Environmentally Friendly Solvents for Perovskite Solar Cells

A method for preparing high-quality perovskite solar cells on a large area in air, enabling scalable production of photovoltaic devices. The method involves depositing a perovskite precursor layer, followed by a reaction source and solvent solution. The solution is applied to the substrate using a controlled, air-based process that maintains consistent humidity levels. This approach eliminates the need for traditional laboratory-scale glove box operations and enables efficient production of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells.

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A green solvent for perovskite light-absorbing layers of perovskite solar cells that replaces traditional toxic solvents like DMF. The solvent, diethyl methylphosphoryl acetate, provides superior stability, moisture resistance, and film properties compared to DMF. The solvent ratio is optimized to achieve efficient perovskite film preparation while maintaining environmental safety and production feasibility.

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Additive for preparing perovskite material layer through improved precursor solution formulation. The additive is methyl amine acetate ionic liquid, which enables enhanced solvent ratio optimization in perovskite precursor solutions. This formulation enables the creation of perovskite materials with improved crystal structure, surface quality, and stability compared to conventional precursors.

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A low-cost preparation method for perovskite solar cells that enables efficient production of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells without requiring specialized equipment or high-temperature processing conditions. The method involves dissolving perovskite precursor in a solvent, followed by a surfactant-assisted filtration and washing process to produce high-quality perovskite single crystals. The resulting perovskite crystals can be directly used in solar cell fabrication, eliminating the need for complex preparation steps involving inert gas environments or monolithic crystallization.

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Preparation method and application of methylamine iodide for perovskite solar cells through a novel synthesis route. The method involves a controlled crystallization process using a combination of rotary evaporation and controlled atmosphere conditions to produce high-purity methylamine iodide precursor. This approach enables the synthesis of perovskite solar cells with improved purity and stability compared to conventional methods.

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A perovskite solar cell preparation method that enables efficient inverted structure solar cells without hole transport layers. The method employs a low boiling point solvent to rapidly dissolve the mixed component perovskite, resulting in crystallized perovskite layers with improved crystal quality, contact, and carrier mobility. This approach enables the formation of perovskite-based solar cells with enhanced open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor compared to conventional perovskite solar cells.

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Perovskite solar cells with improved efficiency through environmentally friendly preparation methods. The invention presents a perovskite material with a novel chemical structure that enables enhanced photovoltaic performance through optimized preparation conditions. The material's unique composition, comprising specific organic molecules, leads to improved crystal quality and reduced production costs compared to traditional lead-based perovskites. The solar cells, comprising the material, achieve high efficiency levels through their enhanced photovoltaic properties.

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A method for preparing perovskite films through a green solvent-based approach that improves crystal quality, defect density, and radiative recombination efficiency compared to conventional solvents. The method involves dissolving perovskite precursors in a green solvent blend, which is then applied to a substrate surface through spin-coating. The green solvent blend eliminates the need for dropwise solvent addition, simplifying the process while maintaining uniformity and preventing defects. The green solvent blend can be prepared by mixing green solvents with green antisolvents. This approach enables the production of high-quality perovskite films with improved performance characteristics.

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A mixed solvent system for perovskite solar cell preparation through solution processing, enabling the development of perovskite photovoltaic devices while minimizing environmental impact. The system comprises a solvent comprising gamma-valerolactone, a food-grade spice, and a non-toxic solvent like ethanol or isopropanol. The solvent is used in a solution processing sequence that includes spin coating, anti-solvent treatment, and annealing, resulting in high-quality perovskite films with improved stability and crystallization characteristics compared to conventional N,N-dimethylformamide-based solutions.

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A method for preparing perovskite thin films using a green solvent that replaces conventional hazardous solvents. The method employs gamma-valerolactone as a solvent for perovskite precursor solutions, enabling the production of high-quality perovskite films through solution processing. The process involves spin coating, blade coating, slit coating, and anti-solvent treatment to form quasi-perovskite precursor films, followed by controlled thermal treatment to induce crystallization. The gamma-valerolactone solvent is a food-grade compound that meets the requirements of the GB2760-86 standard for edible spices. This approach enables the production of perovskite solar cells and LEDs while minimizing environmental and health risks associated with traditional solvents.

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A green solvent for perovskite solar cell production that enables room temperature synthesis of perovskite single crystals. The solvent, gamma-valerolactone, is a non-toxic, edible spice that can be used in conventional perovskite synthesis processes. The gamma-valerolactone enables the formation of high-quality perovskite crystals at room temperature without the need for hazardous solvents like N,N-dimethylformamide or dichloromethane. This approach addresses the environmental and operational challenges associated with traditional perovskite synthesis methods.

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A method for synthesizing composite luminescent materials through controlled growth of perovskite nanocrystals within micro/mesoporous materials. The synthesis process involves using green solvents to synthesize perovskite-micro/mesoporous composite materials, where alkali metal ions facilitate controlled growth of perovskite nanocrystals within the porous framework. This approach enables the synthesis of perovskite materials with improved stability and optical properties, particularly in environments where conventional synthesis methods are not feasible.

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Perovskite solar cell with improved stability through a novel perovskite precursor solution. The solution contains a hydrohalide salt with a bulky amine group, which enhances the perovskite's photoelectric properties while preventing the formation of defects that lead to instability. The precursor solution is prepared by combining the hydrohalide salt with methylamine chloride (MACl) in a specific molar ratio, resulting in a perovskite material with improved stability compared to conventional precursors. The solution is then used to form a perovskite thin film through spin-coating and annealing.

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A method for preparing a precursor solution for a seed layer of a perovskite thin film in a solar cell, and a perovskite solar cell and a tandem solar cell to which the same is applied. The method involves preparing a solution containing an organic halide and an alkali halide in a solvent at room temperature, where the solution is completely dissolved. The solution is then applied to the substrate to form a seed layer, and the seed layer is converted into a perovskite layer by applying a specific composition to the seed layer.

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A method for preparing perovskite solar cells using a green solvent system that enables high-performance devices with low environmental impact. The method involves dissolving perovskite precursor materials in a green solvent, which is then used to prepare the perovskite film. The green solvent is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and has excellent solubility properties for perovskite precursor materials, allowing for the formation of high-quality perovskite films. The prepared perovskite film is then used as the light-absorbing layer in the solar cell, enabling significant improvements in photovoltaic performance compared to traditional solvent-based methods.

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A green anti-solvent for perovskite solar cells that enables efficient production of high-quality perovskite thin films through a novel solvent system. The solvent, 1,3-dioxane, is used in combination with conventional anti-solvents to replace traditional solvents while maintaining environmental sustainability. The solvent system enables the crystallization of perovskite materials through green solvents, eliminating the need for hazardous solvents like toluene and chlorobenzene. This approach enables the production of high-quality perovskite films for solar cells, particularly for perovskite solar cells, while reducing environmental impact.

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A functional solvent for preparing lead-tin blended perovskite films in air, enabling green synthesis of high-performance perovskite solar cells without anti-solvent treatment. The solvent comprises a combination of organic amine salts, methylamine acetic acid ionic liquid, and specific additives that enhance crystallization rates and suppress oxidation. The solvent enables the direct preparation of lead-tin blended perovskite films in air, eliminating the need for traditional anti-solvent treatment and glove box environments.

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Solvent system for low-temperature solution processing of perovskite solar cells that enables high-efficiency perovskite thin films at room temperature without post-annealing. The solvent is a mixture of 1,3-dioxolane (DOX) and an alkylamine-alcohol like methylamine in methanol (MM). This solvent system provides good solubility for perovskite precursors at low temperatures compared to conventional solvents like acetonitrile. It allows printing perovskite films at room temperature without annealing for high efficiency. The solvent is stored in a dark room in an inert atmosphere to prevent decomposition.

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Organic compounds of the general formula ABX3 (A=cations such as methylammonium (MA), or formazimine (FA), or Cs, or combinations thereof/s, B=Pb, and X=I, Br, Cl, or combinations thereof) -Inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) materials have recently attracted a great deal of interest due to their promising material properties, easy solution processability, and low material cost to meet the demands of large-area coating direction. Furthermore, due to their high photon absorption rate, carrier mobility, and tunable bandgap between 1.5 eV and 2.2 eV, they are suitable for optical displays, light emitting diodes (LEDs), photovoltaic (PV) cells (e.g. solar cells), and photodetectors.

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A green solvent system for preparing high-efficiency tin-based perovskite solar cells through a simplified and environmentally friendly approach. The system replaces traditional toxic solvents like DMF with a non-toxic solvent blend of diethylformamide (DEF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and acetonitrile (ACN) to prepare perovskite precursor solutions. This green solvent system enables the production of high-quality perovskite solar cells while maintaining environmental safety and regulatory compliance.

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A method to fabricate an inorganic perovskite solar cell using aqueous solutions instead of organic solvents for the active layer. The method involves forming an electron transport layer on a substrate, followed by spin coating a lead bromide film. Then, a cesium iodide aqueous solution is spin coated onto the lead bromide layer, which reacts to form the inorganic perovskite active layer. This allows using water as the solvent instead of flammable, toxic organic solvents commonly used in perovskite cell fabrication. The aqueous method reduces pollution and hazards compared to organic solvents. The cell can be sealed and operated in air, avoiding nitrogen atmospheres.

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A novel method for rapid preparation of high-purity perovskite crystal grains at room temperature through a solvent-catalyzed approach. The method employs a direct addition of a solvent to the reaction mixture, achieving optimal concentrations of 0.5-2.5 mol/L. This approach enables the rapid formation of perovskite crystals without the need for conventional solvents or high-temperature processing, resulting in high-purity perovskite materials. The resulting perovskite films exhibit superior optoelectronic properties compared to conventional methods.

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A room-temperature green synthesis method for producing deep blue perovskite quantum dots through ligand-assisted reprecipitation, enabling the production of high-quality perovskite quantum dots without the need for high-temperature processing or hazardous solvents. The synthesis process involves the controlled crystallization of perovskite at room temperature, where environmentally friendly solvents like water, alcohols, and esters are used to facilitate the growth of the quantum dots. The synthesis method is particularly suited for the preparation of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) by incorporating the synthesized quantum dots into the hole transport layer.

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Method for preparing high-quality organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite thin films using an all-green solvent system. The method employs phosphate ester solvents and n-butyl ether as anti-solvent agents to replace traditional chlorobenzene and toluene in the conventional DMF-based solvent system. This approach eliminates the toxic DMF and chlorobenzene while maintaining the necessary anti-solvent properties for perovskite crystallization. The phosphate ester solvents, specifically trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, and tripropyl phosphate, provide a non-toxic and environmentally friendly alternative to chlorobenzene and toluene. The phosphate ester solvents enable the formation of high-quality organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films with improved crystallinity and optical properties.

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A novel method for preparing perovskite solar cells using a low-temperature protonic liquid solvent. The method involves annealing a protonic liquid solution on a conductive substrate at temperatures between 40°C and 120°C for 5 minutes to create a dense and uniform active layer. This approach enables the preparation of perovskite solar cells with improved phase stability and optoelectronic properties, particularly in air environments, without the need for high-temperature annealing or additional additives.

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Ionic liquid-based perovskite precursor solution for perovskite solar cells, enabling high-quality perovskite light-absorbing layers and large-area thin-film preparation. The solution comprises an ionic liquid with a dimethylamine cation as the solvent, combined with divalent lead salt and/or tin salt cations uniformly dispersed in the liquid. This ionic liquid-based precursor solution offers improved environmental sustainability, enhanced film properties, and enhanced scalability compared to conventional DMF/DMSO mixed solvents.

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Perovskite solar cell with controllable operating time window through a novel perovskite precursor solution that can be formulated with different solvent ratios. The solution enables the deposition of perovskite films with extended processing windows, allowing for efficient production of large-area solar cells while maintaining photoelectric conversion efficiency. The solution's composition can be optimized to achieve specific processing conditions through the controlled ratio of solvents, enabling the development of scalable perovskite solar cell manufacturing processes.

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A green solvent system and mixed solution for preparing perovskite solar cell layers, enabling high-throughput roll-to-roll production while maintaining environmental sustainability. The system comprises dimethyl carbonate as a solvent, which replaces traditional high-boiling-point solvents like DMF and DMSO. The mixed solution combines raw materials for forming the perovskite layer with the solvent system, enabling controlled morphology formation through precise solvent composition.

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A wide band gap perovskite solar cell with enhanced stability and efficiency through the use of an ionic liquid solvent in the perovskite precursor solution. The solvent, specifically methylammonium acetate, enables the preparation of high-quality wide band gap perovskite films with improved crystal structure and defect density, leading to superior device performance compared to traditional mixed solvent systems. The ionic liquid solvent facilitates the formation of dense and smooth perovskite films, while maintaining high device efficiency and stability under operating conditions.

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A high-speed perovskite solution for efficient photovoltaic applications. The solution comprises a solvent, organic perovskite precursor, and inorganic perovskite precursor, with a specific concentration profile that enables uniform coating at high deposition rates. The solution maintains a higher solvent concentration than conventional perovskite solutions, allowing for thinner wet layers while maintaining uniformity. The solution's specific composition enables stable and uniform drying processes, eliminating conventional drying methods' limitations.

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A method for preparing high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells using a novel ionic liquid methylamine formate as a precursor. The method involves preparing the ionic liquid by reacting methylamine formate with lead iodide (PbI2) in a controlled environment, followed by the deposition of lead iodide perovskite on a substrate. The ionic liquid is specifically designed to maintain stability under high-humidity conditions while maintaining the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells.

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A method for preparing CsPbBr3 perovskite films through a single-step process that eliminates the need for toxic solvents like DMF and methanol. The method involves dissolving CsBr in a water-ethylene glycol-ethylene oxide (EG) mixture to form a CsBr solution, followed by dissolving PbBr2 in triethyl phosphate (TEP) to form a PbBr2 solution. The solution is then combined in a controlled manner to form a CsPbBr3 film through a spin-coating process. The film is then annealed to ensure stability and uniformity. This approach enables the production of high-quality CsPbBr3 films without the environmental and health risks associated with traditional solvent-based methods.

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A method for synthesizing a copper perovskite photoelectric material through a novel organic-inorganic hybrid approach that addresses environmental and safety concerns. The synthesis involves the controlled incorporation of diaminopropylamine (DAP) into the perovskite structure, replacing traditional methylamine lead iodide while maintaining high efficiency and stability. The DAP incorporation enables the creation of a perovskite material with improved environmental sustainability and safety profiles compared to traditional lead-based materials.

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A method for preparing high-performance perovskite solar cells through in-situ growth of a large area of 2D perovskite film on a 3D quasi-single crystal perovskite layer. The method involves using a saturated steam of butylamine as the precursor solution, which is selectively absorbed onto the 3D perovskite surface while maintaining the quasi-single crystal structure. This approach enables the formation of high-quality 2D perovskite films on the 3D perovskite substrate without damaging the 3D structure, while minimizing the use of heavy metal lead and organic solvents. The method enables the creation of large-area 2D perovskite films for photovoltaic applications, with closed recycling of precursor and solvent solutions to reduce environmental impact.

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A green solvent for perovskite solar cells that enables air-based preparation through room temperature molten salt synthesis. The solvent, methylamine acetate, replaces traditional toxic solvents like DMF and chlorobenzene, allowing for the production of perovskite solar cells without the environmental and health risks associated with these materials. The molten salt synthesis process enables the fabrication of perovskite solar cells at room temperature, enabling rapid and cost-effective production of high-efficiency solar cells.

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A perovskite material with high photoelectric conversion efficiency and thermal stability, prepared through a novel synthesis route that eliminates the need for high-temperature annealing and conventional solvents. The material is APbI3·EDAPbI4, where A is either methylamine (MA) or cesium ion (Cs), and EDA is ethylenediamine ion. The synthesis involves a controlled reaction between the complex Pbl2·HI and EDAPbI4 precursors, resulting in a material with superior thermal stability and photoelectric performance compared to conventional perovskites.

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A method for preparing high-quality methylamine lead iodide perovskite films through a one-step solution spin coating process. The method employs lead xanthate complexes as precursors to synthesize the perovskite material, enabling uniform, dense, and smooth films with controlled morphology. This approach enables the production of high-quality perovskite films for solar cells, particularly in applications requiring precise control over crystal structure and uniformity.

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A method for preparing perovskite solar cells without solvents enables the formation of light-absorbing materials with a perovskite structure through a novel combination of thermal and pressure-controlled processing steps. The method involves dissolving component D in a mixture containing components A and B, followed by a temperature increase or pressure reduction step. This controlled environment enables the formation of perovskite structures without the need for solvents, allowing for rapid and efficient material preparation.

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Environmentally friendly perovskite photovoltaic material with improved stability and performance. The material replaces lead with protactinium, barium, zinc, tin, or other elements while maintaining the perovskite structure. This substitution enables enhanced light absorption, improved durability, and reduced toxicity compared to traditional lead-based perovskites. The material can be prepared through a novel synthesis method that balances the structural requirements of perovskites with environmental considerations.

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Binary metal composite perovskite materials for solar cells that reduce lead toxicity while maintaining high efficiency. The materials are perovskite structures with compositions AB, where A is CH3NH3 or NH2, and B is a metal ion (Pb, Ca, Ba). These compositions enable the formation of perovskite solar cells with improved environmental sustainability compared to traditional lead-based materials. The solar cells employ a binary metal composite perovskite structure, where the metal ions are incorporated into the perovskite lattice, while maintaining the perovskite's photovoltaic properties. The composite materials can be used in heterojunction solar cells and can be integrated into commercial solar panels to replace lead-based materials while achieving higher efficiency and reduced environmental impact.

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Perovskite solar cells with organic framework structures that achieve high efficiency through a novel precursor solution approach. The solution contains an organic polymer that forms a supporting skeleton during perovskite synthesis, ensuring uniform film thickness and preventing defects. The polymer's hydrophilic nature enables water management, while its hydrophobic properties prevent water-induced degradation. This approach eliminates the need for metal oxide deposition and high-temperature annealing, simplifying the manufacturing process.

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A perovskite solar cell with a porous organic or organic-inorganic hybrid framework as the active light-absorbing layer. The cell comprises a porous organic or organic-inorganic hybrid material framework, perovskite semiconductor materials infiltrated and filled within the framework to form the active light-absorbing layer, and electrodes sandwiched on both sides to prepare a perovskite solar cell.

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