Enhancing Reclaimed Carbon-Rubber Bonding Techniques

Recycled carbon black for tires that provides good reinforcement and fracture resistance. The recycled carbon black is made from solid residue produced by pyrolyzing waste tires. This residue contains carbon black along with impurities like ash. The recycled carbon black has a higher ash content and lower carbon content compared to virgin carbon black. The key innovation is using this recycled carbon black in tire rubber compositions instead of virgin carbon black. This allows reducing the use of virgin carbon black in tires, which helps improve sustainability by recycling more tire waste. The recycled carbon black provides similar reinforcement to virgin carbon black while maintaining fracture resistance.

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Recycled carbon black for tires that improves reinforcement properties while maintaining fracture resistance compared to virgin carbon black. The recycled carbon black has specific particle size, surface area, and color characteristics. It is produced by pyrolyzing waste tires and separating out the carbon black. The recycled carbon black has a particle size D90 of 310 nm or less, a nitrogen adsorption surface area of 50-85 m2/g, and a specific tint strength of 55 or more. This allows making tires with better reinforcement properties from recycled carbon black compared to virgin carbon black.

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Rubber composition for tires that can maintain sufficient heat generation and wet performance for practical use even when recycled carbon black is blended. The composition includes diene rubber including styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, silica, and recycled carbon black, the DBP oil absorption amount and compressed DBP of recycled carbon black are determined.

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Rubber composition for tires and tires that has practically sufficient adhesion to steel cords, durability, and low rolling resistance even when recycled carbon black is blended. The composition includes diene rubber, carbon black, recycled carbon black, and organic cobalt acid.

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Rubber composition for tires that can maintain adequate low heat generation and wear resistance for practical use even when recycled carbon black is blended, and a tire using the same. The composition includes a vulcanizing agent, a crosslinking agent, a vulcanization accelerator, and a crosslinking accelerator.

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Rubber composition for tires that improves tire hysteresis while maintaining the benefits of carbon black rubber composites. The composition contains a carbon black-rubber composite formed by mixing a specific amine compound, 3-Aminopropyl hydrogen sulfate, with carbon black. The amine compound chemically bonds with the carbon black, improving its adhesion to the rubber matrix and reducing hysteresis loss compared to unbonded carbon black. The carbon black has an iodine adsorption value of 30-145 mg/g and an oil adsorption value of 85-135 cc/g. The rubber composition can contain 0.1-5 parts of the amine compound based on 100 parts rubber, along with carbon black, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and optional butadiene rubber or natural rubber

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Surface modification of carbon black to improve rubber compound dispersion and reduce filler agglomeration. The modification involves sequential solid and liquid modifier treatments to break down carbon black agglomerates, reduce particle size, and prevent restacking. The steps include ball milling carbon black with a solid modifier like cellulose to break agglomerates into monodisperse particles. Then, adsorbing polyethylene glycol onto the carbon black to increase steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion, further reducing agglomeration.

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A carbon black rubber composite material with improved performance and a method to prepare it. The composite has better strength, lower hysteresis loss, and wear resistance compared to conventional carbon black-rubber materials. The improvement comes from modifying the carbon black to disperse better and forming molecular bonds with the rubber matrix. Stearic acid is added to lubricate and transport the modified carbon black. The modification involves oxidizing the carbon black, attaching a chain transfer agent, and polymerizing styrene around it. The modified carbon black is then added in multiple steps along with the other ingredients to make the composite.

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Drying method to prepare cracked carbon black/rubber composites with improved properties compared to conventional carbon black composites. The method involves modifying the structure of the cracked carbon black through high temperature treatment and plasma treatment, followed by direct dry mixing with the rubber. The modified cracked carbon black has improved bonding with the rubber due to changes in particle size, structure, and surface properties compared to unmodified cracked carbon black. This leads to enhanced mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the composites.

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Rubber composition for a tire capable of maintaining breaking strength and achieving low heat build-up even when part of the total amount of carbon black is replaced with recycled carbon black. The composition includes nitrogen adsorption specific surface area N 2 SA and DBP oil absorption of carbon black and recycled carbon black.

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Wet processing method for preparing pyrolysis carbon black/natural rubber composites with improved properties compared to conventional dry processing. The wet processing involves steps like modifying pyrolysis carbon black, making carbon black dispersions, and wet kneading with natural rubber. The modifications involve high temperature graphitization to repair carbon structure, low temperature crystal reduction, and plasma treatment to deactivate carbon surface. This improves carbon dispersion and rubber properties when wet mixed instead of dry blending.

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A method for producing carbon-rubber composites with improved dispersion, yield, and properties compared to conventional methods. The method involves dispersing carbon particles, a polymer, and brine, then mixing with rubber solution and emulsion before washing and drying. This allows uniform carbon dispersion in rubber without agglomeration. The brine improves yield and wash turbidity. Using a specific catalyst for the carbon synthesis also maximizes dispersibility.

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Preparation method for carbon black/natural rubber composite material with improved cutting resistance. The method involves modifying the carbon black using low temperature plasma treatment, followed by mixing with natural rubber and further refining. The plasma treatment activates surface functional groups on the carbon black to enhance dispersion and bonding with the rubber matrix. This results in a composite material with better cutting resistance compared to unmodified carbon black.

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Motorcycle tire tread rubber composition using recovered carbon black (rCB) derived from end-of-life tires. The composition improves tire performance while reducing carbon footprint compared to virgin carbon black. It uses blends like natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and butadiene rubber, along with rCB, to make motorcycle tire tread bases. The rCB replacement level can be 5-20%. The composition provides lower rolling resistance, better elasticity, and processability compared to virgin carbon black.

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A method to modify ultrafine carbon black obtained from waste tire pyrolysis to improve its properties for rubber reinforcement. The modification involves pulverizing the coarse carbon black particles, coating them with metal oxide particles, and optimizing the particle size distribution. This enhances the mechanical performance and granulation of the modified carbon black when used in rubber compounds. The modified carbon black provides a high-value-added reuse option for waste tire pyrolysis slag compared to unprocessed carbon black.

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Preparing a chopped carbon fiber masterbatch for high load-bearing rubber composite materials to improve adhesion between the rubber and metal interfaces. The process involves mixing epoxidized natural rubber with chopped carbon fiber in an internal mixer at controlled temperatures. The epoxy groups on the epoxidized rubber react with functional groups on the carbon fiber surface to enhance adhesion between the rubber and metal interfaces in the composite materials.

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Modifying the surface of recycled vulcanized rubber to allow reuse in rubber products without significant performance loss. The method involves surface devulcanization of recycled rubber particles using a butylthiol solvent to generate tackiness between mixed recycled and fresh rubber. This provides optimal adhesion upon subsequent curing. The surface devulcanization minimizes alteration of the network structure compared to full devulcanization. The modified recycled rubber can have larger particle sizes and higher concentration compared to prior methods. It eliminates the need for full devulcanization before curing, reducing cost.

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A method to modify carbon nanotubes for use as rubber fillers that provides high dispersion of the nanotubes in rubber without agglomeration. The modification involves hydroxylating the nanotubes with strong acid and polyhydric alcohol, then grafting a polymerizable monomer like carboxylic acid onto the hydroxylated nanotubes. This is followed by coating the nanotubes with styrene-butadiene latex via graft polymerization. The resulting nanotube-latex composite has improved dispersion in rubber matrices compared to unmodified nanotubes.

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High strength modified pyrolysis carbon black for rubber applications that improves the mechanical properties and strength of pyrolysis carbon black rubber compositions while increasing the amount of pyrolysis carbon black that can be used. The modification involves hydroxylating the pyrolysis carbon black and carbon fiber, and then adding a coupling agent to create a modified pyrolysis carbon black with enhanced binding force between the particles. This modified carbon black can be used in rubber formulations to improve rubber properties and enable higher loadings of pyrolysis carbon black compared to unmodified pyrolysis carbon black.

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A method to prepare highly dispersed carbon black/rubber nanocomposites with improved dispersion and interface binding between the carbon black and rubber matrix. The method involves modifying the surface of highly dispersed carbon black with a coupling agent before adding it to the rubber. This coats the carbon black particles with a shell that prevents agglomeration and promotes bonding with the rubber during processing. By modifying the carbon black first, it disperses better in the rubber and avoids re-agglomeration compared to adding the carbon black directly.

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