Interdigitated Back Contact Solar Cells

A back contact solar cell that improves the resolution between the first and second doped semiconductor layers and reduces the difficulty in accurately setting their polarity. The cell features a surface with a positive pyramid suede structure, which enhances the visibility of the doped semiconductor layers through their morphology. This design enables precise identification of the first and second doped layers, particularly when their conductive structures are arranged with opposite polarity, thereby preventing short circuits and improving electrical stability in back contact solar cells.

Source

Reducing recombination losses in back-contact solar cells by optimizing electrode spacing and collector distribution. The cell features a silicon substrate with alternating doped polysilicon layers, each containing finger-shaped regions with collector electrodes. The electrodes in each layer are arranged with alternating collector spacing and distribution patterns, ensuring uniform collector coverage across the polysilicon regions. This design enables efficient carrier transport between the doped regions and the collector electrodes, minimizing recombination losses.

Source

Manufacturing solar cells with enhanced efficiency through novel patterning strategies. The method involves creating a doped region on the back surface of the substrate, followed by the formation of a thin dielectric layer and semiconductor layer. A second doped region is created in the semiconductor layer, and two conductive contacts are established. This configuration enables the formation of a solar cell with improved electrical isolation and current collection properties, thereby enhancing overall efficiency.

Source

Solar cell with improved efficiency through a novel interdigitated back contact architecture. The cell features a substrate with staggered regions and recessed gap regions, where the first and second regions are separated by the gap regions. A conductive layer is formed over the back surface, and a second conductive layer is deposited on top. The second layer is selectively removed through laser ablation, creating a gap region structure. The resulting cell architecture enables enhanced minority carrier transport and collection through the gap regions, while maintaining the conventional p-n junction ratio.

Source

Solar cells and photovoltaic modules with improved back contact technology. The cells incorporate a dividing line between the N-type and P-type regions, with holes at the boundaries. This design enables enhanced electrical isolation and reduced back contact resistance, leading to improved efficiency and reliability in solar power generation.

Source

A back-contacting solar cell with improved process stability through selective contact regions. The cell features a selective contact layer that selectively collects charge carriers at the interface between the shadow face and the metal-chalcogen compound layer, while maintaining electrical isolation between the shadow face and the front contact. This selective contact layer enables precise charge carrier collection and transfer without the need for precise doping alignment, reducing recombination and increasing conversion efficiency. The selective contact layer is deposited within the shadow face region and selectively absorbs charge carriers, while the metal-chalcogen compound layer outside the selective contact region serves as the primary contact point for the front contact.

Source

Back contact solar cell design that enables low-cost mass production of full back electrode contact solar cells while maintaining efficiency. The cell has a semiconductor substrate, tunneling oxide layers, a doped polysilicon layer, and two metal electrodes. The tunneling oxide layers are patterned with gaps. The semiconductor substrate has exposed suede at those gaps. One metal electrode contacts the substrate at those gaps while the other electrode contacts the polysilicon. This provides full back contact without polishing the back surface. The patterned tunneling oxide layers create localized contact points instead of a full-surface contact.

Source

Solar cells with reduced recombination losses through a novel contact arrangement. The cells feature a back-contact configuration where the second contact type is integrated into the semiconductor substrate, with the first contact type on the front side. This arrangement eliminates the conventional front-side contact and base-side contact interfaces, reducing series resistance and recombination currents. The contact interface is formed through localized laser irradiation, creating a passivated region that prevents charge carrier flow. The method enables high-efficiency solar cells with reduced doping requirements, as the second contact type can be selectively integrated into the substrate.

Source

Interdigitated back contact solar cell with improved reverse bias characteristics through a novel doping configuration. The cell features a monocrystalline wafer with a first contact layer comprising a thin silicon oxide layer and highly doped polycrystalline silicon, followed by a gap between the first and second contact layers. A second contact layer with a thin silicon oxide layer and highly doped polycrystalline silicon is then deposited on the same surface. An additional p-doped region is created between the first and second contact layers. This configuration enables enhanced reverse bias performance by creating a p-doped region between the contact layers, which improves the solar cell's ability to withstand reverse bias stress.

Source

Busbar-free interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells achieve high efficiency through a novel metallized electrode structure. The structure comprises alternating finger electrode lines and conductive lines, with the finger lines arranged in a staggered pattern. The finger lines are connected to the conductive lines, which are spaced apart from each other. This design eliminates the conventional busbar, reducing manufacturing complexity while maintaining optimal current collection paths. The structure enables efficient collection of photovoltaic currents from both photovoltaic faces, thereby enhancing overall solar cell performance.

Source

Solar cell design with higher efficiency compared to conventional solar cells. The cell has doped regions on one side of the substrate with higher doping concentration than the substrate. This reduces the saturation current density and improves open-circuit voltage. The doped regions are adjacent to the substrate surface instead of below the electrode to avoid issues like shrinking bandgap and electric field decline. The cell also has textured surfaces with protrusions on one side to improve internal reflection and reduce optical loss. The textured side has wider regions with lower doping concentration. The electrodes contact the conductive layer on this side instead of the substrate side. This prevents transverse current path issues.

Source

A method for fabricating high-efficiency solar cells using ion implantation and selective wet etching. The method employs a novel approach to creating back-contact solar cells by using ion implantation to generate both N-type and P-type emitter regions, followed by selective wet etching to preserve the implanted regions while removing the non-implanted regions. This process enables the creation of high-efficiency solar cells with all back-contact structures, where the implanted regions serve as mask layers during wet etching.

Source

A back-contact solar cell with integrated auxiliary electrodes that enables efficient and cost-effective solar cell modules. The cell features a substrate with light-receiving and back surfaces, where positive and negative electrodes are arranged on the back surface. Auxiliary positive and negative electrodes are strategically placed on the light-receiving surface and connecting regions, enabling direct electrical connection between adjacent cells. The auxiliary electrodes are formed on the connecting regions' side surfaces, facilitating efficient electrical connections between cells. This design enables the formation of solar cell modules with a large light-receiving area through the integration of auxiliary electrodes, while maintaining conventional back-contact architecture.

Source

Interdigitated back contact thin film solar cells that enhance photoelectric conversion efficiency through a novel fabrication approach. The cells feature a transparent conductive layer located on the side of the absorbing layer away from the glass substrate, thereby preventing electrode blocking and reducing parasitic absorption. This design eliminates the need for transparent conductive films that typically cause absorption on the glass substrate, allowing for improved short-circuit current density and overall solar cell performance.

Source

A back-contact solar cell that enhances efficiency by creating a passivation contact structure through sequential doping and oxide layers. The cell features a silicon wafer substrate with a front surface and a back surface, where alternating doping regions are arranged in a linear pattern. A first passivation layer is applied on the doped regions, followed by a second passivation layer on the front surface. A metal electrode penetrates through the first passivation layer and the doped regions, forming an ohmic contact. This dual-passivation structure provides superior surface passivation and contact performance compared to conventional back-contact designs, enabling higher efficiency and reduced recombination losses in the metal contact region.

Source

Solar cell with enhanced efficiency through a novel finger electrode structure. The cell features alternating semiconductor layers with different conductivities on the back surface, with a finger electrode that incorporates a concavo-convex pattern. The finger electrode's surface has a mean square root angle of 21° to 59°, and its base layer is a thin-film metal with a main metal layer laminated on the back surface. The resist pattern is applied to create the finger electrode's concavo-convex shape, which is then etched to expose the underlying metal layer. This design enables precise control of the finger electrode's geometry while maintaining the resist pattern's integrity.

Source

Solar cell with enhanced back electrode structure that improves efficiency through a novel p-type semiconductor substrate configuration. The cell features a p-type semiconductor substrate with a p-type emitter region and a n-type base region on the back surface, where a p-type base region with higher impurity concentration than the substrate is created. A negative charge layer is formed on the back surface, and a p-type base region is selectively created through a heat treatment process that increases the p-type impurity concentration in the base region adjacent to the base electrode. This configuration enables enhanced electron collection and reduced recombination at the base region, thereby improving the overall solar cell efficiency.

Source

Solar cells and solar cell modules that achieve high long-term reliability, high conversion efficiency, and improved output maintenance through novel electrode configurations. The solar cells feature finger-shaped electrodes with strategically positioned auxiliary electrodes connecting their longitudinal ends, enabling local electrical continuity while maintaining structural integrity. This configuration enables improved electrical performance, reduced wiring resistance, and enhanced durability compared to conventional finger electrode designs. The modules employ a vertical bus configuration with finger electrodes connected in parallel, ensuring reliable electrical connections while maintaining structural integrity.

Source

Back contact solar cell with improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness through optimized passivation structure. The cell features a p-type substrate with interdigitated p-n junctions, a negative electrode grid pattern on the n-type doped region, and a positive electrode grid pattern on the p-type region. This arrangement enables enhanced tunneling current through the interdigitated p-n junctions while maintaining efficient contact between the back contacts and the substrate. The negative electrode grid pattern on the n-type region serves as a gate electrode, while the positive electrode grid pattern on the p-type region serves as a source electrode. The negative electrode grid lines connect the negative contacts, while the positive electrode lines connect the positive contacts.

Source

Solar cell with interdigitated back contact and tunneling oxide junctions, featuring a novel interdigital pattern of back contact electrodes and tunneling oxide junctions. The solar cell incorporates interdigitated back contact electrodes and tunneling oxide junctions, where the back contact electrodes form an interdigital pattern while the tunneling oxide junctions are arranged in a tunneling configuration. This configuration enables efficient electron collection and transport across the solar cell interface.

Source

Flexible solar cells with interdigitated back contact architecture enable efficient production of flexible solar panels. The solar cells feature a back contact with a first electrode and second electrode, where the first electrode is coupled to a first plurality of contacts running in a first direction, and the second electrode is coupled to a second plurality of contacts running in a second direction. The solar cells have light-collecting segments that run perpendicular to the first and second directions, with adjacent segments separated by a fixed distance. This configuration enables the formation of a rigid solar cell structure with interdigitated contacts while maintaining the necessary electrical connections.

Source

A solar cell design that improves yield and reliability by preventing electrode short circuits and substrate warping in back-contact solar cells. The design features a sequential lamination of the semiconductor substrate, a conductive layer, and electrode layers, with the electrode layers covering the underlying semiconductor layers. The design incorporates a unique bus bar structure with thinner finger portions at the base, where the base bus bar portion and finger portions intersect along the longitudinal direction. This design configuration prevents electrode interconnections and substrate warping while maintaining the conventional back-contact architecture.

Source

Back-contact solar cells achieve high efficiency through a novel architecture where the light-absorbing surface of the solar cell is formed on the back side of the silicon substrate, while the current collectors are positioned on the front side. The solar cell features a unique structure where the light-absorbing surface is created through patterning of the silicon substrate, and the current collectors are arranged in a linear configuration with alternating contacts. This arrangement enables efficient collection of light while minimizing series resistance through optimized current collector geometry.

Source

Solar cell contact finger and pad arrangement for enhancing efficiency through optimized interconnect geometry. The arrangement features a novel contact finger design that incorporates a tapered profile with a specific angle to the substrate surface, while maintaining a uniform width. This configuration enables improved electrical contact resistance while maintaining structural integrity, resulting in enhanced solar cell efficiency compared to conventional designs.

Source

IBC solar cell structure with enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency through novel back electrode design. The solar cell employs a back electrode comprising a conductive metal layer with a specific pattern of microstructures that creates a high-quality interface with the silicon substrate. This design enables improved carrier collection and reduced series resistance, leading to enhanced conversion efficiency compared to conventional Doping structures.

Source

A manufacturing method for a photovoltaic cell with a unique back electrode structure that enhances efficiency by creating a series of interconnected openings. The method involves forming a series of parallel openings in the semiconductor substrate's backside, followed by creating a diffusion field that extends from one end of the openings to the other. This diffusion field serves as a pathway for the photovoltaic current to flow through the openings, creating a series of interconnected paths that allow multiple current paths to emerge from the backside. The method enables the creation of a photovoltaic cell with enhanced current collection capabilities compared to conventional backside contact structures.

Source

A solar cell and module design that reduces power loss by optimizing current path distribution through a novel interdigitated electrode arrangement. The cell features two interdigitated electrode groups with alternating finger electrodes, each comprising a bus line and multiple electrode elements. The interdigitated electrode groups are arranged in a staggered pattern across the solar substrate, with a connecting electrode connecting the groups. This configuration enables shorter current paths while maintaining uniform current collection across the electrode groups. The design incorporates an insulating layer between the connecting electrode and the substrate bus to prevent electrical shorts.

Source

A solar cell structure with enhanced back electrode coverage through novel finger electrode designs. The structure features back electrodes with strategically positioned finger-shaped openings that intersect with adjacent openings, creating a network of interlocking contact points. This configuration enables the formation of a continuous, three-dimensional back contact pattern that maximizes electrode coverage while maintaining structural integrity. The finger-shaped openings are spaced 5-300 microns apart and have diameters of 10-100 microns, allowing for precise control over electrode spacing and coverage.

Source

Solar cell structure featuring finger-shaped electrodes on the back of the solar cell, where each electrode has a specific opening area corresponding to a back electric field region. The electrodes are arranged at regular intervals on a thin layer with multiple opening regions, and their back sides make contact with the back electric field regions through these openings. This configuration enables efficient light collection while maintaining structural integrity.

Source

Back-contact solar cells using P-type silicon substrates, featuring a novel approach to conventional interdigitated back contact (IBC) architecture. The P-type substrate is treated to create a textured light-receiving surface, followed by planarization of the back surface. The substrate is then doped with boron and phosphorus to form a p-n junction, with strategically arranged doped regions and anti-passivation layers. The back contact is achieved through a novel multi-layered structure with a second passivation layer, enabling improved efficiency and reliability compared to conventional IBC designs.

Source

A back-contact heterojunction solar cell with improved light absorption efficiency through a novel internal curved surface design. The cell features a silicon wafer base layer with a recessed P-type contact area that transitions from intrinsic to emitter, followed by a conductive dielectric layer, emitter electrode, and back contact. The curved surface morphology in the back contact area enhances light absorption by reducing internal reflection losses. This design approach addresses the traditional limitations of full-back electrode structures in reducing light absorption while maintaining high efficiency.

Source

Solar cell with a novel electrode configuration that enables efficient light transmission through the substrate while maintaining structural symmetry. The cell features a transparent conductive film covering the back surface, with a second conductive layer on the front surface. This configuration eliminates the conventional electrode profile issues associated with conventional back-contact solar cells, where light is reflected and absorbed differently between the front and back surfaces. The transparent conductive film serves as a reflective layer, while the second conductive layer provides electrical connection between the front and back surfaces. This configuration enables the solar cell to achieve high power conversion efficiency while maintaining structural integrity.

Source

Solar cell with enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency through optimized interconnect design. The cell features a single-crystal semiconductor substrate with a main surface, a conductive first layer on the main surface, and a second conductive layer in a region where the first and second layers overlap. The cell incorporates bus bars with integrated finger structures that connect the conductive layers, while maintaining a separate insulating layer between the layers. This interconnect architecture enables efficient electrical connections while maintaining the structural integrity of the solar cell.

Source

Solar cell with improved interdigitated contacts through a novel front field structure. The cell features a front field layer with lateral resistivity modulation, where resistances vary across the layer. This modulation enables precise control over contact widths and positions, enhancing contact alignment and collection efficiency. The front field layer is designed with strategically positioned resistivity regions to optimize contact spacing and alignment. The resistivity modulation is achieved through a combination of resistivity variations across the front field layer and the intrinsic semiconductor layer. This approach enables precise control over contact dimensions and positions, improving minority carrier collection and reducing recombination losses.

Source

Back-contact solar cell with improved electrode formation and passivation techniques. The cell features a back contact structure with a unique isolation zone between the negative and positive electrodes, where a recessed area is created through corrosion and doping. This isolation zone enhances electrode formation accuracy and prevents short circuits during screen printing. The cell's passivation layers are deposited on both the light-receiving surface and the back of the cell, ensuring reliable electrical contact and preventing degradation. The isolation zone provides a critical separation zone between the electrodes, enabling precise electrode formation and maintaining battery stability.

Source

Solar cell with improved light absorption and conversion efficiency. The cell comprises a substrate, first electrode layer, second electrode layer, titanium oxide layer, alumina layer, contact layer, electrode, and bus electrode network. The bus electrode network features vertical finger-shaped electrodes with finger-shaped electrode and connection line electrodes. The finger-shaped electrodes are arranged on both sides of the bus electrode, with the top end of the connection line electrode connected to two adjacent electrode fingers. The cell architecture incorporates a vertical finger-shaped electrode structure that enhances light absorption while maintaining structural integrity.

Source

A back-contact solar cell that enhances light absorption by using a dual-doped intrinsic layer. The cell features a solar cell substrate with a semiconductor substrate body and a plurality of first-type semiconductor doped regions. The first-type semiconductor doped regions are arranged on the light-receiving surface, with each having a higher doping concentration than the first doping concentration. This dual-doped structure creates a localized region of enhanced carrier concentration, allowing more efficient absorption of incident light. The dual-doped intrinsic layer serves as the base for the solar cell, while the second-type semiconductor layer provides additional carrier generation. The back-contact configuration enables direct contact between the intrinsic layer and the second-type semiconductor layer, bypassing the conventional front-contact structure.

Source

Solar cell with enhanced efficiency and durability through a novel electrode structure. The cell features a semiconductor substrate with parallel finger electrodes that divide the light receiving surface into multiple segments. Each segment has its own back surface bus bar electrodes, with additional connecting lines between adjacent segments. This configuration enables uniform current distribution across the light receiving surface while maintaining high efficiency. The cell incorporates frame lines at both ends of the finger electrodes to connect them, ensuring structural integrity and preventing edge defects. The dividing width is between 30 μm and 2000 μm, with a preferred range of 30 μm to 5000 μm.

Source

Solar cell with enhanced current collection efficiency through a novel electrode structure. The cell features alternating n-type and p-type regions on its back surface, with an electrode layer connecting the regions. The electrode layer includes an n-side electrode and a p-side electrode, with a sub-electrode connecting the regions across adjacent cells. This configuration enables efficient current collection through the formation of subcells with intersecting electrodes, while maintaining high current collection efficiency.

Source

Solar cell with improved power generation efficiency through optimized electrode design. The cell features a back junction architecture where n-type and p-type field regions are arranged in a back-to-back configuration. The cell structure includes a separation field between adjacent subcells, with the n-type and p-type electrodes extending in the second dimension. This configuration enables reduced electrode resistance while maintaining high current collection efficiency, particularly beneficial for back junction solar cells.

Source

Back contact solar cell with improved finger electrode design to enhance current collection efficiency and device yield. The cell features a unique finger electrode configuration where the positive and negative finger electrodes are arranged in parallel with each other, with the positive finger electrodes extending along the substrate surface and the negative finger electrodes extending along the substrate surface. This parallel arrangement eliminates the traditional staggered configuration while maintaining the conventional bus electrode structure. The parallel finger electrodes are connected to the N-type and P-type doped layers, respectively, and are electrically isolated from each other. This configuration enables the fingers to collect current while maintaining the conventional bus structure, thereby improving the solar cell's overall efficiency and yield.

Source

Back-contact solar cell with improved shunt resistance and reduced leakage current through a novel doping region configuration. The cell features a doping region on one side wall of the conducting hole, which enables precise control over the doping profile and junction depth. This doping region serves as a separate doping layer that can be selectively activated during the solar cell fabrication process, allowing precise control over the doping profile and junction depth. The bus electrode fills the conducting hole and is electrically connected to the front-side finger electrode, eliminating the need for simultaneous doping of the sidewall. This configuration improves shunt resistance and reduces leakage current compared to conventional back-contact solar cells.

Source