Small Molecule Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Optoelectronic material for organic solar cells that enhances photoelectric conversion efficiency through a novel donor material. The material, comprising a specific organic compound with a benzodione backbone, achieves high efficiency in organic solar cells by providing a precise balance of electron and hole transport properties. The compound's unique molecular structure enables optimized energy level matching between donor and acceptor materials, resulting in improved device performance.

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High-efficiency ternary quasi-planar heterojunction organic solar cells with improved stability and performance compared to prior ternary cells. The cells have a composite active layer containing a donor polymer (PBDB-TF) and two acceptor polymers (BTP-BO-4Cl and BTP-BO) that are phase-separated. The acceptors have different terminal functional groups to enhance binding. An additive (1,8-diiodooctane) is added to the acceptor composite to improve light absorption and hole mobility. The phase separation and additive help prevent agglomeration and stabilize the cell.

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Organic photovoltaic cells with improved efficiency through the design of low-cost, high-performance active layer materials. The invention introduces a novel molecular structure where a branched alkyl group replaces the traditional fused structure in the central unit of organic photovoltaic materials. This non-fused design enables the creation of photovoltaic materials with enhanced light-harvesting capabilities while maintaining low-cost synthesis. The branched structure enables efficient electron transfer and charge separation, leading to improved photovoltaic efficiency. The resulting materials can be used to prepare high-performance organic solar cells with improved light absorption and conversion efficiency.

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High-efficiency quaternary organic solar cell with vertical phase separation in the active layer for improved charge extraction. The cell uses a blend of four materials - wide bandgap polymer donor PM6 and three non-fullerene acceptors L8-B0, BTP-S8, and BTP-S2. The specific choice of materials allows complementary absorption and controlled morphology to optimize charge collection. The cell structure is anode/modification layer/PM6:(L8-B0, BTP-S8, BTP-S2)/cathode modification layer/cathode.

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Organic solar cell with improved efficiency and preparation method. The cell structure has a sequential arrangement of conductive base, buffer layers, and active layer containing electron donor PM6 and non-fullerene acceptor N3, without fullerene. The active layer also contains a small amount of bis(pentafluorophenyl)zinc. This composition and order of materials in the active layer improves the conversion efficiency of organic solar cells. The cell is prepared by coating the layers in sequence on a conductive substrate, annealing after each layer, and adding the top electrode.

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A non-toxic additive for organic solar cells that improves device efficiency by enhancing the morphology and crystallinity of the active layer. The additive is a hydroxy pyrimidine derivative called ROPD. It has a general formula with a hydroxyl group. This additive is blended with the donor and acceptor materials in the active layer solvent. The hydrogen bonding between ROPD and the donor improves the morphology, crystallinity, carrier dissociation, and transport in the active layer.

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A novel bulk material for organic solar cells that combines electron acceptor and donor functionalities through intramolecular hydrogen bonding and dipole interactions. The material comprises a conjugated backbone with an electron acceptor unit and an electron donor unit, which form a supramolecular conjugated system. This structure enables the formation of a self-assembled active layer through hydrogen bonding and dipole interactions, leading to improved light absorption and charge transport properties. The material can be used as an additive in organic solar cells to enhance energy conversion efficiency and stability.

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A single-bond coupled electron acceptor material for organic solar cells that achieves enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency through a novel structural design. The material comprises a core with an electron-donating unit and two terminal units that are coupled through a single bond, forming an electron-withdrawing unit (A) - electron-donating unit (D) - electron-withdrawing unit (A) structure. This design eliminates the photoisomerization issues associated with traditional electron acceptor structures while maintaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

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Organic solar cell that can be used for in a wide range of applications, including non-fullerene organic solar cells (NF-OSCs) to obtain higher energy conversion efficiency. The cell comprises an anode which is arranged on the surface of the anode in a laminated mode, and an organic solar cell that is prepared using the quinacridone derivative or the nitrogen-doped quinacridone derivative as a cathode interface material.

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Non-fused middle-band gap electron acceptor material for organic solar cells, comprising a donor material and a non-fused middle-band gap acceptor material with a molecular structure of A-DA'-DA. The non-fused middle-band gap acceptor material exhibits a unique electronic structure that enables efficient charge separation in organic solar cells, while the donor material enhances the material's overall photovoltaic performance.

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Organic photovoltaic materials with improved efficiency through the use of benzopyrazine-based donor cores. The materials incorporate benzopyrazine donor units connected to planar acceptor molecules, which enable enhanced charge transport and reduced recombination losses compared to conventional fullerene-based acceptors. The donor units are prepared through a novel chemical reaction pathway that enables precise control over molecular structure and planarity. The resulting materials exhibit improved photovoltaic performance, including enhanced open-circuit voltage and power conversion efficiency, while maintaining good crystallinity and solution processability.

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Organic donor photovoltaic materials with improved efficiency through the substitution of chlorine atoms in silyl groups. The materials exhibit enhanced light absorption and electron transport properties, enabling higher conversion efficiencies in organic solar cells. The synthesis involves a two-step process involving the formation of a phosphonium salt intermediate, followed by a coupling reaction with tetrakis(4,4'-bipyridine)phosphonium chloride.

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Organic semiconductor compound and solar cell with enhanced electron acceptor properties. The compound has a long exciton diffusion distance, enabling efficient electron-hole separation even in organic solar cells with double-layer structures. The compound's unique absorption and emission spectra allow it to act as an effective electron acceptor in organic solar cells, while maintaining high efficiency. The compound's Stoke's shift is within the range of 30-50 nm, which is critical for achieving optimal electron-hole separation in organic solar cells.

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Organic solar cells based on benzodithiazole near-infrared receptors achieve high open-circuit voltages through the use of near-infrared responsive electron acceptors with low HOMO energy levels. The novel electron acceptors incorporate thiophene [3,4-b]thiophene with a dilute effect between the indenylidene (IDT) and end of the cyanindanone, enabling extended absorption beyond 1000 nm. This approach addresses the limitations of conventional organic solar cells by reducing the electron acceptor's HOMO energy level, resulting in improved open-circuit voltage values.

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Organic solar cell active layer comprising an N-phenylalkylamide derivative additive and a preparation method thereof. The active layer comprises a donor polymer and an electron acceptor polymer blended in an organic solvent, and the solvent is then dissolved with the additives in a mixed solution. The mixed solution is then spin-coated onto the anode buffer layer to form the active layer.

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Organic small molecule photovoltaic material with a benzodithiophene donor core, featuring a precise molecular weight and reduced synthesis batch variability. The material comprises a dithiophene benzodithiophene donor core, which provides a high power conversion efficiency through its unique electronic structure. The material's molecular weight and purity are maintained through controlled reaction conditions, resulting in a consistent performance across batch runs. This material can be used as a donor in organic photovoltaic devices, particularly in applications requiring precise molecular weight control.

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A method for preparing high-efficiency organic solar cells with improved charge transport properties. The method involves preparing a substrate with a surface roughness below 1 nm, followed by nitrogen plasma cleaning. The cathode buffer layer is then prepared through spin coating and thermal annealing, followed by photoactive layer deposition. The anode buffer layer is then evaporated, and metal deposition completes the solar cell structure. This approach addresses the limitations of conventional star-shaped small molecule solar cells by enhancing charge transport through improved surface interactions and microphase separation.

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High-efficiency organic solar cells with improved stability and efficiency through the use of a novel amphiphilic small molecule additive in the photoactive layer. The additive enhances phase separation control, microscopic film crystal size uniformity, and receptor molecule orientation in the active layer, leading to enhanced device performance. The method involves surface cleaning, thermal annealing of the cathode buffer layer, photoactive layer preparation, vapor deposition of the anode buffer layer, and metal anode deposition.

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A quinoxaline derivative receptor material for organic photovoltaic cells with reduced electron-hole recombination. The material, represented by formula I, incorporates a sialoxane-based donor structure that enables efficient electron transfer through a novel quinoxaline-based acceptor. This combination provides high photovoltaic efficiency while minimizing electron-hole recombination, enabling the production of high-performance organic photovoltaic devices with reduced optical losses.

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A novel organic photovoltaic material with improved performance in organic solar cells. The material comprises a thienoisobenzopyran-based donor unit connected to a 5,6-bisfluorobenzothiadiazole acceptor unit. The donor unit achieves high short-circuit current density through its low HOMO energy level and strong absorption spectrum in the visible to near-infrared range. The donor unit is incorporated into a solution-processed bulk heterojunction solar cell with PC71BM as the acceptor material, resulting in enhanced energy conversion efficiency and improved device stability.

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High-efficiency organic solar cells that achieve enhanced light absorption and energy level structure regulation through the design of specific donor and acceptor units in the active layer. The cells incorporate donor materials like PBDB-TF and PBDB-T-2Cl, which are matched with fluorine or chlorine end groups, to improve light absorption while maintaining electron mobility. The donor-acceptor unit architecture enables precise control over the energy level structure, leading to improved solar cell efficiency compared to traditional organic solar cells.

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High-efficiency ternary organic solar cells that achieve significant increases in short-circuit current density while maintaining high open-circuit voltage. The ternary solar cell incorporates a third component that is complementary to the original binary blend film, enabling broadened light absorption and enhanced spectral response. This complementary component enables the formation of a continuous energy level structure across the solar spectrum, thereby increasing the solar cell's absorption capacity and short-circuit current density. The ternary solar cell achieves this through the incorporation of a third component with a narrower bandgap than the original binary material system, which enables the formation of a continuous energy band across the solar spectrum.

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Fluorine-containing benzotriazide-based donor photovoltaic materials for optoelectronic devices with enhanced conversion efficiency. The materials feature a fluorine-containing benzotriazide core with a benzotriazide moiety, which enables improved charge carrier transport and optical absorption compared to conventional donor materials. The materials exhibit high photovoltaic conversion efficiencies, particularly in the visible and near-infrared regions, and can be used in a variety of optoelectronic devices, including solar cells, field effect transistors, and organic light-emitting diodes.

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Organic photovoltaic cell design with an active layer stack that has an additional acceptor layer to broaden the absorption spectrum and increase photocurrent compared to conventional cells. The stack has an electron donor layer, an electron acceptor layer, and an additional acceptor layer adjacent to the first acceptor layer. The second acceptor layer has a larger optical bandgap than the first acceptor layer. The charge-transfer state energy at the interface between the acceptor layers is smaller than the triplet state energy of either acceptor. This allows excitons generated in the second acceptor layer to dissociate or transfer to the first acceptor layer and contribute to the photocurrent.

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Non-doped high-efficiency organic solar cell with multiple cleavage layers in the active layer to increase the number of interfaces for exciton dissociation and improve cell efficiency. The cell structure has a transparent substrate, anode, matrix layer, cleavage layers, cathode modification, and cathode. The cleavage layers are thin insulating films between the matrix layer and electrodes. They provide additional interfaces for exciton splitting and increase the dissociation of excitons generated in the matrix. This prevents recombination and increases current generation compared to single junction cells. The cell efficiency is over 2% when using C70 as the matrix material.

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Organic thin film solar cells with enhanced light absorption properties through the use of novel compounds that exhibit superior light absorption characteristics compared to conventional active layer materials. The compounds have a specific molecular structure with specific functional groups and substituents that enable enhanced light absorption, particularly in the visible and near-infrared regions. These compounds can be incorporated into the active layer of organic thin film solar cells, where they significantly improve the device's energy conversion efficiency.

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Organic solar cell and photodetector with enhanced spectral response through a ternary organic material film. The ternary material combines a donor and acceptor components with a third component that enables broad spectral absorption across the solar spectrum. The film is prepared through a simple process involving the deposition of the donor and acceptor components on a substrate, with the third component incorporated into the film structure. This ternary material approach enables the creation of high-efficiency solar cells and photodetectors with improved spectral response characteristics compared to traditional binary components.

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Organic solar cell with a ternary component active layer that achieves enhanced photoelectric conversion through optimized electron acceptor distribution. The cell comprises a transparent glass substrate, transparent conductive electrode ITO, cathode buffer layer, organic active layer, anode buffer layer, and metal electrode. The active layer contains a 60% polymer donor, 20% to 39% polymer acceptor, and 1% to 20% small molecule acceptor, with the acceptor content carefully controlled to maximize exciton generation in the visible and infrared regions.

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High-efficiency organic solar cells with enhanced open-circuit voltage (P6E) through the optimization of fluorinated electron donor and acceptor combinations. The solar cells feature a fluorinated donor layer blended with fluorinated acceptor, which enables broader absorption across the near-infrared spectrum while maintaining electron mobility. This fluorinated donor-acceptor blend system addresses the limitations of conventional fullerene-based solar cells by addressing the energy level mismatch between donor and acceptor, thereby improving fill factor and efficiency.

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Organic solar cell with improved performance by adding small molecule additives to the active layer. The cell structure is bottom to top: substrate, cathode, active layer, anode. The active layer contains 39-39.5% donor polymer, 58-60% acceptor, and 0.5-3% of benzene-1,4-dithiol, biphenyl-4,4'-dithiol, or p-terphenyl-4,4"-dithiol additives. These small molecules improve charge carrier mobility and light absorption in the active layer, increasing solar cell efficiency.

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Three-phase organic solar cell with improved performance by blending small molecule and polymer materials in the active layer. The cell structure has a substrate, anode, active layer, cathode, and electrode modifications. The active layer is made of a donor (P-type) material containing both small molecule and polymer components. The blending of small molecules and polymers allows broadening the spectral response, adjustable charge transport properties, and improved fill factor compared to using just one type of material. The specific small molecule and polymer compositions and ratios can be optimized for solar cell performance.

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High-performance organic solar cells with enhanced mobility and efficiency through a novel ternary structure. The solar cells employ an inverted architecture with a transparent cathode, a buffer layer, a photoactive layer containing electron donors and acceptors, an anode buffer layer, and a metal anode. The photoactive layer composition is optimized to balance electron mobility and carrier collection, resulting in improved short-circuit current density and fill factor compared to conventional organic solar cells.

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Induced dithiophene photovoltaic material with enhanced absorption and mobility, achieved through a novel synthesis pathway that leverages a simple and universal approach. The material's structure combines a larger conjugated system with broad UV-Vis absorption and improved carrier mobility, enabling efficient solar cell performance. The synthesis involves a straightforward reaction sequence that generates the material from readily available precursors, eliminating the need for complex purification steps.

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Organic solar cells incorporating cyclopentadithiophene derivatives as electron acceptors achieve higher efficiency and stability compared to traditional fullerene-based materials. The solar cells feature a substrate, a cathode, a modified active layer, an anode modified layer, and an anode. The active layer combines electron donors and electron acceptors, with the cyclopentadithiophene derivatives acting as electron acceptors. This approach enables the creation of solar cells with enhanced light absorption, improved energy level structure, and reduced agglomeration between molecules.

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A two-dimensional conjugated benzodiafuran-based organic photovoltaic material with enhanced photovoltaic performance. The material incorporates a two-dimensional conjugated benzodiafuran core with a flexible side chain, which expands the conjugation range and delocalizes electrons. This design enables broader absorption spectra and improved charge carrier mobility compared to conventional two-dimensional conjugated systems. The material demonstrates high photovoltaic efficiency through its optimized electronic structure and enhanced charge transport properties.

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Monomolecular organic semiconductor compound with enhanced optical and electrical properties for solar cells. The compound, represented by formula (1), combines die-cyanobenzodithiophene (DTBDT) with a novel molecular structure that balances solubility, thermal stability, and charge mobility. This compound enables high-efficiency solar cells by incorporating DTBDT into the active layer, where it enhances light absorption and electron transport. The compound's unique molecular structure provides improved hole mobility and charge carrier dynamics compared to conventional organic semiconductor materials.

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Benzodiafuran-based organic photovoltaic materials with enhanced solar conversion efficiency through direct coupling of electron donors and acceptors via the Stille coupling method. These materials exhibit improved carrier mobility and absorption characteristics compared to conventional donor-acceptor pairs, enabling higher power conversion efficiency in solar cells. The synthesis involves a single-step coupling of benzodiafuran donor units with aromatic heterocyclic acceptors, resulting in a stable and efficient photovoltaic material.

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Diketopyrrolopyrrole oligomer and composition containing diketopyrrolopyrrole oligomer for organic semiconductor applications, particularly in organic photovoltaics (Solar cells) and photodiodes, with enhanced field-effect mobility and current switching characteristics. The oligomer is synthesized through a novel reaction pathway that preserves the conjugation in the oligomer structure, enabling high energy conversion efficiency, excellent field-effect mobility, and good current-on/off ratio in organic field-effect transistors, organic photovoltaic devices, and photodiodes.

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Organic solar cells with enhanced charge carrier mobility through a novel molecular design that enables efficient electron-hole separation. The design incorporates a conjugated molecule with a specific molecular structure featuring a push-pull system between the electron and hole transport groups. This molecular architecture enables rapid electron-hole separation through enhanced charge carrier mobility, while maintaining the conventional organic solar cell architecture. The push-pull system maximizes exciton polarization, leading to improved charge carrier collection efficiency.

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An organic solar cell active layer and a preparation method that improves the efficiency of organic solar cells by adding acid derivative compounds to the active layer material solution. The acid derivatives are mixed with the electron donor and electron acceptor materials in the active layer solvent to enhance the device performance. The acid derivatives used are acetic acid esters like R-COOCH3, where R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. These additives are mixed in small amounts (0.05%) with the solvent before spinning on the active layer. The acid derivative additives improve the open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and overall conversion efficiency of the organic solar cells.

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Organic solar cells with high efficiency and flexibility, achieved through the use of an organic semiconductor compound containing an asymmetrically substituted anthracene or benzodithiophene as a parent nucleus. The compound exhibits excellent oxidation stability and electron transport properties, enabling high-efficiency solar cells with wide light absorption and low bandgap energy. The compound is incorporated into the photoactive layer of the solar cell, where it enables efficient charge separation and electron transport. The compound's unique molecular structure enables high short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage while maintaining high filling factor, making it suitable for large-area solar cells.

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Thiophene and phenanthrene derivatives for organic photovoltaic cells with enhanced efficiency and stability. The derivatives exhibit improved open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor compared to conventional organic photovoltaic materials. The preparation involves a two-step process: first, a thiophene derivative is synthesized through a room-temperature reaction with POC13, followed by a thermal treatment in a DMF solvent. The phenanthrene derivatives are prepared through a similar thermal treatment process. The resulting materials can be used to fabricate photovoltaic cells with improved energy conversion efficiency.

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Organic solar cells with a novel cathode architecture that improves light absorption efficiency by utilizing a transparent dopant layer in the cathode. The cell structure is inverted, with the cathode serving as the light absorber and the anode as the charge carrier. The dopant layer in the cathode enhances light absorption across the visible spectrum, while the metal anode provides electrical conductivity. This configuration enables the cell to achieve higher light absorption efficiency compared to conventional organic solar cells, particularly in the visible and near-infrared regions.

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Organic solar cell with improved efficiency using an active layer doped with an up-conversion material. The organic solar cell has an architecture with a transparent conductive substrate, electron transport layer, organic active layer, hole transport layer, and metal electrode. The active layer is made by doping the conventional P3HT:PCBM blend with KLaF4:Yb3+,Er3+ up-conversion material. The mass ratios of KLaF4:Er, P3HT, and PCBM are 0.5-1.0:15:15. The up-conversion dopant converts near-infrared light into visible light, boosting the solar cell's efficiency.

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Organic semiconductors for solar cells that achieve high power conversion efficiency (PCE) through diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives. These compounds exhibit exceptional photovoltaic performance, with some achieving PCEs above 4% in solar cells. The semiconductors are derived from a specific structure where substituents are attached to the pyrrolopyrrole core, enabling efficient charge transport and electron collection. The semiconductors can be used in thin-film solar cells, including organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, and can be integrated into devices such as solar cells, photodiodes, and transistors.

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A conductive organic semiconductor compound with a low bandgap that enables high-efficiency organic solar cells. The compound, represented by specific chemical structures, exhibits excellent hole mobility and high light absorption properties. It is used as a material for organic optoelectronic devices in solar cells, where it enables improved energy conversion efficiency through its unique electronic properties.

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Organic multilayer solar cells combining CuPc and SubPc donor materials through a novel heterojunction approach. The cells achieve high efficiency through a two-layer architecture where CuPc and SubPc donor materials are integrated between electrodes, enabling efficient exciton dissociation at the donor-acceptor interface. The heterojunction structure enables controlled exciton dissociation, while the charge transfer layer facilitates electron-hole separation. The novel approach enables efficient conversion of incident solar energy into electricity while maintaining high efficiency.

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