35 patents in this list

Updated:

Modern vehicle tires face conflicting demands across diverse operating conditions. Current fixed-tread designs must balance wet and dry performance, operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 120°C, and varying surface conditions from smooth asphalt to loose gravel. Field measurements show that optimal tread patterns for snow can reduce dry-road handling by up to 30%, while summer-optimized treads can lose 70% of their traction on wet surfaces.

The fundamental challenge lies in developing tread patterns that can dynamically adapt their geometry and material properties without compromising the tire's structural integrity or durability.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including piezoelectric tread block actuators, shape-memory materials in tire walls, integrated sensor networks, and electronically controlled deformation mechanisms. These and other approaches focus on practical implementation while addressing both the mechanical complexity and real-time control requirements of adaptive tire systems.

1. Tire with Adjustable Tread Design Featuring Variable Region Shape Configuration

GEELY HOLDING GROUP CO LTD, ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP CO LTD, ZHEJIANG JIKE INTELLIGENT TECH CO LTD, 2023

A tire with adjustable tread design to improve grip on different road conditions. The tire has multiple variable regions in the tread that can be changed between raised, flat, and concave shapes using adjustment units. This allows switching the tire's contact patch configuration based on the road surface. Raised shapes provide extra grip on muddy, snowy, or wet roads, while flat shapes reduce impact on smooth roads. Concave shapes improve adhesion on slick surfaces. The tire can adapt its tread shape to better match the road conditions for improved traction and handling versatility.

2. Tire with Temperature-Responsive Shape Memory Alloy Studs for Automatic Protrusion and Retraction

NEXEN TIRE CORP, 2022

Tire with studs that protrude automatically based on temperature to improve traction on snow and ice without performance loss on dry roads. The studs have a shape memory alloy portion that deforms at low temperatures to extend out of the tire tread. This protrusion provides better grip on snow and ice without needing manual stud installation. At higher temperatures, the studs retract into the tread for normal road use. The studs also have features like grounding and hinge sections to manage their engagement with the road surface.

3. Pneumatic Tire with Graphene-Based Energy Conversion and Heating Elements in Longitudinal Grooves

NEXEN TIRE CORP, 2022

A pneumatic tire with heating elements in the longitudinal grooves to improve traction in snowy or icy conditions. The tire has a heating unit in each groove with graphene to convert tire rolling motion into electrical energy. A switch allows activating the heating elements when needed. The graphene stores electrical energy during normal driving and then releases it to heat the adjacent groove rubber when activated. This melts snow stuck in the grooves for better traction. The graphene-based heating system allows quick snow removal without relying on tire temperature.

KR20220160138A-patent-drawing

4. Curved Composite Tire with Distinct Rubber Zones and Tilting Mechanism for Adaptive Traction

GEAHCHAN KARIM, GEAHCHAN WADIH, 2022

Adaptive tire traction system for vehicles that enhances grip in all weather conditions without changing tires or adding chains. The system uses a curved composite tire with distinct rubber zones on the shoulders and center. The outer shoulder has studs for snow/ice, the center has low friction rubber for normal traction, and the inner shoulder has high grip rubber for emergency braking. The tire can tilt inward to engage the inner shoulder for better grip in emergencies, triggered by ABS sensors. This allows optimized traction without sacrificing fuel efficiency or tire life. The tilt mechanism can be hydraulic or connected to the ABS system.

WO2022207118A1-patent-drawing

5. Tire with Explosion-Proof Bead Protection, Solid Core, and Adaptive Shape-Changing Components

WU SHENGKE, 2022

An intelligent tire that is explosion-proof, low-carbon and environment-friendly, and can adapt to different road conditions. The tire has features like: 1. Explosion-proof: The tire can prevent bursting by using a protective cover over the tire beads, sensors to monitor bead integrity, and a self-sealing inner liner that patches punctures. 2. Low-carbon: The tire reduces carbon footprint by using a solid inner core instead of a pneumatic bladder, which eliminates the need for frequent replacement when worn. 3. Environment-friendly: The tire is environment-friendly by being reusable, as the inner core and tread can be swapped out when worn instead of replacing the whole tire. 4. Adaptive: The tire adapts to road conditions by using intelligent components that can change shape, like telescoping ant

6. Tire with Shape Memory Resin Spokes and Struts for Controllable Tread Width Adjustment

UNIV WUHAN TECH, WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, 2021

Adaptive deformation tire with a controllable tread width to improve vehicle mobility on rough terrain without changing tires frequently. The tire has a tread, spokes, struts, sleeve, and main shaft. The spokes and struts are made of shape memory resin. They have through-holes with resistance wires. When power is applied, the wires heat the spokes, causing them to bend and deform the tread from wide to narrow for better traction on rough terrain. The tire can self-adjust width to adapt to different terrain.

7. Tire with Thermally-Responsive Spokes for Structural Transformation

UNIV WUHAN TECH, WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, 2021

Self-adaptive tire for sand pit muddy roads that transforms its structure in situ to improve grip and then reverts back to reduce rolling resistance on normal roads. The tire has spokes with heated sections that soften when warmed above a threshold temperature. When driving in mud, the spokes extend straight by turning off power. In mud, they cool and stay extended. On normal roads, power is on, heating the spokes to bend back. This allows the tire to dynamically morph between a straight configuration for mud and a bent configuration for normal roads using thermal stimulation.

8. Tire with Dual Carcass Structure and Electromagnetic Shape Deformation for Traction Adjustment and Electricity Generation

CHENG SHIN RUBBER IND CO LTD, 2021

Tire with deformable profile and a method to dynamically change its shape to optimize traction and generate electricity. The tire has an inner carcass surrounded by an outer carcass. Conductive elements on each carcass generate magnetic fields that repel or attract each other, changing the distance between the carcasses and effectively deforming the tire shape. This allows adjusting tire profile for better grip on varying surfaces. The deformation also increases friction between two friction layers inside the tire, generating electricity through friction.

CN112277539A-patent-drawing

9. Pneumatic Tire with Electrically Adjustable Graphene-Embedded Variable Width Tread Features

NEXEN TIRE CORP, 2020

Pneumatic tire with variable width grooves, cuffs, and sipe edges that can adapt their widths based on conditions. The tires have graphene embedded in the tread around these features. During rolling, the tire's motion converts to electrical energy in the graphene. An electronic control system can then apply power to the graphene to straighten the adjacent variable material. This allows variably changing the widths of the grooves, cuffs, and sipe edges using electrical signals. It enables tailoring tread performance for different scenarios like wet vs dry vs snow by selectively widening/narrowing specific areas.

KR20200145944A-patent-drawing

10. Tire with Adjustable Deformation Mechanism Incorporating Manual Gate Valve and Air Cylinder

LIU HUIJIE, 2020

A tire with adjustable deformation to improve traction and prevent slipping on wet or slippery roads, and reduce rolling resistance on long downhill stretches. The tire has a circular inner tube, manual gate valve, air cylinder, and outer tread. The cylinder allows adjusting tire pressure on the go to optimize grip and rolling resistance based on road conditions. This prevents slipping on wet roads and excessive braking on downhill stretches by dynamically adjusting tire stiffness.

11. Tire with Sensor-Controlled Deformable Tread Blocks for Adaptive Road Surface Response

HANKOOK TIRE & TECH CO LTD, HANKOOK TIRE & TECHNOLOGY CO LTD, 2020

Tire with adjustable tread pattern to improve traction and stability on different road conditions. The tire has a tread with multiple blocks that can deform in response to road conditions. Sensors detect the road surface and independently control deformation of the inner and outer blocks. During cornering, blocks protrude to increase grip. This adaptive tread design aims to optimize traction and stability based on real-time road conditions.

12. Radially Adjustable Tread Depth Wheel with Electrically Actuated Push Rod Mechanism

FOSHAN UNIVERSITY, UNIV FOSHAN, 2020

Controllable wheel for vehicles that can adjust the depth of the tire tread patterns. The wheel has an electric push rod inside the tire cavity that extends radially to move the outer tread block. This allows the tread depth to be changed electronically to adapt the tire for different terrain without swapping wheels. The push rod connects to an electric contact ring on the hub, which in turn connects to a telescopic link on the vehicle frame. A spring keeps the link retracted, but when the vehicle needs deeper tread, the link extends the push rod to push the tread block further. This allows electronic adjustment of the tread depth on the fly.

CN210706742U-patent-drawing

13. Adaptive Tire with Heating Elements, Selectively Inflatable Chambers, and Dual-Material Tread Compounds

AUTOMOTIVE FUSION LTD, 2020

A tire that can adapt its shape and grip to optimize performance in different driving conditions. The tire has features like heating elements, selectively inflatable chambers, and dual-material tread compounds that can be actively controlled to adjust the tire's shape and grip. This allows the tire to adapt to changing road conditions, like cornering vs straight line driving, to provide optimal traction and reduced energy losses. The heating elements warm the sidewalls and tread to improve grip on cold surfaces. The inflatable chambers alter the tire's profile to affect the contact patch size. The dual-material tread has outer performance rubber with high grip for corners and inner economy rubber with lower grip for straights. By actively managing these features, the tire can optimize grip and rolling resistance for the specific conditions it encounters.

14. Wheel with Electrically Adjustable Tire Tread Depth via Internal Push Rod Mechanism

FOSHAN UNIVERSITY, UNIV FOSHAN, 2020

A wheel with a controllable tire tread depth that allows adjusting the depth of the tire's tread pattern without replacing the tire. The wheel has an electric push rod inside the tire cavity that drives a tread block to change its depth. The push rod is connected to an electric contact ring on the wheel hub. This allows electronically extending or retracting the tread blocks. A support frame inside the tire holds the push rod and allows detachment for service. A telescoping rod with a spring connects the push rod to the support frame. This allows the push rod to extend/retract the tread block while the support frame stays in the tire.

CN110696557A-patent-drawing

15. Tire with Radially Adjustable Tread Elements and Integrated Displacement Mechanism

드라이브 테크놀로지 홀랜드 엘티디, 2019

Tire with adjustable tread height for improved versatility and longer life. The tire has a profiled tread with tread pattern elements that can be moved between positions. The elements are held in spaces in the tire wall and can be displaced radially to adjust tread height. An adjustment device moves the elements. This allows customizing tread height for different conditions. A spring arrangement provides resistance. It also allows compensating for wear by replacing elements.

KR20190076958A-patent-drawing

16. Tire with Dynamically Adjustable Width Featuring Variable Tread Diameter Mechanism

钟志刚, 2019

Variable width tire that can dynamically adjust its width based on driving conditions and road surfaces. The tire has a fixed tread with a fixed outer diameter and a variable tread beside it. The outer diameter of the variable tread is determined by a variable structure below it. By changing the outer diameter of the variable tread, the overall width and ground contact area of the tire can be altered. This allows the tire to adapt its dimensions to optimize handling, traction, stability, and road holding for different driving scenarios.

CN109835125A-patent-drawing

17. Pneumatic Tire with Electrically Adjustable Groove Width for Variable Tread Pattern

넥센타이어 주식회사, 2018

A pneumatic tire with adjustable tread pattern for changing grip based on weather conditions. The tire has a tread with grooves that can change width. Electrical energy generated during tire rotation is stored in the grooves. An operating portion can adjust the stored energy to expand or contract the grooves. This allows changing the tread pattern without replacing the tire. The adjustable grooves provide customized grip in varying weather.

KR101933499B1-patent-drawing

18. Tire with Electromagnetically Deployable Cleat Assemblies for Enhanced Traction

李永红, 2018

An all-weather anti-skid tire with internal devices that deploy cleats when needed to improve traction on slippery surfaces. The tire has multiple anti-skid units inside the tire housing, each containing an electromagnet and a cleat assembly. The electromagnet pushes the cleats out through the tire tread when activated, providing additional bite on snow and ice. The cleats retract when the electromagnet is deactivated, allowing normal tire operation. This allows the tire to have cleats for improved traction in harsh conditions without sacrificing road noise or wear when used on dry surfaces.

CN108382135A-patent-drawing

19. Tire with Magnetorheological Rubber Anti-Slip Layer and Variable Magnetic Field Control

重庆邮电大学, 2018

Friction controllable tire with an anti-slip structure that uses magnetorheological rubber to adapt friction performance. The tire has an anti-slip layer made of magnetorheological rubber fixed to the tread. A variable magnetic field, like a coil, generates a magnetic force on the magnetorheological rubber. By adjusting the magnetic field, the friction coefficient of the anti-slip layer can be changed. This allows the tire to have controllable friction, preventing slippage on low traction surfaces while avoiding excessive friction on good traction surfaces. The coil is located in an annular groove in the rubber to prevent damage.

20. Adaptive All-Terrain Wheel System with Adjustable Tread Block Projection and Integrated Air Distribution Mechanism

力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司, 2018

An all-terrain wheel system for vehicles like cars, motorcycles, and ATVs that can adapt the tire tread to match the terrain without swapping tires. The wheel has a hub and a tire with multiple tread blocks that project outward or recess inward. A drive mechanism varies the distance between each tread block and the tire surface. This allows changing the tread profile to optimize grip and traction for paved roads versus off-road conditions. The vehicle has an air distribution system to fill the tires with the desired pressure for each tread configuration.

CN207523367U-patent-drawing

21. Tire Tread with Variable Width Sections for Adaptive Contact Area Adjustment

22. Tire with Dynamic Contact Patch and Sidewall Configuration Featuring Hybrid Compound Construction

23. Tires with Dynamic Hybrid Compound Structure for Adaptive Contact Patch and Sidewall Deformation

24. Modular Tire with Independently Mounted Tread Sections and Radial Force Buffering Mechanism

25. Tire with Shape Memory Polymer Tread Featuring Pre-Deformed Compression and Embossing

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