Cross-Linked Polyethylene for Package Protection
Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) packaging materials face increasing demands for both performance and recyclability. Current multi-layer structures achieve barrier properties and strength but typically require separation of different polymers during recycling—a process that recovers only 9-12% of flexible packaging materials. Laboratory testing shows electron beam irradiated polyethylene can achieve tensile strengths exceeding 150 MPa while maintaining recyclability.
The fundamental challenge lies in achieving high-performance barrier properties and mechanical strength while ensuring the entire structure remains recyclable as a single material stream.
This page brings together solutions from recent research—including electron beam crosslinking techniques, stretched polyethylene architectures, vapor-deposited barrier layers, and protective layers with specialized coupling agents. These and other approaches demonstrate how packaging can meet demanding performance requirements while supporting circular economy goals.
1. Laminate Material with Electron Beam Irradiated and Stretched Polyethylene Base Layer
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2024
Laminate material for packaging applications that has improved strength, heat resistance, and recyclability compared to conventional packaging materials. The laminate consists of a base layer made of polyethylene that is electron beam irradiated and stretched. This improves the properties of the polyethylene for use as a base layer in packaging materials. The irradiated base layer is then laminated with a heat seal layer also made of polyethylene. This allows recycling of the entire packaging material as polyethylene without separating different resins.
2. Flexible Packaging Film with Electron Beam Crosslinked Polyethylene Substrate and Laminated Polyethylene Sealant
Energy Sciences Inc., 2024
Recyclable flexible packaging film made of similar materials to enable recycling without solvent inks. The film has a crosslinked polyethylene substrate layer made by electron beam treatment, followed by stretching. This is laminated with a sealant polyethylene layer using an adhesive. The crosslinking improves heat resistance and recyclability compared to untreated polyethylene. The thicknesses of the crosslinked layer, adhesive, and sealant are optimized for recyclability. The monolayer and multilayer film structure allows recycling by pelletizing since all layers are the same polyethylene.
3. Flexible Packaging with Electron Beam Crosslinked and Oriented Polyethylene Layers
ENERGY SCIENCES INC, 2024
Recyclable flexible packaging that can be recycled more easily than current multi-layered flexible packaging. The packaging uses a single type of polymer, polyethylene, in all layers for enhanced recyclability. The polyethylene is crosslinked using electron beam radiation to improve properties like temperature resistance. The crosslinked polyethylene layer is then stretched to orient it. This allows recycling since the oriented crosslinked layer is thinner and easier to process compared to thick crosslinked layers. The packaging has a substrate layer crosslinked and oriented, and a separate sealant layer. Adhesive is used to join the layers.
4. Gas Barrier Film with Polyolefin and Hydroxyl-Containing Polymer Coating for Enhanced Oxygen Resistance Post-Sterilization
TOPPAN HOLDINGS INC, 2024
Gas barrier films, packaging films, bags, and products with improved oxygen barrier properties after heat sterilization like boiling or retorting. The films have a gas barrier coating layer made of a blend of a polyolefin and a water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl groups. This coating layer provides low oxygen permeability before sterilization. After sterilization, the hydroxyl groups undergo crosslinking to further reduce oxygen permeability. This improves long-term oxygen barrier protection for packaged food and pharmaceuticals that are heat sterilized.
5. Polyolefin Packaging Material with Graft Copolymer Network of Carboxylated Polyethylene and Graphene Oxide
Tianjin Ruijie Plastic Products Co., Ltd., TIANJIN RUIJIE PLASTIC PRODUCTS CO LTD, 2024
Barrier and flame-retardant polyolefin packaging material with improved properties compared to conventional polyolefin packaging. The material contains a specific graft copolymer with a cross-linked network structure that improves adhesion between the phases and provides better barrier and flame resistance. The graft copolymer is made by reacting carboxylated polyethylene with graphene oxide, then blending the graft with pentaerythritol phosphate catalyzed by isocyanate.
6. Stackable Shrink Film with Crosslinked Outer Layer Containing Low Molecular Weight Compounds
SUNRISE PACKAGING MATERIAL CO LTD, 2024
Stackable shrink film that can be heat sealed multiple bags together without sticking. The film has an outer layer containing a low molecular weight compound like paraffin, oleamide, or stearic acid. The outer layer is also crosslinked by electron beam treatment. This prevents molecular chain interpenetration when the outer surfaces of adjacent bags are heat sealed, creating a peelable interface. The inner heat seal layer can have different materials. Adding the low molecular weight compounds and crosslinking the outer layer enables stacking and heat sealing multiple bags without fusing.
7. Laminated Recyclable Packaging Material with Electron-Beam Treated Stretched Polyethylene Film and Vapor-Deposited Surface
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2024
A recyclable packaging material, made from a laminate with a base material that has improved strength and heat resistance compared to conventional polyethylene films. The base material is a stretched and electron-beam irradiated polyethylene film with a vapor-deposited film on one surface. The electron-beam treatment densifies the polyethylene and adds crosslinking, while the stretching increases crystallinity. This provides a recyclable packaging material with enhanced strength and barrier properties compared to conventional polyethylene films. The laminate can be used for packaging applications like bags and pouches.
8. Laminate Structure with High Crystallinity Polyethylene Base Layer for Enhanced Heat Resistance and Strength
TOPPAN HOLDINGS CO LTD, 2024
Laminate, package, and packaged article with high recyclability, heat resistance, and strength. The laminate has polyethylene-containing base, adhesive, and sealant layers. The base layer has a high crystallinity (35% or more) measured by X-ray diffraction. This improves the laminate's heat resistance and puncture strength. The high crystallinity base layer, when used in packaging, reduces pinhole formation during sealing. The laminate can further have an intermediate layer, gas barrier layer, protective layer, and coloring. The high crystallinity base layer enables recycling with high polyethylene content.
9. Single-Layer Polyethylene Film and Foil with Electron Beam Induced Asymmetric Crosslinking
2024
Single-layer polyethylene film and foil for packaging applications that can be recycled without separating different plastic types. The film and foil have different physical properties on opposite sides due to electron beam irradiation. The irradiation crosslinks the polyethylene chains on one side, improving heat resistance and sealability. The unirradiated side maintains flexibility. This allows producing single-layer packaging films and foils that can replace multi-layer films for better recyclability. The irradiated film can also have improved heat sealing on both sides. The foil has a polyethylene backing irradiated on both sides and a non-irradiated layer. The packaging uses the single-layer films or foil instead of multi-layer films for recycling.
10. Oriented Coextruded Film with Differential Crosslinking for Enhanced Heat Resistance and Recyclability
AMCOR FLEXIBLES NORTH AMERICA INC, 2023
Recyclable flexible packaging film with improved heat resistance for primary packaging of products like food and beverages. The film has an outer surface with targeted crosslinking for heat resistance and an inner layer with a lower crosslink density for recyclability. The film structure involves an oriented coextruded film with an outer region of low density polyethylene (LDPE) crosslinked by irradiation, a thin inner region of LDPE with an antioxidant, and a separate sealant layer. The outer region thickness is 1-50 times the inner region thickness to balance heat resistance and recyclability. The irradiation dose for the outer region is sufficient to crosslink but keeps the inner region below the gel point for easier recycling.
11. Polyethylene Laminate Structure with Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid Component for Enhanced Interlayer Adhesion
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2023
Laminate structure for packaging materials that provides good strength, heat resistance, recyclability, and resistance to contents like acidic or alkaline products. The laminate has a base material, dry laminate layer, and heat seal layer all made of polyethylene. The base material is stretched or irradiated to improve properties. The dry laminate layer contains a component derived from unsaturated carboxylic acids in 0.01-5% by mass. This improves adhesion between layers over time. The laminate is used to make packaging bags and pouches with improved performance compared to conventional multilayer structures.
12. Multilayer Heat Shrinkable Film with Cross-Linked Polymer Network and Polyamide-Free Composition
CRYOVAC LLC, 2023
Heat shrinkable packaging film with improved shrinkage properties and resistance. The film has a multilayer structure with a heat seal layer that contains a cross-linked polymer network formed by solid state orientation. This network tensions the heat seal layer during cooling, providing enhanced shrinkage. The film can contain no polyamide, replacing it with other polymers like ethylene copolymers. This avoids polyamide's hydroscopic nature that causes film instability before use. The film can have a core layer between the seal and barrier layers, containing a mix of copolymers and low density polyethylene. The barrier layer can be polyester. The film can have adhesion layers between the layers. The film can have plastomers with high melting points and low melt indices for additional strength.
13. Polyethylene Laminate with Biomass-Derived Layers and Electron Beam Crosslinking
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2023
Polyethylene laminate packaging material with improved heat resistance while maintaining recyclability. The laminate has a base layer with density 0.930 g/cm3 made of biomass-derived polyethylene and treated with electron beam irradiation to further improve heat resistance. The heat seal layer also has density 0.930 g/cm3. The irradiation crosslinks the polyethylene, enhancing heat resistance without reducing sealability. The densities of 0.930 g/cm3 prevent stickiness issues. The laminate can be made by coextrusion with lower density polyethylene layers.
14. Multilayer Heat-Shrinkable Packaging Film with Incompatible Polymer Blend and Crosslinked Network
CRYOVAC LLC, 2023
Heat-shrinkable packaging film with high shrinkage, toughness, and tear resistance for creating post-shrink, full-length tear packages via manual tearing. The film has a multilayer structure with an incompatible polymer blend containing a plastomer and ethylene homopolymer or copolymer, an ethylene/alpha-olefin plastomer, and a crosslinked polymer network. The outer layer is polyester, the oxygen barrier is PVDC or an ester copolymer, and the inner layer is the heat-seal layer. This film allows high shrinkage, strength, and tear initiation from the plastomer blend, while the crosslinking prevents necking during shrinkage. The ethylene/alpha-olefin plastomer provides low density.
15. Polyethylene Laminate with Electron-Irradiated Stretched Base Layer
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2023
Packaging material that is recyclable and has improved strength. It consists of a laminate where both the base material and heat seal layer are made of polyethylene. The base material is stretched and irradiated with electrons. This enhances its strength. The irradiation treatment is done on one side so that it becomes the outermost layer. The stretched and irradiated polyethylene base provides better strength than normal polyethylene. The laminate with both layers made of the same material allows recycling of the packaging as pure polyethylene. The irradiated base improves recyclability by preventing melting and sticking of the base during processing. The laminate can be used for bag or pouch packaging.
16. Polyethylene or Polypropylene Film with Electron Beam Irradiated Surface and Biomass-Derived Polymer Integration
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2023
Film, packaging bags, and laminates with improved recyclability and content concealment. The film is made from polyethylene or polypropylene, contains biomass-derived polymer, and has one surface electron beam irradiated. This irradiation provides different properties on the outer vs inner surfaces. The irradiated surface has higher crosslinking and strength. The film can be used as a base for laminates with a biomass-derived polymer sealant layer. It also allows making packaging bags without laminates by using the irradiated side inward. The irradiation changes the film's hand-tearability and sealing properties. Adding a white pigment further improves content concealment.
17. Multilayer Heat Shrinkable Packaging Film with Crosslinked Outer Layer and Oxygen Barrier Properties
CRYOVAC LLC, 2023
Heat shrinkable packaging article with easy openability after shrinking. The article has a multilayer film structure with a crosslinked outer layer that provides high shrinkage and hand tear resistance. The crosslinked layer is formed by irradiating a portion of the film. This allows the article to shrink tightly around products like meat but can be easily torn open by hand after full shrinkage. The multilayer film also has oxygen barrier properties and can be made without polyamide, reducing cost.
18. Polyethylene Laminated Film with Electron Beam Crosslinked Base Layer and Heat-Sealable Inner Layer
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2021
Polyethylene laminated film with improved heat resistance and strength for packaging applications. The film has a polyethylene base layer irradiated with electron beams to crosslink the polymer. This layer improves surface properties like heat resistance and strength. An inner heat-sealable polyethylene layer seals the package. The outer irradiated layer prevents shrinkage and maintains dimensional stability during heat sealing. The irradiated layer also prevents degradation of the inner layer over time. The laminated film can be made by sandwiching the irradiated layer between two polyethylene layers. The irradiated layer improves the film's heat resistance and strength compared to a regular polyethylene film.
19. Polyethylene Film with Electron Beam Crosslinked Inner Layer and Heat-Sealable Outer Layer
DAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD, 2021
Polyethylene co-pressing film and packaging material made from it that uses only polyethylene for recyclability. The film has an outer layer with heat-sealing properties and an inner layer made by electron beam irradiation. The irradiation crosslinks the polyethylene for improved dimensional stability. This allows heat sealing the outer layer to create a sealed packaging material made entirely from polyethylene. The inner layer prevents deterioration of the outer layer's sealing properties over time.
20. Skin Pack Packaging with Differential Peel Strength and Cross-Linked Polyethylene Lid Layer
SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO LTD, 2021
Skin pack packaging with improved opening ease while maintaining product sealing and preventing migration of moisture between packaged items. The pack has a bottom and lid material with sealing properties. The bottom has a frame seal and surface seal. The peel strength between the bottom and lid is higher at the frame seal than the surface seal. This balance provides enough sealing force while allowing easier opening. The lid material has a cross-linked polyethylene outer layer for strength and heat resistance.
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