Aqueous Cleaning of Packages
Cleaning residual contents and labels from post-consumer packaging presents significant technical challenges across the recycling stream. Current industrial processes require multiple cleaning stages with water temperatures ranging from 20-85°C, chemical treatments, and mechanical agitation - yet still struggle with adhesive residues and multi-layer materials that can contaminate recycling streams.
The fundamental challenge lies in developing cleaning methods that effectively remove contaminants while preserving the base material properties needed for high-quality recycling.
This page brings together solutions from recent research—including hot water delamination techniques, integrated label removal systems, water-soluble packaging materials, and specialized cleaning equipment designs. These and other approaches focus on improving cleaning efficiency while reducing water, energy and chemical consumption in industrial-scale operations.
1. Cup Washer with Dual Nozzles Featuring Venturi-Induced Micro-Bubble Generation and Full Cone Water Dispersion
LG ELECTRONICS INC, 2025
Cup washer that optimizes water spraying for better cleaning performance while minimizing water consumption. The washer has two spray nozzles - one uses recirculated water pressure to clean the cup, the other uses main water supply pressure for rapid washing. The recirculated nozzle has a venturi pipe with an air inlet that generates micro-bubbles in the water. The main water nozzle has a cone that spreads water into a full cone shape. This expands the washing range. The air inlet locations block contaminants from entering. The nozzles can be separated for improved flow.
2. Container Interior Surface Treatment System with Intermittent Atomizing Spray Nozzles and Centralized Remote Activation Hub
SANISAFE TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS LLC, 2025
Systems for treating the interior surfaces of containers like shipping containers to eliminate or reduce microbes like bacteria between uses. The systems use intermittently arranged atomizing spray nozzles to dispend liquids like antimicrobial solutions onto the container surfaces. The nozzles are connected via ducts and reservoirs to a central hub with a power source and communication device. The hub allows activating the nozzles remotely, querying status, and monitoring liquid levels. This enables automated, coordinated treatment of container surfaces.
3. Automated Container Cleaning Device with Integrated Brush and Dispensing Head
VITA-MIX MANAGEMENT CORP, 2025
An automated container cleaning device for efficiently cleaning and sanitizing containers like pitchers, glasses, and blender jars without the need for separate washing, rinsing, and sanitizing steps. The device has a body with a dispensing head for water and detergent, a brush to scrub the inside of the container, and a reservoir for storing cleaning solution. The container is placed over the device, the brush cleans it, and the dispensing head rinses and sanitizes it all in one integrated operation. This improves cleaning efficiency compared to separate steps using different tools.
4. Polymer Layer Separation Process Using Aqueous Amino Acid Salt Solution
RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LTD, 2024
A process for separating polymer layers in multilayer packaging films like blister packs without using multiple organic solvents or hazardous reagents. The process involves treating the multilayer films with an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal salt of an amino acid and optionally a surfactant. This dissolves the adhesives between layers and aluminum, allowing separation. The layers can be further treated with a fluid medium to separate any remaining layers.
5. Water-Soluble Nonwoven Webs Comprising Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers with Enhanced Hydrolysis and Sulfonate Content
MONOSOL LIMITED LIABILITY CO, 2024
Water-soluble nonwoven webs for packaging irritating chemical compositions. The webs contain fibers made from modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) like sulfonated PVOH. This allows the pouch to quickly and completely dissolve in water without residue. The modified PVOH fibers have higher hydrolysis degrees and sulfonate content to enhance water solubility. Adding carboxylated PVOH or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fibers in blends can further improve solubility. The modified PVOH fibers prevent sticking and discoloration when stored with chemical contents. The pouch compositions can include harsh chemicals like pool and water treatment products.
6. Method for PVC Label Removal from PET Bottles Using Hot Water Treatment
SAVEETHA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES, 2024
A cheaper method to remove PVC labels from PET bottles without using expensive machines. The method involves treating the labeled bottles with hot water to completely remove the PVC labels. This allows efficient recycling of the PET bottles without the need for specialized equipment. The hot water treatment fully removes the PVC labels from the PET surface, preventing contamination during recycling.
7. Integrated Machine with Sequential Label Removal, Cleaning, and Separation Components for Plastic Bottles
ZHEJIANG BORETECH ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CO LTD, 2024
Integrated system for cleaning and removing labels from plastic bottles in a single machine to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and minimize waste compared to separate label removing and cleaning steps. The system includes a label removing and cleaning machine, bouncing separation screen, cleaning liquid separator, and buffer tank connected in sequence. The label removing machine cleans while removing labels. The screen separates labels, impurities, and water. The separator purifies the water for reuse.
8. Integrated System with Sequential Label Removing Machine, Separation Screen, Cleaning Liquid Separator, and Buffer Tank
ZHEJIANG BORETECH ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CO LTD, 2024
Integrated system for cleaning and removing labels from plastic bottles that reduces equipment, time, and cost compared to separate label removal and cleaning steps. The system has a label removing machine, bouncing separation screen, cleaning liquid separator, and buffer tank connected in sequence. The label removing machine cleans and removes labels while the screen separates labels and impurities from the main material. The cleaning liquid separator filters and recycles the water. This integrated design enables label removal and cleaning in one step with improved efficiency and resource conservation.
9. Composition of Water, Sodium Gluconate, Trimethylamine Phosphonic Acid, and C6 Alkyl Glucoside for Glass Bottle Cleaning
BEVTECH COMPANY LTD, 2023
A composition to enhance the cleaning efficiency of glass bottles with labels without damaging the labels or corroding the glass. The composition contains water, sodium gluconate, trimethylamine phosphonic acid, and C6 alkyl glucoside in specific ratios. This mixture improves bottle washing performance compared to just caustic soda, reduces label damage, and prevents glass corrosion. The composition allows easier label removal, reduced label peeling, color fade, and glass thinning compared to using caustic soda alone.
10. Rotating Cradle Chamber with Forced Turbulence Generators for Washing Reusable Packaging
SOCIETE NOUVELLE NETTOYAGE DE PRECISION INDUSTRIEL 25, 2022
Installation and method for washing reusable packaging that has already been used. The installation has a rotating cradle in a chamber connected to tanks of detergent and rinsing solution. The chamber has forced turbulence generators for cleaning. The method involves conveying soiled baskets into the chamber, rotating them, washing with detergent, rinsing, and drying. This cycle can be repeated with fresh solutions. The chamber has separate sections for washing and rinsing. Filtration between tanks prevents contamination.
11. Method for Separating Components of Multi-Material Packaging Using Sequential Shredding, Fluffing, and Washing
KUTA PAWEL K & K RECYCLING SYSTEM, 2021
Recycling method for multi-material packaging like juice cartons that involves shredding, fluffing, and washing to separate and segregate the different materials like paper, plastic, and aluminum. The shredding step reduces the packaging size for easier separation. Fluffing in a dynamic washer with high water flow and aeration helps loosen and remove contaminants. The washed fluffed material is then further processed for recycling the separated materials. The key is the sequence of shredding, fluffing, and washing to effectively separate and recycle the different packaging components.
12. Blister Packaging Machine with Pre-Punching Surface Washing System
CKD CORP, 2021
Blister packaging machine and method to reduce contamination and adhesion of contents when punching blister packs. The machine has a washing step before punching where cleaning water is sprayed onto the blister pack upper surface. This washes away contents that could adhere to the punching equipment during punching. The washing water is regulated to prevent backflow onto the sealing step. By washing the pack before punching, it reduces content contamination of the punching equipment and prevents issues like stuck contents and corrosion.
13. System with Forced Turbulence Generators and Ultrasound for Multi-Cycle Washing of Reusable Packaging
SOC NOUVELLE NETTOYAGE DE PRECISION INDUSTRIEL 25, 2020
Installation and process for washing reusable packaging like food containers that have already been used. The installation has features like forced turbulence generators, ultrasound, multiple detergent/rinsing tanks, and separate washing and rinsing sections. The washing process involves multiple cycles with detergent, rinsing, and drying steps. The goal is to thoroughly clean the packaging to remove residue, allergens, bacteria, and mold so it can be safely reused for the same or different products.
14. Rotating Cradle-Based Washing System with Integrated Turbulence, Ultrasonics, and Heating for Reusable Packaging
SOCIETE NOUVELLE NETTOYAGE DE PRECISION INDUSTRIEL 25, 2020
Washing system for reusable packaging like food containers that have already been used. The system uses a rotating cradle in a chamber with networks of pipes connecting to washing, rinsing, and drying tanks. The chamber has features like turbulence generators, ultrasonics, and heating. The system can clean heavily soiled packaging with residues and allergens, providing reusable packaging free of contaminants.
15. Polyethylene-Based Resin Foam Sheet with Dual Surfactant Coating and Integration
SEKISUI PLASTICS CO., LTD., 2020
A packaging sheet for protecting articles like glass plates that has improved cleanability after washing water. The sheet contains a polyethylene-based resin foam sheet exposed on one side. The foam sheet has a unique combination of surfactants - anionic surfactant coated on both sides and nonionic surfactant incorporated into the foam. The nonionic surfactant is a polyoxyethylene with HLB 15 or higher. This combination prevents adhesion of foreign matter to the foam sheet during packaging and allows easy cleaning of the protected article surfaces after washing.
16. Polyethylene Foam Sheet with Anionic Surface Coating and Embedded Nonionic Surfactants
SEKISUI PLASTICS CO LTD, 2020
Packaging sheet with a polyethylene foam sheet that reduces adhesion and improves cleanliness of packaged items after washing. The foam sheet contains both anionic and nonionic surfactants. The anionic surfactant is applied as a coating on the foam sheet surfaces. The nonionic surfactant is mixed into the foam sheet itself. The specific combination of anionic and nonionic surfactants on the foam sheet prevents foreign matter adhesion to the packaged item while also allowing the foam sheet to peel off easily. This avoids leaving residue on the item after removal of the foam sheet. The nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 15 or higher is used in the foam sheet.
17. Automated Conveyor System with Integrated Bottle Cleaning, Scrubbing, and Compression Mechanisms
YONGJUN SHU, 2020
Automated system for cleaning, recycling, and compressing plastic bottles. The system has a conveyor belt to move bottles through steps. First, water spray cleans the bottles. Next, a brush inside the cavity scrubs the inside. Then, a mechanism squeezes the bottles to compress them. This automated process improves recycling efficiency by thoroughly cleaning and compacting the bottles before further processing.
18. Single-Phase Aqueous Solution with Inorganic Base and Surfactant for Coating Removal from Polymeric Films
GEO TECH POLYMERS LLC, 2019
A single-phase aqueous solution for removing coatings from polymeric films like packaging materials. The solution contains water, an inorganic base composition, and a surfactant. The composition removes coatings like inks, adhesives, and labels from polymeric films using mild aqueous conditions, without harsh chemicals, high temperatures, or pressures. It enables efficient coating removal from recycled polymeric films to prepare them for reuse in manufacturing processes.
19. Tablet Packaging Machine with Watertight Cleaning Box and Isolated Sticking Mechanism
MARUHO HAJO INDUSTRY CO LTD, 2019
PTP (press-through package) tablet packaging machine that allows cleaning and product switching without damaging precision equipment and contaminating products. The tablet filling mechanism and surrounding areas are enclosed in a watertight cleaning box. The box can be washed with water to remove tablet dust without affecting the main device body. The sticking mechanism is also isolated in a separate housing. Seals block water entry when washing. This prevents dust contamination and allows thorough cleaning without damaging the devices.
20. Crate Washing Machine with Tilting Mechanism for Vertical Wall Exposure
KRONES AG, 2019
Box washing machine for cleaning crates like bottle crates with a small footprint and without the need for horizontal rotation. The machine has a conveyor for transporting the crates and spray nozzles above and below the conveyor to spray the outside of the crates. The key innovation is a tilting mechanism that raises and lowers the front and rear walls of the crates relative to the spray nozzles. This allows access to those sides without needing wide spacing between crates. The crates are transported continuously through the spray areas while the tilting mechanism moves the walls to expose them for cleaning.
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