Corrosion-Resistant Coatings for Solar Cells

A photovoltaic device with improved stability and service life, comprising a first electrode layer, a light absorbing layer, and a second electrode layer stacked in sequence, wherein at least one side of the second electrode layer is provided with a protective layer containing a corrosion inhibitor that includes a combination of imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt, phytic acid, tributylamine octanoate, and derivatives thereof.

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Abstract: Material selection is crucial in concentrated solar power technology due to the significant impact of high-temperature corrosion. The Ni-Al coating on the steel is an effective approach to corrosion resistance. The alterations in microstructure, hardness, toughness, adhesion and corrosion inhibition properties of Ni-Al coatings were examined across varying Al concentrations after oxidation processes. Cracks appeared on the surface of coatings with pre-oxidation Al content ranging from 9.9 at.% to 23.3 at.%, and no continuous Al2O3 oxide film was formed. Notably, as the Al content rose to 41.0 at.%, and a continuous -Al2O3 oxide film was successfully formed. It showed the best toughness and elastic modulus (181.6 GPa), and relatively high coating hardness (8.0 GPa). The corrosion results show that when the Al content is 41.0 at.%, the corrosion resistance of high-temperature molten chloride salt is the best. The oxidation layer formed by the pre-oxidation has a blocking effect on the migration of elements from the molten salt into the coatings. The results provide a route t... Read More

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An anti-corrosion profile for metal components, comprising a substrate with an alloy plating layer and an anti-corrosion coating arranged in sequence. The anti-corrosion coating includes a primer layer and a top layer, both containing at least 5% of 2-5 layers of graphene. The graphene enhances the anti-corrosion performance and adhesion of the coating, while also improving its impact resistance. The profile is suitable for use in various metal components, including frames, brackets, and photovoltaic systems.

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Abstract Solar energy as a clean, renewable energy source is perceived as a potential remedy to the environmental and climate degradation caused by fossil fuels. However, the surface contamination severely diminishes the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar cells. Liquid-repellent coatings that combine transparency and durability could be candidates for self-cleaning application of solar cells. Herein, a smooth liquid-repellent coating (SLRC) was developed by synergizing organosilicon and fluorine and was cured at room temperature. Owing to the low-surface-energy groups and flexible chains enriched on the SLRC surface, as well as cross-linking reactions and functional additives within the SLRC matrix, it exhibited liquid-repellency and UV-shielding properties. Moreover, SLRC could be applied to solar cells by spraying methods and displayed efficient self-cleaning properties. Finally, the adhesion strength and durability of SLRC were also verified, confirming that it had great potential for application in solar cells, opening the avenue for the development of self-cleaning coat... Read More

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This chapter describes the current trends of super-hydrophobic surfaces for corrosion resistance and their applications in coatings. The adversative outcome of corrosion is a widespread and serious problem resulting in the wastage of valuable resources, efficiency reduction, products, contamination, and environmental damage. Inspired by nature, super-hydrophobic surfaces may become a second source for the improvement of metal protection from corrosion. Super-hydrophobic surfaces offer great resistance to corrosion by minimizing the contact area between liquids and a surface. Super-hydrophobic surfaces have been developed artificially and are being applied in settings applications which include anti-icing, self-cleaning, oil-water separation, and particularly anti-corrosion agents.

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Solar cells with improved chemical resistance against contaminants, particularly sodium ions, through the incorporation of an aluminium oxide barrier layer deposited via atomic layer deposition. The barrier layer is capable of reducing contaminant penetration and maintaining solar cell efficiency under damp heat conditions.

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A solar module with improved long-term performance, comprising a protective layer applied to the metallization of the solar cells and/or cell connectors. The protective layer prevents corrosion of the metallization by encapsulation material decomposition products, thereby enhancing the module's resistance to moisture penetration and maintaining its electrical integrity over time.

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This book chapter offers a comprehensive overview of anticorrosive coatings, focusing on various types, their protective mechanisms, and their applications in corrosion protection. For centuries, corrosion of engineering metals and alloys has been an extensive and expensive problem, affecting several industries, such as infrastructure, transportation, and manufacturing. Anticorrosive coatings play a vital role in mitigating corrosion damage by providing a protective barrier between the metal substrate and the corrosive environment. The chapter begins with the introduction of significant corrosion variants and their characteristics, with the importance of anticorrosion coatings. Further delves into an in-depth exploration of different types of anticorrosive coatings based on functionality and compositions with detailed studies on barrier, inhibitive, sacrificial, hybrid, and functional coatings. Each coating type is discussed in terms of its composition, corrosion protection mechanisms, and applications. The chapter highlights the advancement in anticorrosive coatings, such as self-he... Read More

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Corrosion-resistant coatings with self-healing capabilities are still a great challenge for metal protection. In this study, a corrosion-resistant coating with intrinsic self-healing capabilities was developed by compounding hydroxy-terminated silicone oil (HTSO) with 2-ureido-4[1

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The purpose of this report is to compare the coating structure and corrosion mechanism of newly developed Zn-19%Al-6Mg-Si with conventional Zn-Al-Mg alloy coating Zn-11%Al-3%Mg-0.2%Si. In past papers the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Mg alloy coating layers was mainly discussed based on analysis methods that focus on one aspect of early corrosion stage. However, this report focuses on the changes in the corrosion mechanism until the end of the coating lifespan and picks up the factors of the coating layer that contribute to corrosion resistance.

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In recent years, with the development of productivity, the update and iteration of anti-corrosion technology is also advancing rapidly. The innovations of anti-corrosion materials, anti-corrosion technologies, and anti-corrosion mechanisms are emerging in an endless stream. They use different ways to make anti-corrosion stronger, more convenient, and more environmentally friendly. This review summarizes the new discoveries in the field of anti-corrosion in recent years according to different characteristics. These include traditional coatings and corrosion inhibitors that apply new materials; adding nanofillers to the gaps in the coating to prepare new multifunctional coatings; obtaining super-hydrophobic surfaces after special treatment of the coating surface; and discovering the corrosion inhibition effect of bacterial biofilms, and even anti-corrosion coatings suitable for UV preparation. In addition to introducing and analyzing their anti-corrosion methods, the characteristics and application fields of various methods are briefly evaluated. Finally, based on the current developme... Read More

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A method for preparing thin-film solar cells with improved stability, comprising a two-step process for generating an inorganic salt barrier layer. The first step involves reacting a perovskite material with an oxygen-free salt in a solvent to form an oxygen-free inorganic salt, which is then placed in an oxidizing environment to form a dense oxygen-containing inorganic salt barrier layer. The barrier layer prevents anion diffusion between the perovskite material and metal electrodes, enhancing cell stability.

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A backsheet for solar cell modules that prevents partial discharge voltage drop by inserting a barrier coating layer between base layers. The backsheet comprises a first base film layer, a second base film layer, an adhesive layer, and a top coating layer, with the barrier coating layer positioned between the base layers to prevent direct exposure to the outside environment. The barrier coating layer is formed using a sol-gel method and comprises a metal oxide sol, such as alumina, titania, or magnesia. The backsheet provides excellent moisture permeability resistance and secures a sufficient partial discharge voltage.

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A solar cell assembly with improved stability against environmental degradation, comprising a perovskite solar cell encapsulated between glass layers sealed with epoxy, wherein the external surfaces of the assembly are coated with a thin layer of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) having a thickness of 1-50 nm. The ta-C coating enhances the barrier properties of the assembly against moisture and oxygen ingress, thereby extending the lifespan of the solar cell.

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Abstract Currently, singlelayer antireflection coated (SLARC) solar glass has a dominant market share of 95% compared to glass with other coatings or no coating, for Si PV modules. This antireflection coating (ARC) results in an efficiency gain of 23%. However, there are issues with these SLARCs: (1) solar cell warming due to increased subbandgap light absorption (by +0.4 ~ 1.2 K), counteracting the cell current gain and accelerating the aging of the solar panels, and (2) poor durability due to the coating's porous structure (typically lasting 5 years). This paper aims to develop a nonporous multilayer coating (MLC) that is more durable and will act as a spectrally selective filter for solar modules. Studies have been conducted on MLCs in terms of optical, microstructure, mechanical, and durability properties compared with commercial singlelayer AR coatings. The MLCs showed superior performance in durability and benefit in reducing parasitic heat absorption in the nonusable wavelength range. Also, a technoeconomic analysis model based on the multifunctional coating specifical... Read More

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In this article, the electrochemical corrosion of fullarea aluminum backsurface field (AlBSF) and bifacial passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) crystalline silicon (cSi) solar cells subjected to different potential in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution is systematically investigated. Based on different potentialinduced corrosion, the electrochemical corrosion mechanism of cSi solar cells is revealed for the first time. Under zero potential, an important finding is that the silicon beneath silver electrode is corroded and perforated for AlBSF cells. This phenomenon is attributed to the interaction between hydroxide ions from galvanic corrosion and electrons from silicon corrosion. For bifacial PERC cells, the pyramidal structure of silicon surface beneath the aluminum finger is observed at zero potential, which is similar to the silicon texturing etched in alkaline environment. Additionally, it is found that silicon corrosion is inhibited when positive or negative potential is applied to the back of AlBSF and bifacial PERC cells. Moreover, it is observed the aluminum suffers f... Read More

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Recent trends in research and development focus more on the application of polymers to address corrosion problems in petroleum refineries and chemical industries. CPs are widely used as corrosion mitigators due to their conducting nature, resistance to corrosive environments, excellent stability, and thermal properties. Among all CPs, PANi has the promising capability to enhance the service life of industrial structures as a corrosion inhibitor in the corrosive media and as an additive in the organic coating. Various CP-based composites for anti-corrosion applications are critically reviewed in the present article. The present review article focuses on the corrosion inhibition mechanism of CPs and CP-based coating formulations in addition to recent advances in CP-based coatings.

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Material selection is crucial in concentrated solar power (CSP) technology due to the significant impact of high-temperature corrosion. Ni-Al coating on the heat resistant steels is an effective approach to the corrosion. The microstructure, hardness, toughness, adhesion, and corrosion resistance of Ni-Al coatings with different Al content were investigated following pre-oxidation treatment. Cracks appeared on the surface of coatings with pre-oxidation Al content ranging from 9.9 at.% to 23.3 at.%, and no continuous Al2O3 oxide film was formed. Notably, when the Al content increased to 41.0 at.% during pre-oxidation, and a continuous -Al2O3 oxide film was successfully formed. It showed the best toughness and elastic modulus (181.6 GPa), and relatively high coating hardness (8.0 GPa). The corrosion results show that when the Al content is 41.0 at.%, the corrosion resistance of high-temperature chloride molten salt is the best. The oxidation layer formed by the pre-oxidation has a blocking effect on the diffusion of molten salt elements into the coatings. High strength and toughness a... Read More

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Abstract The titanium oxide particles additives were used to improve the corrosion resistance of the galvanized coating at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt. %. Then, the corrosion behavior, mechanical and physical properties of coating were determined using the electrochemical, hardness, bending, roughness, thickness, porosity, SEM, FESEM, and XRD. The results were revealed the reducing of current density of corrosion and increasing the polarization resistance. Furthermore. the reducing of grain size of galvanized coating was observed. As a result, the best result was achieved by adding the 0.3 wt. % of nano particles titanium oxide additive. But the addition of titanium oxide with micro size of particles has a negative effect on the corrosion resistance.

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Corrosion is a pervasive and costly issue with significant economic and environmental implications.Corrosion protection coatings play a vital role in safeguarding various industries against the detrimental effects of corrosion.This comprehensive review provides an overview of recent advances in corrosion protection coatings, focusing on organic, inorganic, and metallic coatings.The fundamentals of corrosion protection coatings are discussed, including the mechanisms by which these coatings provide protection against corrosion.The review highlights recent advancements in organic coatings, such as the development of novel formulations, self-healing coatings, and the utilization of nanotechnology.Furthermore, the progress in inorganic and ceramic coatings, including surface modification techniques and the integration of organic-inorganic hybrid coatings, is explored.Additionally, the paper presents emerging trends in metallic coatings, covering alloy design, environmentally friendly options, and surface engineering techniques.Evaluation methods for coating performance and testing, inclu... Read More

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