Bismuth-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

A method for preparing stable perovskite solar cells with improved electron transport layer performance through a novel coordination modification approach. The method involves creating a compact and defect-free electron transport layer by modifying the surface of perovskite solar cells with a coordination polymer, followed by hydrothermal treatment to enhance SnO2 dispersion and reduce hydroxyl groups. This approach enables the use of inorganic materials like SnO2 in perovskite solar cells while addressing traditional limitations of organic materials in this application.

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A three-dimensional conductive device for transparent solar cells that enables high power conversion efficiency through direct printing of metal electrodes onto the solar cell substrate. The device comprises a conductive support layer, an active layer, a transparent electrode, and a metal auxiliary electrode. The metal auxiliary electrode is directly printed onto the transparent electrode through 3D direct writing, ensuring optimal contact while maintaining transparency. This approach eliminates the need for conventional metal mesh electrodes, which can compromise power conversion efficiency due to increased sheet resistance. The device achieves high power conversion efficiency while maintaining transparency through its optimized electrode architecture.

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A lead-free perovskite solar cell with improved efficiency through the use of a bismuth acetate additive. The additive, when incorporated into the perovskite precursor solution, enables controlled crystallization rates that result in larger grain sizes and reduced defect densities. This leads to enhanced carrier transport properties and improved short-circuit current density, enabling higher-performance lead-free perovskite solar cells.

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A method to enhance the quality of bismuth-based perovskite solar cells by incorporating formamidine acetate as a Lewis base to form a complex with iodide. This complex formation slows down perovskite crystallization, increases grain size, improves carrier transport, and reduces defect states, leading to improved device performance. The method enables the use of formamidine acetate as an additive in bismuth-based perovskite precursor solutions, particularly in secret-based perovskite solar cells, to address the challenges associated with lead-based perovskites.

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Perovskite solar cells with enhanced stability and flexibility through a novel barrier layer between the electron transport layer and source electrode. The barrier layer, comprising indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), or other transparent conductive oxides, prevents electrode penetration and ion migration while maintaining device performance. The barrier layer is deposited between the electron transport layer and source electrode, enabling high-efficiency solar cells with reduced degradation rates and improved long-term stability.

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Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites for photovoltaic applications that replace lead with less toxic materials while maintaining high conversion rates. The hybrid perovskites contain ammonium-based ligands and exhibit improved stability to moisture compared to conventional lead-based perovskites. The perovskites can be prepared through spin coating or evaporation methods, and their photovoltaic devices can be fabricated in thin layer or crystalline forms.

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Perovskite solar cell with enhanced stability and performance through a novel transparent conductive oxide layer. The cell features a transparent conductive oxide layer containing organic materials with pi-orbital electrons and unshared electron pairs, which prevents interface corrosion between the transparent electrode and metal contacts. This layer also enables anti-reflective properties by controlling light transmission characteristics. The transparent conductive oxide layer is deposited between the electron transport layer and source electrode in a perovskite solar cell structure, enabling stable performance while minimizing degradation.

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Perovskite solar cell with enhanced stability through a novel transparent conductive oxide layer between the electron transport layer and source electrode. The layer, comprising a semiconducting metal oxide, prevents halide diffusion from the perovskite light-absorbing layer to the metal electrode interface, while maintaining transparency and sheet resistance. The layer is deposited between the electron transport layer and source electrode in a perovskite solar cell stack, with specific thickness ratios and deposition methods optimized for stability and performance.

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Perovskite solar cells with improved photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability, achieved through the use of a polymer compound with triarylamine as a repeating unit. The polymer, prepared through Buchwald-Hartwig polymerization, exhibits enhanced light absorption properties and maintains photovoltaic performance even under environmental stress conditions. This polymer serves as a hole transport layer in the perovskite solar cell architecture.

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Methods for forming perovskite absorber layers in photovoltaic devices through a two-step process. The method involves applying a metal halide solution to a charge transport layer, followed by the incorporation of a pseudohalide salt into the metal halide film. The pseudohalide salt is preincorporated into the metal halide film before conversion to the perovskite absorber layer. This approach enables the formation of stable and efficient perovskite absorbers through controlled incorporation of the pseudohalide salt into the metal halide film.

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Perovskite-like bismuth ferrite material with enhanced solar photovoltaic performance, achieved through a novel sol-gel preparation method. The material combines the ferroelectric properties of bismuth ferrite with the high photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. The preparation involves co-doping bismuth ferrite with manganese and gadolinium, which enables the creation of a material with a bandgap as low as 1.1 eV, while maintaining its ferroelectricity. The sol-gel process enables precise control over the dopant distribution and material composition, resulting in a material with superior performance characteristics compared to traditional perovskite-based solar cells.

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Metal-organic perovskite solar cells with improved hole transport properties through the use of zinc- and/or bismuth-containing dopants in the hole-conducting layer. The solar cells feature a metal-organic absorber layer with lead or tin as central atom and halide anion, crystallizing in the perovskite lattice. The hole-conducting layer between the absorber and anode is a zinc- or bismuth-containing dopant layer. This configuration enhances hole transport efficiency while maintaining stability compared to conventional lithium-doped layers.

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Solar cell architecture that enables high efficiency perovskite solar cells through novel interfacial layer designs. The cell comprises a substrate with a transparent conductive film, a recombination prevention layer, an electrolyte layer formed by adsorbing a dye that generates electrons upon light exposure, and a transport layer with holes through which the dye passes. The dye layer is formed by adsorbing a dye that is excited by light, enabling efficient electron transfer. The transport layer is engineered with a porous semiconductor that facilitates hole transport. This architecture combines the benefits of perovskite materials with advanced interfacial layer designs to achieve high power conversion efficiency.

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Hydrophobic molecules that chemically bind metal halide perovskites, forming coordination bonds with lead or tin ions, provide enhanced stability against moisture and environmental degradation in solar cells. The molecules, comprising diphosphine ligands, form stable complexes with metal ions, protecting perovskites from water ingress while maintaining charge carrier mobility. These hydrophobic molecules can be incorporated into perovskite films through various deposition methods, enabling the development of stable perovskite-based solar cells.

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Perovskite solar cells with enhanced electron transport layer (ETL) properties achieved through the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as the ETL material. The MOFs feature metal oxide clusters and organic ligands that exhibit nanoscale dimensions, enabling efficient electron transport while maintaining low-temperature processing requirements. The MOFs are applied to a transparent electrode layer, followed by perovskite precursor deposition and heat treatment. The resulting solar cells exhibit improved power conversion efficiency compared to conventional ETL materials, particularly in flexible devices.

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Perovskite solar cells with enhanced thermal stability through the introduction of rubidium ions into the perovskite structure. The incorporation of rubidium ions, which are known to suppress carrier trap formation in perovskite materials, significantly improves the thermal resistance of perovskite solar cells. By introducing rubidium ions into the perovskite composition, the device performance and thermal stability of perovskite solar cells are improved, enabling continuous operation at elevated temperatures without degradation.

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Solar cell and manufacturing method for perovskite solar cells through the formation of a recombination prevention layer. The method involves the controlled formation of a layer between the perovskite light-absorbing material and the hole transport material, which prevents recombination of charge carriers. This layer is achieved through the precise control of the molar ratio of organic and inorganic components in the perovskite material. The layer formation enables the perovskite solar cell to achieve higher photovoltaic efficiency compared to conventional perovskite solar cells.

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Perovskite solar cell with enhanced stability and efficiency, achieved through a novel perovskite structure that incorporates a perovskite compound film with a non-crystalline grain layer. The film, comprising an organometallic halide compound with a perovskite structure, surrounds the perovskite grains and grain boundaries, forming a light-absorbing layer. This grain layer is chemically bonded to the perovskite grains, while the perovskite compound film itself maintains its crystalline structure. The grain layer prevents grain boundary defects and moisture-induced degradation, while the perovskite compound film ensures efficient light absorption. The film composition and grain layer architecture enable both high efficiency and stability in harsh environmental conditions.

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A method for fabricating perovskite solar cells with uniform perovskite structures on large-area substrates through a solvent-free approach. The method employs a novel reaction medium that enables controlled precipitation of perovskite precursor solutions onto substrates, eliminating the need for solvents. This approach enables the formation of uniform perovskite layers with precise stoichiometry and morphology, resulting in high-quality solar cells with improved efficiency compared to conventional methods.

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A high-efficiency, long-lasting organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell that addresses the stability challenges of conventional perovskite solar cells. The cell incorporates a small amount of rare earth metal ions into the perovskite material, which enhances its stability through a multi-factorial mechanism. The rare earth ions act as defect suppressants, reduce carrier recombination, and prevent material degradation. This approach enables the production of high-efficiency solar cells with long lifetimes, overcoming the stability limitations of conventional perovskite solar cells.

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