Perovskite-Based Quantum Dot Tandem Solar Cells

Passivating perovskite solar cells (PSCs) through a novel interfacial layer that combines graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with copper-doped nickel oxide (Cu-NiOx) at the metal halide perovskite (MHP) surface. The GQDs interlayer suppresses defect-assisted recombination in the PSC, while the Cu-NiOx layer enhances charge transport. This integrated approach addresses the perovskite's inherent defects and interface issues, leading to improved photovoltaic performance.

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Flexible transparent perovskite solar cells through a double-sided cation exchange process that enables high-performance, semi-transparent solar cells with improved durability. The cells employ a graphene-based transparent electrode and a perovskite layer with a cation exchange region, where the perovskite layers are bonded through a double-sided lamination process. The cation exchange reaction enables the formation of a stable perovskite structure, while maintaining the solar cell's transparency. The lamination process involves hot pressing the perovskite layers together, with specific thickness and contact area considerations to optimize the exchange reaction. This approach enables the fabrication of high-efficiency, flexible solar cells with improved stability and durability compared to traditional solar cells.

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Perovskite solar cells with enhanced charge collection and stability through a ternary composition of Cs, FA, and MA. The composition, represented by the formula (1), combines lead halide perovskites with cesium, formamidinium, and methylammonium, achieving a narrower bandgap and improved light absorption beyond 800 nm. The perovskite film exhibits enhanced charge collection properties, enabling higher solar cell efficiency and stability compared to conventional Pb-based perovskites. The composition enables the formation of uniform films through controlled Sn doping, addressing the issue of uneven film formation in Pb-based perovskites. The solar cells incorporate the perovskite material, a hole transport layer, and a metal electrode, with the transparent electrode being made of a conventional material.

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All-perovskite tandem solar cell with improved carrier recombination management through a novel quantum well tunneling junction. The cell architecture features a transparent substrate, a perovskite top cell, a quantum well tunneling junction, and a bottom cell. The tunneling junction incorporates a spin-coated doped layer and a copper electrode, enabling efficient electron-hole recombination while maintaining carrier mobility. The cell structure combines the perovskite top cell with a narrow-bandgap bottom cell, maximizing photon absorption and reducing carrier recombination losses.

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High open-circuit voltage wide bandgap perovskite solar cells with improved stability and efficiency. The cells feature a conductive substrate with a perovskite light-absorbing layer, electron transport layer, and interface modification layer. The interface modification layer incorporates cross-linkable fullerene derivatives to enhance interface contact between the perovskite and electron transport layers, while the perovskite layer itself incorporates a passivated interface modification layer to prevent water and oxygen degradation. This configuration enables high open-circuit voltage perovskite solar cells with enhanced stability against environmental factors.

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Inorganic perovskite solar cells with enhanced light absorption through nanostructured back electrodes. The cells feature a photoactive layer with flat structure containing perovskite quantum dots, an organic hole transport layer with nanopatterns, and a back electrode with nanostructured patterns. The back electrode, formed through nanoimprint lithography, provides an additional light scattering pathway that significantly improves light absorption beyond conventional photoactive layer thickness limitations. This approach enables higher photoelectric conversion efficiencies compared to conventional perovskite solar cells.

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A stable and efficient all-inorganic perovskite quantum dot with enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and superior stability. The quantum dot is prepared through a hot-injection method using cesium and lead sources, organic acids, and fluorine sources. The fluorine incorporation into the CsPbX3 lattice through CsF•3/2HF formation provides protection against environmental factors like humidity, light, and temperature, while maintaining high PLQY and single exponential decay. The resulting quantum dot exhibits excellent dispersibility, uniformity, and repeatability, making it suitable for applications in solar cells, lasers, and light-emitting diodes.

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Solar cells with enhanced stability and performance through a novel interface modification approach. The solar cell comprises a layered substrate, electron transport layer, perovskite light-absorbing layer, hole transport layer, and metal electrode, with an interface layer between the perovskite light-absorbing layer and the hole transport layer. The interface layer incorporates a short-chain aromatic acid-perovskite quantum dot composite material, which enhances hole transport properties while maintaining interface stability. This interface modification enables improved perovskite performance while addressing common issues associated with conventional perovskite solar cells.

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A stable and efficient all-inorganic fluoride perovskite quantum dot with improved luminescence characteristics. The quantum dots are synthesized through a novel hot injection method that combines cesium source, lead source, long alkyl chain organic acid, long alkyl chain organic amine, and trioctylamine. The synthesis process involves rapid cooling of the reaction mixture after hot injection, followed by post-processing to remove impurities. The resulting quantum dots exhibit enhanced stability, fluorescence quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime compared to conventional perovskite quantum dots.

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Inverted perovskite solar cells with quantum dot hole transport layers achieve enhanced photovoltaic performance through the use of CdSe or CdS quantum dots as hole transport materials. The quantum dots are prepared through gas-hydrothermal synthesis and applied as a hole transport layer in the perovskite solar cell structure. This approach enables improved hole transport efficiency compared to conventional hole transport materials, leading to higher photovoltaic efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells.

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Light absorption layer for solar cells that enhances efficiency through quantum dot incorporation. The layer comprises perovskite material and quantum dots with a specific ligand, specifically an aliphatic amino acid, which are combined in a controlled manner to minimize voids while maximizing quantum yield. The ligand is specifically designed to coordinate with the quantum dot surface, enabling efficient light absorption while maintaining structural integrity. The ligand is selectively incorporated into the perovskite material through a precise ligand exchange process, resulting in a uniform and efficient light absorption layer.

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A wide bandgap perovskite/narrow bandgap perovskite/quantum dot triple junction solar cell that achieves enhanced solar energy conversion through mechanical stacking of these materials. The cell comprises a wide bandgap perovskite layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite layer, and quantum dot layers stacked in a mechanical configuration. The wide bandgap perovskite layer enables efficient absorption across the solar spectrum, while the narrow bandgap perovskite layer enhances absorption in the visible region. The quantum dot layers provide additional light absorption capabilities. The mechanical stacking process enables high efficiency solar cells with reduced material preparation complexity compared to traditional tandem solar cells.

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Inorganic perovskite quantum dots with improved photovoltaic efficiency through controlled band tail suppression. The dots achieve this through selective purification using a polar antisolvent that selectively removes surface defects while preserving the dot's intrinsic properties. The purification process enables the formation of uniform quantum dot dispersions with precise size control, which is critical for achieving high-performance photovoltaic devices.

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Palladium-doped inorganic perovskite quantum dots encapsulated in silica, with improved quantum efficiency in the blue region through controlled doping and encapsulation. The encapsulation prevents diffusion-induced redshift and degradation, while maintaining the quantum confinement effect. The palladium doping enables enhanced fluorescence in the blue region, with peak emission at 456 nm. The encapsulation in silica provides a stable environment for the quantum dots, enabling their use in thin-film applications without compromising device performance.

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Non-lead double perovskite solar cells with enhanced optical absorption and photocurrent through a novel electron transport layer. The cell features a transparent conductive glass cathode, a titanium dioxide sensitized electron transport layer containing carboxy-chlorophyll derivative C-Chl, a perovskite layer of Cs2AgBiBr6, and a hole transport layer. The C-Chl sensitized TiO2 layer plays dual roles as an optical absorber and photocurrent generator, while the perovskite layer enables efficient charge transport.

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A lead-free perovskite solar cell with enhanced photovoltaic performance through surface passivation. The cell comprises a conductive substrate, a PEDOT: PSS layer, an inorganic lead-free CsSnI3 perovskite layer, a C60 layer, a BCP layer, and a metal counter electrode layer arranged in order from bottom to top. The CsSnI3 perovskite layer is passivated with a thioureas-based organic compound. The thioureas compound is specifically formulated to balance the stoichiometry of the CsSnI3 precursor, ensuring efficient perovskite formation while preventing surface defects. The PEDOT: PSS layer and C60 layer are deposited on the CsSnI3 layer, followed by the BCP layer and metal counter electrode layer. The thioureas compound is applied after the SnI2 precursor deposition but before the CsI deposition, ensuring optimal surface passivation. This approach enables the creation of high-performance lead-free perovskite solar cells with enhanced light absorption and stability.

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A method for improving the performance of perovskite quantum dot solar cells through the use of organic amine ligands. The method involves processing perovskite quantum dot light-absorbing layers with organic amine ligands during the synthesis process. The organic amine ligands enhance charge coupling between the perovskite quantum dots and the light-absorbing layer, while also promoting charge transport between the quantum dots. This approach enables the perovskite quantum dot solar cells to achieve higher short-circuit current densities and improved device performance compared to conventional methods.

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Quantum dot-enhanced nanowire array perovskite solar cells that achieve broader spectral absorption by incorporating quantum dots into the nanowire array structure. The nanowire array core is formed by vertically aligned nanowires with quantum dots distributed along their surface. The quantum dots are encapsulated in an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite layer, which is then coated with a shell layer. The nanowire array is then connected to a second transport layer, creating a composite nanowire array structure with enhanced absorption capabilities.

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Perovskite quantum dot solar cells with improved efficiency and stability through the use of a novel ligand-free light absorption layer. The solar cells employ a perovskite quantum dot light absorption layer with a dielectric constant of 5-20, achieved through the post-processing of perovskite quantum dot films. This dielectric layer replaces conventional organic anti-solvents, enabling higher efficiency and reduced surface recombination through the elimination of surface defects. The solar cells achieve an efficiency of 14.96% under standard AM 1.5G conditions, with improved stability and performance compared to conventional perovskite solar cells.

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A perovskite quantum dot solar cell with enhanced stability through surface repair of the thin film. The cell employs a novel surface treatment approach using tetraacetic acid (TA) molecules, which replaces conventional organic ligands on the perovskite quantum dot surface. This treatment enables improved carrier mobility and reduced non-radiative recombination in the device, while maintaining the crystal structure of the perovskite material during thin film preparation. The treatment is achieved through spin coating of the TA solution onto the perovskite film before deposition of the electron and hole transport layers. The resulting device exhibits improved efficiency compared to conventional methods, with enhanced stability and carrier mobility.

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A high-stability perovskite solar cell with enhanced conversion efficiency, achieved through a novel processing method that addresses the conventional stability issues of three-dimensional perovskite solar cells. The method involves ozone cleaning of the ITO glass substrate before deposition, followed by the deposition of the perovskite material. This approach not only improves the stability of the perovskite layer but also enables the fabrication of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells with superior performance compared to traditional three-dimensional perovskite solar cells.

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A light absorption layer for solar cells that enables efficient two-stage light absorption through the formation of an intermediate band. The layer comprises perovskite material and quantum dots with valence band edges below the perovskite valence band edge, creating an intermediate band. This layer enables enhanced two-stage light absorption compared to conventional perovskite solar cells, where the valence band edge is above the perovskite valence band edge. The layer's intermediate band enables efficient absorption of both visible and near-infrared light, thereby improving solar cell efficiency.

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A perovskite solar cell and manufacturing method that improves efficiency and stability through controlled interface engineering between heterojunction materials. The method employs a solution process to form a uniform quantum dot perovskite layer that exhibits passivated grain boundaries and increased surface area, enabling enhanced bonding properties between the perovskite and hole transport layers. The process integrates these quantum dot perovskite layers with electron transport and hole transport layers, creating a perovskite solar cell with improved performance and stability.

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A novel perovskite solar cell structure that enhances photoelectric conversion efficiency by optimizing the perovskite active layer and hole transport layer. The structure incorporates silver-indium-sulfur quantum dots (AgInS2) in the active layer at a specific concentration, and cobalt-doped nickel oxide (Co:NiOx) in the hole transport layer. This composition and doping strategy improves internal coverage, reduces light absorption loss, and optimizes perovskite solar cell performance.

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A light absorption layer for solar cells that enables efficient conversion across visible and near-infrared spectral regions. The absorption layer comprises a perovskite compound with quantum dots containing a halogen element and organic ligand, with a specific molar ratio of ligand to metal element. This composition enables the absorption of visible light while also facilitating the transfer of charge carriers. The layer can be formed through wet processing methods, such as spin coating or printing, and can be used in conjunction with conventional perovskite solar cells to achieve high conversion efficiency.

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A light absorption layer for solar cells that enables efficient conversion across visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. The layer comprises a perovskite compound and quantum dots containing chlorine (Cl) elements. The perovskite compound provides the light absorption, while the quantum dots enhance the absorption in the near-infrared region. This dual-band absorption enables solar cells to achieve high conversion efficiency across both visible and near-infrared light spectra.

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Inorganic perovskite quantum dots (CsPbI3) with enhanced solar cell efficiency through surface ligand exchange. The method involves treating the perovskite quantum dot layer with a ligand exchange solution containing an alkali metal salt, which directly replaces the long-chain oleate ligands with short-chain OAc ligands. This surface modification enables improved charge transport and band alignment, leading to higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) values compared to conventional methods. The solution can be prepared using alkali metal salts like sodium acetate, which eliminates the need for hydrolysis and subsequent decomposition issues associated with traditional ligand exchange processes.

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A light absorption layer for solar cells that combines perovskite compounds with quantum dots to enhance photoelectric conversion efficiency. The layer contains perovskite compounds at the conduction band edge and quantum dots at the valence band edge, with the quantum dots having a circularity of 0.50 to 0.92. This configuration enables efficient absorption of visible light across the solar spectrum, particularly in the red and near-infrared regions, while maintaining the perovskite's high carrier mobility and stability.

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Semi-transparent quantum dot-based solar cells with enhanced light absorption and stability. The solar cells feature a conductive glass substrate, a light-absorbing quantum dot layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and metal electrodes. The quantum dot layer comprises wide bandgap perovskite materials that selectively absorb ultraviolet light, while the electron and hole transport layers provide efficient charge carrier transport. The device structure can be either upright or inverted, with the electron transport layer serving as the active layer. The solar cells achieve high photoelectric conversion efficiency through optimized quantum dot preparation and device architecture.

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Quantum dots prepared through a novel method that enables the creation of quantum dots with dual emission characteristics. The method involves doping perovskite quantum dots with manganese ions and incorporating halogen ions into the perovskite structure. The perovskite quantum dots emit intrinsic luminescence, while the manganese ions emit a secondary luminescence through doping. This dual-emission capability enables the creation of quantum dots with a broader emission spectrum compared to traditional perovskite quantum dots. The method utilizes surfactants and cosolvents to facilitate the doping process.

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Chalcogen-doped perovskite quantum dots exhibiting enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield and improved stability. The chalcogen is incorporated into the perovskite lattice structure, specifically at halogen sites, through a controlled doping process. This incorporation enables the formation of quantum dots with reduced quenching defects compared to conventional alloyed perovskites. The resulting quantum dots exhibit improved thermal stability and emission characteristics, particularly at low temperatures, while maintaining their photoluminescence quantum yield.

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A perovskite solar cell with enhanced charge transport through co-doping of water-soluble and alcohol-soluble carbon quantum dots. The cell incorporates PEDOT:PSS as the hole transport layer and PCBM as the electron transport layer, with the carbon quantum dots selectively incorporated into the PCBM active layer. The carbon quantum dots, which are prepared through a hydrothermal method, are doped into the PEDOT:PSS layer to reduce Coulombic interactions between the conjugated polymer and the metal oxide, while their smaller size enables them to penetrate the perovskite grain boundaries. This results in improved charge carrier mobility and reduced light scattering, leading to enhanced solar cell efficiency.

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A perovskite quantum dot solar cell with improved charge transfer efficiency through surface treatment of the quantum dots. The cell employs a novel surface treatment protocol that involves cesium salt treatment of the quantum dot film before hole injection. This treatment process enables complete removal of surface ligands, which are responsible for the short-circuit current limitations in perovskite solar cells. The treatment is achieved through controlled exposure to cesium salt solutions, followed by a series of cleaning steps to remove residual ligands. The modified quantum dot film then undergoes hole injection and electron transport layer deposition, resulting in a solar cell with enhanced charge transfer properties and improved performance compared to conventional perovskite solar cells.

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Solar cell with dual photoelectric conversion function that enables enhanced light-to-electricity conversion through a novel nanoscale architecture. The cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a two-dimensional ordered array carrier transport layer (n-type/ρ-type), a quantum dot layer, a perovskite photoelectric conversion layer, and a carrier transport layer stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The dual conversion function leverages quantum dots and perovskite materials to achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency compared to traditional single-conversion solar cells.

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Photoactive devices, particularly solar cells, that enhance efficiency through an insulating tunneling layer between perovskite and electrode layers. The layer comprises cross-linked fullerene with an alkyl ammonium dopant, which improves water resistance while enhancing electron transfer between the fullerene and electrode. This dual-layer architecture addresses charge recombination at perovskite grain boundaries and electrode interfaces, while maintaining high carrier mobility.

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A method for preparing hybrid perovskite quantum dots with tunable emission spectra through temperature-controlled synthesis. The method involves heating a precursor solution to a temperature below its decomposition point, allowing the perovskite material to stabilize in the air. This controlled temperature treatment enables the formation of hybrid perovskite quantum dots with adjustable emission spectra, including red, yellow, and orange colors, while maintaining their stability.

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High-efficiency perovskite solar cells with improved stability and durability, achieved through a novel manufacturing process that enhances the perovskite material's thermal stability and resistance to degradation. The process involves a controlled heat treatment step after precursor powder synthesis, followed by precise deposition of the resulting perovskite material onto electrodes. This approach enables the production of perovskite solar cells with enhanced light absorption and electrical properties, while maintaining their structural integrity over time.

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High-efficiency perovskite solar cells prepared through a novel doping method that incorporates carbon quantum dots into PCBM electron transport layers. The method involves spin-coating PCBM solution doped with carbon quantum dots on perovskite light absorption layers, followed by annealing to form a PCBM/quantum dot electron transport layer. This approach improves electron transport properties, reduces carrier recombination, and enhances separation of photogenerated carriers within the perovskite layer, leading to higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

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Perovskite quantum dots with enhanced optical properties through surface modification. The dots have a core-shell structure with a CsPbX3 core and an Ag shell, where the Ag shell provides a protective barrier against environmental degradation. The Ag shell also enables the dots to exhibit improved photostability and stability in various environmental conditions. This modification enables the perovskite quantum dots to maintain their high quantum efficiency and narrow emission peak width, overcoming the environmental limitations of traditional perovskite quantum dots.

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Controlling the photoluminescence spectrum of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots through temperature regulation. The method involves controlling the synthesis temperature to achieve distinct fluorescence spectra of CsPbBr3 nanoparticles, with photoluminescence quantum efficiency up to 67%. The temperature-dependent fluorescence properties enable the gradual transition from blue to green light emission, offering a controllable approach to optimizing the luminescent properties of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots.

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Solar cell with enhanced light stability through the use of an organic-inorganic perovskite compound in the photoelectric conversion layer. The perovskite layer, comprising a metal halide compound and an amine compound, achieves high crystallinity (70% or higher) and a reduced residual amine content (0.5 mol or less relative to the perovskite compound) when processed through specific conditions. This combination enables improved light stability compared to conventional perovskites, with enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency and reduced degradation over time.

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Wavelength conversion material comprising all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots that enables selective emission of specific wavelengths through controlled size and composition variations. The material comprises CsPb (Br1-bIb)3 quantum dots with tunable emission characteristics, allowing precise control over the spectral output of light-emitting devices. The material's unique optical properties enable selective emission of specific wavelengths, with the emission peak shifting from 557 nm to 687 nm as the I content increases, resulting in a spectral average color rendering index of 95.

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Hybrid perovskite quantum dots with enhanced photoluminescence and dispersibility, achieved through the use of a long-chain organic ligand that restricts the growth of the quantum dot core while maintaining its stability. The ligand, which can be a saturated or unsaturated alkyl acid with at least three carbon atoms, wraps around the core and prevents its growth into the nanocrystal lattice. This design enables the formation of quantum dots with high luminescence quantum yields and improved dispersibility in solutions, while maintaining their structural integrity.

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High-stability perovskite solar cells prepared through a novel TC-NAs core-shell structure and preparation method. The cells feature a TC-NAs core-shell architecture with electron transport layer materials produced through hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. The molecular light-absorbing layer is synthesized through CHsNHsPbls. The TC-NAs core-shell structure enables perpendicular growth of the perovskite layer, significantly enhancing stability compared to conventional perovskite solar cells.

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Flexible perovskite solar cells using graphene as a conductive transparent electrode achieve higher efficiency than conventional TCO-based electrodes. The solar cells employ a graphene-based electrode as the transparent front electrode, which enables high-performance perovskite solar cells on flexible substrates. The graphene electrode enables excellent mechanical flexibility and transparency while maintaining superior optical properties compared to conventional TCO electrodes. The perovskite material is combined with graphene to achieve enhanced charge transport and electron mobility, resulting in a record-breaking efficiency of 17.1% in a flexible device.

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A solar cell design that enables efficient conversion through a perovskite/P-type quantum dot composite structure. The design combines perovskite solar cells with P-type semiconductor quantum dots to separate photo-generated carriers, reduce recombination, and enhance fill factor. The composite structure features a perovskite phase absorber layer, a light-absorbing layer, and a P-type semiconductor quantum dot layer, with precise control over their thickness, concentration, and rotation speed. This architecture enables improved carrier separation and reduced recombination in the solar cell, leading to enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency.

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A method for preparing perovskite solar cells with enhanced visible light absorption through the integration of quantum dots and perovskite materials. The method combines CdSe or CdS quantum dots with PbSe or PbTe infrared absorbers and perovskite organic lead halide materials to expand the perovskite absorption spectrum from visible to ultraviolet and infrared regions. This approach enables perovskite solar cells to achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiencies by optimizing their light absorption across the visible and infrared spectrum.

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Perovskite solar cell with enhanced light absorption through quantum dot-perovskite composite layers. The cell features a transparent conductive substrate, dense electron transport layer, a composite light-absorbing layer comprising quantum dot-perovskite core-shell structures, and a metal electrode layer. The composite light-absorbing layer is prepared through a process involving quantum dot dispersion in a toluene solution, followed by spin coating and thermal annealing. This composite layer combines the absorption properties of perovskite materials with the light-harvesting capabilities of quantum dots, enabling improved solar energy conversion efficiency.

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Perovskite solar cell with a quantum dot size gradient in the active layer, achieved through a novel composite light-absorbing layer structure. The cell features a transparent conductive substrate, a dense electron transport layer, a composite light-absorbing layer with a perovskite/quantum dot core-shell structure, and a metal electrode layer. The composite light-absorbing layer exhibits a V-shaped gradient in the size of the quantum dots, which enhances light absorption across the visible spectrum while maintaining high absorption coefficients in the UV and IR regions. This gradient structure enables efficient light conversion across the entire solar spectrum.

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Solar cells with enhanced stability and efficiency through controlled perovskite crystal growth on nanoporous surfaces. The method involves sequential deposition of organic-inorganic perovskite films on nanoporous substrates, followed by exposure to specific organic ammonium salts. The ammonium salts selectively promote the formation of perovskite crystals with controlled dimensions, enabling higher power conversion efficiencies compared to conventional methods. The resulting solar cells exhibit improved stability and durability, with enhanced performance under cyclic testing conditions.

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