer-enriched first polyalphaolefin derived from the oligomerization of 1-dodecene alpha-olefin feedstock, and a dimer-enriched second oligomer derived from the oligomerization of 1-tetradecene alpha-olefin feedstock. The final product has a branching ratio between 0.19 and 0.26, a 100C Kinematic Viscosity between about 3.3 and 4.7 cSt, and less than 30% of the mixture boils between the temperature of 420° C. and 455° C. The PAO composition exhibits improved physical properties for a PAO at a given viscosity, without requiring that the PAO be derived from 1-decene, or blends of 1-decene with other alpha-olefins.

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A fuel additive for diesel engines comprising an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer with free carboxylic acid side groups, or a nitrogen compound quaternized with epoxide in the presence of such a copolymer, for preventing or reducing internal diesel injector deposits (IDIDs) and improving engine performance. The copolymer is formed by copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable polycarboxylic anhydride with a polymerizable olefin, followed by partial or complete hydrolysis of the anhydride groups. The quaternized nitrogen compound is formed by reacting an epoxide with a quaternizable nitrogen compound in the presence of the copolymer.

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A lubricating oil composition for reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) events in spark-ignited internal combustion engines, comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and minor amounts of performance enhancing additives, including a detergent additive comprising an oil-soluble basic organic acid salt containing at least magnesium and calcium as cations, wherein the organic acid is a hydroxy-benzoic acid or a sulfonic acid.

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A lubricating oil composition for engines, particularly those in hybrid and electric vehicles, comprising a mineral oil, succinimide, polymer, and friction modifier. The composition has a specific kinematic viscosity range and contains a polymer with a comb-shaped structure, which provides improved hydraulic properties and fuel efficiency. The succinimide content is adjusted to achieve a nitrogen-to-polymer ratio within a specific range, enabling balanced performance. The composition can be used in engines with high thermal loads, such as those in range extenders for electric vehicles.

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A liquid fuel composition for internal combustion engines that reduces engine wear caused by soot in lubricating oil, particularly when the oil contains zinc-based anti-wear additives. The fuel composition contains a nitrogen-containing detergent additive that transfers to the lubricating oil during combustion, forming a nitrogen-containing dispersant that mitigates soot-related wear.

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A lubricant additive composition that enhances the friction-reducing properties of organic molybdenum compounds without compromising copper compatibility. The composition comprises an organic molybdenum compound containing sulfur, and a small amount of dialkylamine, with the amine content being 1-20 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of molybdenum atoms. The composition is particularly effective in reducing friction in engines and other machinery, and can be used to formulate engine oils with improved fuel efficiency.

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Copolymers for removing and reducing deposits in fuel systems and injection systems of direct injection diesel and gasoline engines. The copolymers are prepared by copolymerizing isobutene with vinyl compounds, ethylenically unsaturated aromatics, and allylamines, and are used as fuel additives to prevent and reduce deposits in diesel and gasoline engines, particularly in common rail diesel engines and direct injection gasoline engines.

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Improving fuel economy and reducing emissions is nowadays more important than ever. Apart from powertrain electrification, automotive manufacturers have constantly been seeking to improve the efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Downsizing and boosting have become common practice in the internal combustion engine (ICE) design. Increased power density and torque output of modern boosted engines, in combination with the introduction of automatic stop-start systems and ultralow viscosity lubricants tends to stress the engine beyond the limits foreseen in the classical design. This leads to wear problems. Each engine component comes with a unique landscape of competing manufacturing technologies, among which advanced surface finishing and coating methods play an important role. This presentation provides an overview of different industrial trends related thereto. The role of lubricant on the engine tribology is studied for different engine designs. The importance of in-design pairing of low-viscosity motor oils with the engine characteristics is highlighted filling the gap in ... Read More

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