Lewis Base Surface Passivation of Perovskite Solar Cell

A passivating agent for perovskite solar cells that significantly improves photoelectric conversion efficiency by stabilizing the perovskite compound. The agent contains a tridentate cationic compound with a tryptycene backbone, which is synthesized by introducing three cations into a tryptycene compound. The tridentate cationic compound is applied to the surface of the perovskite compound to prevent degradation and enhance stability, resulting in improved photoelectric conversion efficiency.

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A perovskite solar cell with improved electron transfer efficiency and stability, comprising a perovskite layer, a composite passivation layer formed by cross-linking a polydopamine-modified layered double metal hydroxide, and a bimetallic composite oxide layer prepared by calcining a layered double metal hydroxide. The composite passivation layer is formed by coating a composite material solution onto the perovskite layer and annealing, while the bimetallic composite oxide layer is prepared by calcining a layered double metal hydroxide at 250°C for 2 hours.

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A perovskite solar cell with improved performance through a semi-opening passivation contact structure. The structure features a continuous or discontinuous insulating or low-conductivity material layer between the charge transport layer and perovskite layer, which reduces non-radiative recombination loss and enables simultaneous enhancement of open-circuit voltage and fill factor.

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A method for preparing a solar cell device with an inverted structure, comprising: forming a perovskite light-absorbing layer on a first electrode; placing the intermediate product in a fumigation atmosphere for fumigation treatment, wherein the fumigation atmosphere includes a gaseous passivation material and a gaseous solvent, wherein the solvent can dissolve the surface material of the perovskite light-absorbing layer, and the passivation material can undergo a passivation reaction with the dissolved surface material to form a passivation layer on the surface of the perovskite light-absorbing layer.

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Perovskite solar cell with improved efficiency and stability, comprising a lower electrode, hole transport layer, perovskite layer, passivation layer containing a halide organic material, electron transport layer, and upper electrode. The passivation layer prevents defects and energy level mismatches between the perovskite and electron transport layers, enabling high-efficiency operation.

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A method for preparing high-quality perovskite layers for solar cells, comprising incorporating a third component with a molecular size greater than a threshold value into the perovskite crystal structure. The third component, which can be an organic molecule or a substituted alkyl group, is located on the surface and/or grain boundary of the perovskite crystal and enhances passivation of defects and interfaces. The perovskite layer is then formed through a solution-based method, followed by annealing to remove solvent and crystallize the perovskite structure.

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Solar cell with improved efficiency and stability, comprising a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer, and an interface passivation layer containing an ionic polymer passivator with a positively charged nitrogen heterocycle and an anion, where the polymer's main chain is connected to at least one substituent. The passivator prevents ion migration and diffusion into the perovskite layer, enhancing device stability and efficiency.

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Perovskite solar cells with high power conversion efficiency and long-term stability to ambient humidity and heat. The cells feature a 3D/2D perovskite heterojunction where the 2D perovskite layer is anchored to the 3D perovskite layer with oleylammonium-iodide molecules. This heterojunction is formed at the electron-selective interface, enabling efficient top-contact passivation and suppressing ion migration. The cells demonstrate a power conversion efficiency of 24.3% and retain >95% of their initial value after >1000 hours of damp-heat testing, meeting industry stability standards for photovoltaic modules.

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A solar cell with an energy-selective contact layer that enables hot carrier transport through a single material, eliminating the need for quantum dots or complex deposition processes. The energy-selective contact layer is formed from a low-dimensional perovskite material that selectively transports electrons or holes, enabling efficient hot carrier extraction and conversion.

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A perovskite photoactive composite layer for solar cells that enhances efficiency and stability through vertical crystal orientation and surface defect passivation. The layer comprises a two-dimensional perovskite photoactive layer and a passivation layer formed from an organic monomolecular compound. The passivation layer is applied to the perovskite layer through a post-treatment process, inducing vertical crystal growth and reducing surface defects. The composite layer is prepared by dissolving a solute containing phenethylammonium iodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide, and lead chloride in a first solvent, forming a perovskite precursor thin film, and subjecting it to vacuum treatment and thermal annealing. The passivation layer is then applied by dissolving the organic monomolecular compound in a second solvent and applying it to the top of the perovskite layer.

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A method for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells at elevated temperatures, comprising reducing the bromine content in the perovskite absorber layer to 8% or less, and incorporating a specific ionic liquid additive, BMIM:BF4, into the perovskite precursor. The method also involves using a NiOx hole transport layer (HTL) in place of conventional PTAA, and applying a post-treatment to the perovskite film prior to the deposition of the electron transport layer (ETL). The combination of these approaches enables perovskite solar cells to maintain their initial efficiency and stability under accelerated aging conditions at 70°C.

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Method for manufacturing perovskite solar cells with improved interfacial energy matching, comprising treating the perovskite layer with a surface treatment solution containing a compound capable of substituting the A cation site, and a mixed solution containing a compound capable of substituting another A cation site, to lower the energy barrier and enhance electron mobility.

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Perovskite solar cell with improved stability and efficiency, comprising a perovskite light absorption layer with an interface passivation layer comprising perovskite quantum dots (QDs) that coordinate with organic ligands containing nitrogen and carboxyl groups. The QDs are synthesized through a controlled crystallization process using a mixed solvent system, and are integrated into the perovskite solar cell to mitigate defects and enhance device performance.

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from a quick efficiency drop after fabrication, partly due to surface defects, and efficiency can be further enhanced with the passivation of surface defects. Herein, surface passivation is reviewed as a method to improve both the stability and efficiency of PSCs, with an emphasis on the chemical mechanism of surface passivation. Various molecules are utilized as surface passivants, such as halides, Lewis acids and bases, amines (some result in low-dimensional perovskite), and polymers. Multifunctional molecules are a promising group of passivants, as they are capable of passivating multiple defects with various functional groups. This review categorizes these passivants, in addition to considering the potential and limitations of each type of passivant. Additionally, surface passivants for Sn-based PSCs are discussed since this group of PSCs has poor photovoltaic performance compared to their lead-based counterpart due to their severe surface defects. Lastly, future perspectives on the usage of surface passivation as a method to improve the photo... Read More

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A long-lasting and stable perovskite solar cell with improved air and thermal stability, comprising a self-protected perovskite light-absorbing layer, a multifunctional protective layer, and a composite electron transport layer. The multifunctional protective layer is formed in-situ through a one-step antisolvent method, providing hydrophobic and thermal protection to the perovskite. The composite electron transport layer is a two-layer structure with PC61BM and C60, and is deposited on the multifunctional protective layer. The cell is fabricated using a spin coating method with controlled spin coating speed and time, and is annealed at a temperature of 70-120°C for 5-20 minutes.

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Enhancing the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells through a novel approach to passivating surface defects and grain boundaries. The method involves depositing a perovskite precursor solution on a substrate to form a film, followed by a controlled deposition process to create a perovskite layer. The film is then integrated into photovoltaic devices, where the perovskite layer acts as a protective barrier against moisture, oxygen, and light-induced degradation. This approach enables the creation of high-quality perovskite films with enhanced stability and efficiency compared to conventional methods.

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A perovskite solar cell with improved efficiency and stability, comprising a perovskite material with reduced crystal defects, achieved through the use of specific ionic compounds containing a five-membered heterocyclic ring as a passivation layer or additive. The compounds, represented by formulas (3) to (5), are designed to suppress and repair defects in the perovskite material, resulting in enhanced photovoltaic performance and stability.

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A method to improve the stability of perovskite photovoltaic cells by selectively passivating grain boundaries using a biphenyl methylammonium halide (BiPhX) ligand. The BiPhX ligand is applied to the interface between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer, where it forms a protective coating that prevents degradation of the perovskite material. The passivation layer is particularly effective at preventing moisture-induced degradation, and has been shown to improve the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells.

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Perovskite solar cells have garnered significant attention due to their outstanding photoelectric properties. However, the majority of widely used perovskite polycrystalline ion crystal films are prepared through solution treatment processes, which often lead to the formation of high-density defects during the crystallization process. These defects within the device can be quite severe and are a major contributor to non-radiative recombination, limiting the enhancement of photovoltaic performance and stability of solar cell devices. In this paper, we review the latest advancements in defect passivation strategies for perovskite crystals, encompassing Lewis acid, Lewis base, and Lewis acid-base synergy approaches. We delve into the regulatory mechanisms and passivation effects of these various strategies on perovskite surface/interface defects. Furthermore, we anticipate the application of these defect passivation techniques in future studies, hoping to further enhance the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells.

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A method to prepare continuous two-dimensional perovskite layers in solar cells through a controlled synthesis process. The method involves preparing a three-dimensional perovskite layer on a substrate, followed by a surface treatment that selectively promotes the formation of a continuous two-dimensional perovskite layer. This selective treatment enables the formation of a uniform, two-dimensional perovskite layer that covers the entire substrate surface, while maintaining the three-dimensional perovskite structure.

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