Low Rolling Resistance Materials for Tires

ABSTRACT Significant advancements in developing highperformance, sustainable tyre tread compounds have been achieved through the strategic integration of modified silica into carbon black (CB)/thermally exfoliated graphite hybrid filler systems. While benefits fillers such as CB, graphite, and are recognized, limited understanding their interaction mechanisms with polymer chains has hindered widespread adoption. This study investigates mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical properties an ecofriendly, green compound, focusing on both binary (CB/silica) ternary (CB, graphite/modified silica) The key aspect this research is utilization prepared by latex imprinting technique along epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) a compatibilizer to enhance between NR matrix. partial replacement CB thermally novel lateximprinted enhanced surface area provides excellent properties, low rolling resistance, improved wet grip, reduced heat buildup. porosity silica, coupled system, play crucial role reducing hysteresis, resulting resistance (0.0376), grip (0.0796), very buildup (13C). attribu... Read More

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A non-pneumatic tire design with a high stiffness shear band to reduce rolling resistance while maintaining load carrying capacity. The shear band uses oblong shaped cords with wider lateral width than height. These cords are arranged in parallel layers to increase the volume of reinforcement materials in the shear band. This allows using stiffer materials with lower hysteresis compared to rubber, which reduces rolling resistance compared to traditional shear bands with rubber sandwiched between belts.

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Heavy duty tire with reduced rolling resistance and improved wet performance as the tire wears. The tire has a specific tread design with narrow grooves and sipes that suppresses rolling resistance increase due to wear. The narrow grooves have a radially inner enlarged width portion with wider groove width than the body. The sipes are shallower than the narrow grooves. This allows the enlarged width portion to remain as the body narrows and sipes disappear. It prevents wet performance degradation in the later stages of wear when the enlarged width portion is exposed. The tread has high styrene butadiene rubber and silica content to enable this design.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that improves rolling resistance without sacrificing wet traction. The composition contains a balanced blend of natural rubber and polybutadiene, a filler ratio of at least 1:1 carbon black to silica, a coupling agent, a traction resin, a cure accelerator, and a curing system. This formulation allows reducing rolling resistance while maintaining good wet traction compared to traditional tire treads.

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ABSTRACT As the global transportation industry evolves, there is a rapid surge in market demand for engineering tires. Nevertheless, working environment becoming increasingly complex and challenging, tires are now subject to more stringent performance requirements, including reduced rolling resistance, decreased heat generation, enhanced wear cut resistance. In this work, type of Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG)/natural rubber (NR)/styrenebutadiene (SBR) nanocomposite was effectively prepared with silica as nanofiller. Subsequently, epoxidized natural (ENR) introduced into EUG/NR/SBR nanocomposites address issue agglomeration within enhance comprehensive nanocomposites. The relationship between ENR content further investigated. results demonstrate that reduces surface activity via hydrogen bond effect grafting reaction, thus enhancing dispersion. Moreover, at an 9 phr, dynamic temperature rise 25.2C volume abrasion 0.135 cm 3 1.61 km 1 , representing 12.2% reduction 21.1% decrease compared without ENR. This work develops innovative approach dispersion fillers EUGbased multifu... Read More

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Rubber composition for heavy-load tires with improved wear resistance and low rolling resistance. The composition contains a solution-polymerized aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer with specific vinyl bond content and functional group, and carbon black. The copolymer has 0.5-25% aromatic vinyl units and 0-50% vinyl bond content in the conjugated diene units. This copolymer interacts better with carbon black, providing lower heat buildup, better wear resistance, and tear resistance.

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Rubber composition for tires with improved wear resistance, wet performance, rolling resistance, and temperature dependency of rolling resistance. The composition contains a diene rubber with at least 55% of a specific styrene-butadiene rubber having a Tg of -50°C or lower. This rubber enhances silica dispersion, wear, and low rolling resistance. Additionally, the composition has a white filler of 30-100 parts, thermoplastic resin, and a silane coupling agent blended with the filler at 3-20 mass%. This balance improves dispersibility, reduces rolling resistance temperature dependency, and prevents gelling.

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Rubber compositions with improved wet traction and low rolling resistance for tire treads. The compositions contain a polysulfide crosslinking agent with polar groups that chemically attach to the rubber chains during mixing. This increases the hydrophilicity of the rubber and enhances wet traction without negatively impacting rolling resistance. The crosslinking agent has a polar group like carboxylate or ether that can be grafted onto the rubber during compounding.

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A precipitated silica with low aluminum content for improved properties in polymer compositions like rubber. The silica contains aluminum in an amount below 0.50 wt %. The low aluminum content improves compatibility with polymers like rubber, leading to better dispersion, reinforcement, and elastomer properties. The silica can be used in rubber compositions for tires and other articles. The low aluminum content is achieved by a process involving controlled acid addition during silica production.

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Rubber compositions with improved properties for tire applications by using silica fillers dispersed using nonionic surfactants. The compositions contain silica particles, rubber, and a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 8-14. The surfactant coats the silica particles during mixing, reducing viscosity compared to using water alone. This allows easier processing of the rubber without high temperatures. The surfactant also improves the rubber properties like lower hysteresis for better rolling resistance. The surfactant remains on the silica surface in the cured rubber.

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Passenger car tires (PCTs) usually consist of a silica/silane-filled Butadiene Rubber (BR) or Solution Styrene (SSBR) tread compound. This system is widely used due to improvements observed in rolling resistance (RR) as well wet grip compared carbon black-filled compounds. However, the covalent bond that couples silica via silane with rubber increases challenge recycling these products. Furthermore, this strong unable reform once it broken, leading deterioration tire properties. work aims improve negative aspects silica-filled compounds by developing novel coupling based on non-covalent interactions, which exhibit reversible feature. The formation new was accomplished reacting and phenolic resin order obtain simultaneous interactions hydrogen bonding. reaction performed using two different silanes (amino epoxy silane) an alkyl phenolformaldehyde resin. implementation resulted improved crosslink density, better mechanical performance, superior fatigue behavior, similar indicator.

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A polymer composition for tires that balances fuel efficiency and rigidity. The composition contains a modified conjugated diene-based polymer with nitrogen-containing functional groups, and a functional-group-containing polymer. The modified polymer improves fuel efficiency, while the functional-group-containing polymer maintains rigidity. The ratio of modified polymer to functional polymer is 99:1 to 70:30 by mass. This composition allows tires to have both low rolling resistance and good steering stability.

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Annular shear band for non-pneumatic tires with reduced rolling resistance. The shear band has an annular rubber shear layer with discrete annular reinforcing elements interlaced in a zigzag pattern. The reinforcing elements are arranged in rows with reinforcing elements from adjacent rows forming rhombus shapes. This configuration provides load support and prevents crack propagation while allowing high strain deformation. The shear layer is made of a rubber composition with natural rubber and a low styrene content copolymer. The reinforcing elements are made of silica with a coupling agent. The specific reinforcing element arrangement and rubber composition provide low rolling resistance in the shear band.

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Modifying conjugated diene-based polymers like styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) to improve properties like wet grip, low rolling resistance, and processability. The modification involves reacting the polymer with a specific modifier containing a functional group derived from a compound represented by formula 1: R1-R6 are alkoxy groups, A is an arylene or heteroarylene ring, and L1-L4 are alkylene chains. The modifier has affinity with fillers like silica and improves compounding properties.

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Polydiene rubbers with improved properties for tire applications, made by polymerizing diene monomers with functionalized comonomers containing alkoxy silyl groups. The functionalized comonomers have repeating units derived from the functionalizing comonomer. The functionalized rubber polymers have better interactions with fillers and improved tire properties compared to non-functionalized diene polymers.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that provides improved wet grip and rolling resistance compared to conventional rubber compositions. The composition contains specific ratios of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), silica, and zinc oxide. The composition also has a specific styrene content in the SBR, vinyl content in the SBR, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the SBR. Cross-linking the composition improves wet grip and maintains rolling resistance compared to cross-linking conventional rubber compositions.

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The prediction of tire rolling resistance is importance in both academic and engineering. Classic computational methods are complexity low efficiency. This paper proposes a method based on cumulative changes strain energy density to calculate resistance. Obtain the stress stains states various components by Finite Element Analysis (FEA), apply Karmals formula for computation changing density. proposed achieves good tendency between measurement results. Moreover, efficiency reduced 1/12 that classic methods. can be used complex simplified tread patterns tires predicting.

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Upgrading micronized rubber powder (MRP) for large-scale reuse in tires by chemically activating the powder to improve performance. The activation involves treating the powder with silane during grinding to prevent sticking and using silica as a dusting agent. This functionalizes the powder surface to enhance vulcanization and dispersion in rubber compounds. The activation step involves contacting the powder with silane, silica, peroxides, or other activators. This allows using lower amounts of MRP in tire formulations compared to unactivated powder, which improves properties like tear strength, abrasion resistance, and dynamic performance.

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Fully bio-based, highly filled lignin-rubber masterbatch for replacing carbon black in rubber. The masterbatch is prepared by mixing modified lignin with rubber. The lignin is modified by esterification with acetic acid and oleic acid to improve compatibility with non-polar rubbers. The modified lignin has reduced hydroxyl group content compared to unmodified lignin. The esterification reaction provides hydrophobic groups to decrease lignin polarity. This improves lignin dispersibility in the rubber matrix.

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Additive composition for improving properties of silica-filled rubber compounds in tires, such as fuel economy, traction, and wear resistance. The composition comprises a reaction product of fatty acid and polyamine. It is added to silica-filled rubber compounds, like tire treads, at low parts per hundred (phr) levels. The additive enhances silica dispersion and reduces payne effect, without affecting key rubber properties like viscosity, scorch, hardness, tensile strength, elongation, abrasion, and modulus. This enables improved tire performance, including lower rolling resistance, enhanced winter/dry traction, and better dry handling, without compromising other properties.

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