Nanotechnology-Enhanced Rubber for Tire Manufacturing

Preparing uniformly cured solid loading tires using a graphene oxide/natural rubber composite to overcome the issue of non-uniform vulcanization in thick rubber products. The method involves optimizing the composite formulation and vulcanization parameters to ensure complete and uniform vulcanization throughout the tire. The composite contains graphene oxide, carbon black, activator, softener, antioxidant, vulcanization accelerator, vulcanizing agent, and interface modifying agent. The weight ratios of these components are in a specific range.

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Controllable crosslinked natural rubber composite with improved properties like strength, tear resistance, thermal conductivity, and reduced heat build-up. The composite uses a vulcanizing agent-modified 3D graphene particle prepared by an in-situ chemical deposition process. The modified graphene is added to the natural rubber during vulcanization to enhance the composite's performance. The vulcanizing agent modifies the graphene surface to enable better compatibility and dispersion in the rubber matrix.

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Aircraft tire compositions with improved inflation pressure retention, air retention, and crack resistance using graphene. The tire compositions have low permeability and high inflation pressure retention due to graphene addition at very low levels. This allows reducing natural rubber in the innerliner to improve air retention without sacrificing durability. The graphene also improves crack resistance in tread compounds. The graphene used is pure and exfoliated into monolayer sheets.

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ABSTRACT Significant advancements in developing highperformance, sustainable tyre tread compounds have been achieved through the strategic integration of modified silica into carbon black (CB)/thermally exfoliated graphite hybrid filler systems. While benefits fillers such as CB, graphite, and are recognized, limited understanding their interaction mechanisms with polymer chains has hindered widespread adoption. This study investigates mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical properties an ecofriendly, green compound, focusing on both binary (CB/silica) ternary (CB, graphite/modified silica) The key aspect this research is utilization prepared by latex imprinting technique along epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) a compatibilizer to enhance between NR matrix. partial replacement CB thermally novel lateximprinted enhanced surface area provides excellent properties, low rolling resistance, improved wet grip, reduced heat buildup. porosity silica, coupled system, play crucial role reducing hysteresis, resulting resistance (0.0376), grip (0.0796), very buildup (13C). attribu... Read More

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ABSTRACT Here, we investigate the transformative potential of incorporating Green Graphene (GG) derived from remnant agricultural biomass (RAB) into styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) formulations for development sustainable additives tires. GG serves as a reinforcement material, exhibiting capability to improve mechanical, wear, and thermal degradation properties SBR. The incorporation SBR matrix results in astonishing improvements: resilience by 440.44%, toughness 326.91%, tensile strength 253.15%, yield 313.33%, Young's modulus 205.90%, elongation 138.84%, hardness 148%. Furthermore, it leads decrease nanoscratch depth, 52.68% reduction coefficient friction during sliding 22.38% improvement hydrophobicity, 27% enhancement stability GG/SBR composites. These compelling performance enhancements composites aim provide comprehensive understanding synergistic effects rubbershedding light on their combined potential. outcomes this investigation contribute valuable insights environmentally conscious green materials, writing path evolution industry toward greener resilient future.

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ABSTRACT As the global transportation industry evolves, there is a rapid surge in market demand for engineering tires. Nevertheless, working environment becoming increasingly complex and challenging, tires are now subject to more stringent performance requirements, including reduced rolling resistance, decreased heat generation, enhanced wear cut resistance. In this work, type of Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG)/natural rubber (NR)/styrenebutadiene (SBR) nanocomposite was effectively prepared with silica as nanofiller. Subsequently, epoxidized natural (ENR) introduced into EUG/NR/SBR nanocomposites address issue agglomeration within enhance comprehensive nanocomposites. The relationship between ENR content further investigated. results demonstrate that reduces surface activity via hydrogen bond effect grafting reaction, thus enhancing dispersion. Moreover, at an 9 phr, dynamic temperature rise 25.2C volume abrasion 0.135 cm 3 1.61 km 1 , representing 12.2% reduction 21.1% decrease compared without ENR. This work develops innovative approach dispersion fillers EUGbased multifu... Read More

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Using carbon nanotubes called Molecular Rebar in rubber compounds to improve tire durability and reduce environmental impact. The carbon nanotubes bind with the polymer matrix, improving wear resistance without detrimentally affecting rolling resistance, and reducing overall environmental concern over antiozonants in the tire. The nanotubes halt microcracks that form from ozone exposure, allowing use of less antizoonant or safer alternatives without increased tire failure. The nanotubes also slow antizoonant migration from the rubber.

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Adducts between pyrrole derivatives containing sulfur atoms and sp2 hybridized carbon allotropes like carbon black, graphene, and nanotubes. The adducts improve elastomer reinforcement by enhancing compatibility between the filler and matrix. They can be obtained by reacting the pyrrole derivatives with the carbon allotropes. The adducts have applications in crosslinkable elastomer compositions for tire compounds. The process involves mixing the carbon allotrope and pyrrole derivative at room temperature. The adducts formed provide reduced Payne effect and improved reinforcement at high deformations compared to unreacted filler.

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ABSTRACT A facile strategy to improve silica dispersion and enhance the dynamic performance of silicafilled green tire treads is herein proposed. In this study, sulfurized (Z)sorbitan mono9octadecenoate (SS80) was synthesized characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LCMS), elemental analysis. It confirmed that (S80) can react with sulfur form larger molecular weight SS80 disulfur or polysulfur bonds. subsequently used in conjunction bis (triethoxysilylpropyl)disulfide (TESPD) modify prepare silica/SSBR composites. Particle size analysis transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed incorporating reduced particle modified enhanced its composite. Dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), rubber process (RPA), tests demonstrated composites exhibit loss, modulus, improved wear resistance, maintained propertiesprimarily due dispersion. Overall, study provides a universal costeffective for enhancing dispersibility hydrophobic matrix.

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Passenger car tires (PCTs) usually consist of a silica/silane-filled Butadiene Rubber (BR) or Solution Styrene (SSBR) tread compound. This system is widely used due to improvements observed in rolling resistance (RR) as well wet grip compared carbon black-filled compounds. However, the covalent bond that couples silica via silane with rubber increases challenge recycling these products. Furthermore, this strong unable reform once it broken, leading deterioration tire properties. work aims improve negative aspects silica-filled compounds by developing novel coupling based on non-covalent interactions, which exhibit reversible feature. The formation new was accomplished reacting and phenolic resin order obtain simultaneous interactions hydrogen bonding. reaction performed using two different silanes (amino epoxy silane) an alkyl phenolformaldehyde resin. implementation resulted improved crosslink density, better mechanical performance, superior fatigue behavior, similar indicator.

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A method to make uniformly cured high-modulus graphene oxide/natural rubber tires that have improved wear resistance and tear strength. The method involves optimizing the vulcanization process for thick rubber tires using specific ingredient ratios. It balances internal and external rubber cure to prevent over or under vulcanization. The ratios are: 0.5-5% graphene oxide, 40-120% carbon black, 1-20% activator, 1-20% softener, 1-10% anti-aging agent, 1-10% antioxidant, 1-20% vulcanization accelerator, 1-20% vulcanizing agent, and 1-20% interface modifying agent.

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A method to improve the properties of graphene-modified natural rubber composites by enhancing interfacial interaction between the rubber matrix and graphene. The method involves loading a free radical scavenger onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) during its preparation. When the rGO-modified rubber is mixed, the scavenger annihilates free radicals generated from the rubber due to heat or force, improving interfacial interaction beyond hydrogen bonding. This increases rubber bound to rGO, enhances crosslink density, and improves strength and toughness of the graphene-modified rubber composite.

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ABSTRACT Highperformance rubberbased composites often contain significant amounts of fillers such as carbon black and silica. Improving the behavior with small nanomaterials remains a challenge, limited progress has been reported in recent years. A critical step this modification is to achieve uniform dispersion within composite. In study, nanotubes (CNTs) reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were predispersed sulfur using an innovative method then incorporated into commercial rubber. The quality synthesized their interaction evaluated scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis. CNTs RGO nanoplatelets deposited on particle surfaces, achieving extensive coverage. nanocomposites showed increased crosslink density. minimum torque observed for these materials compared rubber suggests potential lubricating effect during processing. Mechanical tests revealed impact nanomaterials: tear strength by 22% rubber/CNT nanocomposite, while resilience improved approximately 20% all nanocomposites. Contact angle measurements reduction surface wettability after wear... Read More

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Tyres for vehicles with improved grip, wear resistance, and low weight. The tyres contain a rubber matrix with functionalized carbon nanoparticles like graphene and carbon nanotubes. The functionalization improves dispersion of the carbon nanoparticles in the rubber. This provides better grip, structural and chemical properties, and abrasion resistance compared to unfunctionalized carbon nanoparticles. The functionalization involves treating the carbon nanoparticles with chemicals like nitric acid to modify their surface.

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Rubber composition for pneumatic tires with improved durability without sacrificing elongation. The composition contains a diene-based rubber, carbon black, and phosphoric acid-modified cellulose nanofiber. Adding the modified cellulose nanofiber to the rubber composition enhances rubber strength without reducing elongation compared to using just carbon black. This provides better tire durability without compromising tire flexibility.

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Rubber composition for pneumatic tires that improves durability without sacrificing elongation. The composition contains a diene-based rubber, modified diene-based rubber, carbon black, and phosphoric acid-modified cellulose nanofiber. The modified diene-based rubber improves rubber strength, while the nanofiber further enhances strength. The composition allows reducing filler like silica to improve elongation. The composition can be used in vulcanized rubber parts of tires.

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A method to improve the cutting resistance and fuel efficiency of tires by using a specific masterbatch in the tire compound. The method involves mixing cellulose nanofiber dispersion, colloidal silica, and diene-based rubber latex to form a liquid mixture. The mixture is then coagulated to form a masterbatch. This masterbatch is then used to prepare the tire compound. The resulting tire has improved cutting resistance and reduced heat generation compared to conventional tires.

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High-load tire tread rubber composition that improves electrical conductivity of truck and bus tires using silica as the main reinforcing agent. The composition contains a carbon nanotube masterbatch and optimized amounts of silica, zinc oxide, stearic acid, vulcanizing agent, and accelerator. The carbon nanotubes enhance electrical conductivity while the silica provides the necessary reinforcement. The composition has electrical conductivity of 100 MΩ or less, allowing static electricity dissipation from tires.

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A tread rubber composition and preparation method for tires with improved electrical conductivity, low rolling resistance, and wet grip. The composition contains specific amounts of conventional carbon black, white carbon black, silane coupling agent, and protective wax. The preparation method involves mixing the components in a specific order to improve dispersion of the carbon nanotubes.

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Tire tread rubber composition for improved wet road performance, snowy road performance, and abrasion resistance in tires, especially for electric vehicles with heavy loads. The composition uses surface-modified nanocellulose crystals with isocyanate groups as a reinforcing agent instead of traditional carbon black. The nanocellulose crystals improve dispersibility by surface modification with isocyanate. The isocyanate-modified nanocellulose provides better wet grip, snow traction, and wear resistance compared to unmodified nanocellulose.

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Rubber composition for tire sidewalls that reduces heat generation and improves electrical conductivity without negatively impacting other tire properties. The composition contains natural rubber, polybutadiene rubber, carbon black, zinc oxide, stearic acid, antioxidants, wax, resin, oil, sulfur, and modified carbon nanotubes. The modified carbon nanotubes are made by oxidizing and coupling multi-walled carbon nanotubes. This provides lower heat generation compared to regular carbon nanotubes while maintaining electrical conductivity.

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Preparation method to improve dispersion of high-dispersion anti-aging nano filler for tires. The method involves modifying graphene and TiO2 nanoparticles separately, then mixing them in a ball mill to obtain a nano filler with improved dispersion in rubber compounds. This improves tire performance by preventing aging and cracking when exposed to UV radiation during use. The modified graphene and TiO2 nanoparticles have synergistic effects that enhance dispersion when combined.

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Rubber compositions containing nanoparticle fillers made of multiple layers of graphene distributed throughout the rubber matrix. The graphene nanoparticles are initially incorporated into a masterbatch with a non-rubber matrix like plasticizer resins. This allows easier handling and dispersal of the nanoparticles compared to using them directly in the rubber compound. The masterbatch is then added to the main rubber mixture to distribute the nanoparticles throughout the rubber composition. This provides improved physical properties like dynamic shear modulus and glass transition temperature when the rubber is cured. The nanoparticle graphene flakes have sizes between 0.1-1 micron and stack heights between 1-3 layers.

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A composition for tire treads with improved braking and wear performance while maintaining fuel efficiency. The composition contains rubber, silica, and cellulose nanofibers. The cellulose nanofibers can be either unmodified CNF or modified mCNF. Adding these nanofibers to the tire tread improves the braking and wear properties without sacrificing fuel efficiency compared to traditional tire tread compositions.

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Low rolling resistance and high wet slip resistance polystyrene-butadiene rubber composite material for tires. The composite material is prepared by in-situ modification of nano-silica with a terminal siloxane-based liquid fluororubber and a silane coupling agent. This improves dispersion of the nano-silica in the rubber matrix. The modified nano-silica enhances the rolling resistance and wet slip resistance compared to unmodified nano-silica. The modification involves hydrolyzing the silanol groups on the nano-silica surface with the terminal siloxane groups from the liquid fluororubber and the silane coupling agent.

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High wear-resistant green tire tread rubber composition with improved dispersion and wear resistance. It uses a unique surface modification and grafting process for nano-silica filler. The nano-silica is treated with phthalic acid diester to anchor the surface, then grafted with polystyrene using an organic dibasic acid. This forms a hard shell with high connection strength and barrier properties to isolate the nano-silica. The modified nano-silica is mixed with solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber to prepare the high wear-resistant green tire tread rubber composition.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that improves braking performance without sacrificing wear and fuel efficiency. The composition uses modified carbon nanotubes, silane, natural rubber, and a dispersant. The nanotubes are dispersed in a solidified masterbatch form instead of using a dissolving agent. This improves dispersion and bonding between the nanotubes and rubber compared to conventional nanotube addition methods. The modified nanotubes, natural rubber, and silane provide improved braking. The dispersant helps disperse the nanotubes in the rubber matrix. This composition provides better braking without degrading wear and fuel efficiency compared to adding nanotubes directly to the rubber.

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Un-modified fuller’s earth nanoclay and carbon black reinforced elastomeric nanocomposite that gives excellent wet grip and superior processing characteristics for the tire tread. The composite is reinforced with dual filler composition, which comprises un-modified fuller’s earth nanoclay and primary filler as carbon black, in a tread portion.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that contains modified carbon nanotubes to improve wear resistance and tensile properties. The carbon nanotubes are surface-treated to disperse better in the rubber matrix and avoid agglomeration. The modified carbon nanotubes have specific length (10-15 μm) and bulk density (1-2 g/cm³) ranges to optimize dispersion without degrading rubber compound properties.

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Tire used for a vehicle or the like that improves the rolling resistance performance and resistance performance. The tire is adhered to the surface of the tire by using a dispersion liquid containing a metal oxide having a diameter of at least a single nano level.

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Rubber composition for tires containing nanocellulose, silica, and/or carbon black that improves both tensile strength and elongation compared to using nanocellulose alone. The nanocellulose used is water-insoluble with a dispersed water pH of 4.5-6.5. The nanocellulose amount is 0.1-30 parts by mass relative to the diene rubber. The silica and carbon black total is 0.1-80 parts by mass relative to the diene rubber.

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Low heat generation and high wear resistance silica/rubber composite material for tires that improves tire tread performance by reducing rolling resistance and improving wear resistance. The composite material contains silica, rubber, coupling agents, and functional additives. The functional additives have structures containing a silicon-oxygen-carbon (Si-O-C) group and a hydroxy group (-OH). The additives improve interface bonding between the silica and rubber matrix. The composite material has lower heat generation and better wear resistance compared to standard silica-filled rubber.

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High-performance composite rubber for tires with improved cold resistance and toughness using nanomaterial modification. The composite rubber comprises a matrix of styrene-butadiene, butadiene, and natural rubber, nano-fillers like carbon black, clay flakes, and carbon nanotubes, and a silane coupling agent. The nanomaterials improve cold resistance and toughness compared to conventional rubber. The composite rubber is prepared using a mixing apparatus with a rotating plate and stirring rods that have gravity autotransmission components. The rotating plate and rods have gyro rotating sleeves with fins and magnetic balls to change the center of gravity and assist rotation. This improves mixing efficiency, disperses the nanomaterials, and reduces bubbles and pores during mixing.

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A biphase nano filler for styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) that improves strength, elongation, and UV resistance compared to carbon black filler alone. The filler is a composite of spiral nano carbon fibers with nanoscale TiO2 particles loaded on the fiber surfaces. The spiral carbon fibers provide reinforcing properties, and the TiO2 enhances UV resistance. The composite filler can replace a small amount of carbon black in SBR formulations to significantly boost mechanical performance and UV stability.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that improves wear resistance while maintaining wet road braking performance and low fuel consumption. The composition contains a masterbatch with carbon nanotubes and natural oil added to the base rubber. The masterbatch has a weight ratio of 0.1:1 to 1:1 of carbon nanotubes to natural oil. This masterbatch is mixed into the rubber composition along with silica filler. The carbon nanotubes and natural oil enhance wear resistance without sacrificing wet grip or fuel efficiency compared to using just silica filler.

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Rubber composition for tire treads with improved dispersion of carbon nanotubes. The composition contains a master batch with dispersed carbon nanotubes that is mixed with the main rubber components. This allows more uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes in the rubber compared to adding them directly. The master batch has a carbon nanotube content of 1-100 parts by weight per 100 parts rubber. By dispersing the carbon nanotubes first, it avoids issues like agglomeration and requires simpler processing compared to modifying the nanotubes or using multiple steps to disperse them in the rubber.

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Rubber composition for tire treads with improved wear and braking performance. The composition contains metal oxide-coated carbon nanotubes as filler. The coating improves dispersion and compatibility with the rubber matrix. This allows reduced filler loadings compared to uncoated carbon nanotubes. The metal oxide coating also enhances braking and wear resistance. Other components like silica, oils, and curing agents are used. The composition provides a balance of properties like hardness, modulus, elongation, and tack for tire tread performance.

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Rubber composition for tire treads containing highly dispersed nano-silica for improved wet grip and rolling resistance. The composition uses a unique modification technique to disperse nano-silica in the rubber matrix without using surfactants or coupling agents. The nano-silica is modified with a phthalate diester compound that anchors to the silica surface. This is followed by grafting a styrene-butadiene rubber with unsaturated acrylate. The anchor points on the silica and modified rubber attract each other, forming a coating layer that stabilizes the silica dispersion without separating. The coating layer improves compatibility between the silica and rubber matrix, providing better wet grip and rolling resistance.

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Rubber composition for green tires that provides improved wet grip, wear resistance, and rolling resistance compared to traditional rubber compounds. The composition contains a solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) filled with ultra-dispersed nano-silica. The nano-silica is modified using a copolymerization reaction between a silane coupling agent and polyether polyol. This modifies the silica surface with anchor points and grafts a polar coating. This enhances silica dispersion in the SBR matrix without surfactants, improving tire performance.

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Environmentally friendly rubber composition for tire treads containing highly dispersed nano-silica. The composition improves wet skid resistance and rolling resistance compared to conventional rubber compounds. The dispersion method involves anchoring nano-silica particles with a phthalate diester ester group to prevent agglomeration. The anchored silica is then mixed with solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber. The rubber is acylated with dibasic anhydride to provide carbonyl groups. The carbonyl groups attract to the anchored silica particles, forming a coating layer that stabilizes dispersion without additional surfactants.

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A rubber composition for green tire treads that balances wet skid resistance, wear resistance, and rolling resistance. It uses modified nano-silica filler to achieve high dispersion without surfactants. The modification involves anchoring polyether polyol to the silica surface and acylating the rubber with dibasic anhydride. This creates a coating layer on the silica particles that binds to the rubber matrix. It provides strong adhesion without delamination during mixing and processing. The modified silica provides better rubber compatibility and dispersion compared to unmodified nano-silica.

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Anti-wet rubber composition for green tires that improves wet grip performance without sacrificing wear resistance and rolling resistance. The composition uses ultra-dispersed nano-silica modified with a copolymer of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and a silane coupling agent. This modification provides better dispersion and compatibility of the nano-silica in the rubber matrix compared to unmodified nano-silica. The modified nano-silica is used in place of conventional nano-silica to improve wet grip of green tire treads.

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A rubber composition for green tire treads that has improved wet grip, wear resistance, and low rolling resistance. The composition uses a unique method to disperse nano-silica in the rubber matrix. The method involves anchoring silica particles with polyether polyol and then grafting styrene-butadiene rubber onto the silica surface using organic acid. This creates a coating layer on the silica particles that prevents agglomeration. The coating is formed by mutual attraction between the carboxyl groups in the rubber and the ether and hydroxyl groups on the silica surface. The coated silica provides better dispersion in the rubber compared to untreated silica.

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Rubber composition for tire under tread that improves handling performance and electrical conductivity without compromising hysteresis. The composition contains 0.1-10 parts by weight of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) per 100 parts of rubber. This allows uniform dispersion of MWCNT in the rubber matrix without additional processing. The MWCNT have specific properties like diameter, length, density, and carbon purity to provide the desired balance between hardness, electrical conductivity, and hysteresis.

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An inorganic composite for rubber reinforcement that provides enhanced tire performance by improving both rolling resistance and wear resistance. The composite contains secondary particles formed by agglomeration of silica primary particles and amorphous aluminosilicate primary particles having specific compositions. The secondary particles have a size range between micron and sub-micron levels. The composite is prepared by mixing the primary particles in a specific ratio and dispersing them in an aqueous solution. The composite shows uniform dispersion in rubber compositions, leading to better reinforcement properties compared to using just silica or aluminosilicate particles.

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Rubber composite for tires with improved balance of rolling resistance and wear resistance compared to conventional rubber compounds. The composite contains secondary particles formed by agglomeration of silica and amorphous aluminosilicate primary particles. The composite has micron-sized secondary particles with specific properties in the primary particles. The silica has low microporosity (<0.05 cm3/g) and the aluminosilicate has a maximum peak intensity (26-31° 2θ) in XRD. This composite enables uniform dispersion of the inorganic particles in the rubber matrix for enhanced reinforcing effect.

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Tire rubber composition with enhanced wet grip and low rolling resistance compared to conventional tire rubbers. The composition contains a microparticle composite formed from a mixture of an organic microparticle emulsion and a rubber latex. The organic microparticle emulsion is made by polymerizing and/or crosslinking oligomers, prepolymers, and polymers containing functional groups like sulfide bonds and mercapto groups in water. The resulting microparticles have sizes from 0.001 to 100 microns. Blending this composite into the rubber provides improved grip and rolling resistance while maintaining or enhancing mechanical properties compared to using carbon black or silica fillers.

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Rubber compositions and tires with improved ice performance. The rubber compositions contain nanomaterials with short axis lengths less than 100nm and long axis lengths less than 1000nm. The compositions also have a minimum content of 100mg/kg of polar groups. The nanomaterials have rough surfaces that enhance ice traction. The short axis length prevents large particles that reduce roughness. The long axis length limit avoids aggregates. The polar groups improve adhesion on ice.

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Rubber composition for tire treads with improved wear resistance and lower rolling resistance. The composition contains modified nano-silica dispersed in styrene-butadiene rubber latex. The modified nano-silica is prepared by in-situ polymerization using unsaturated acid-based monomers and conjugated diene monomers. This prevents agglomeration of the nano-silica particles and provides better dispersion in the rubber matrix. The modified nano-silica enhances wear resistance while the styrene-butadiene latex reduces rolling resistance.

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Rubber composition for tire treads containing modified nano-silica that improves wear resistance, rolling resistance, and wet grip compared to conventional tire tread rubbers. The modified nano-silica is prepared by in-situ polymerization of conjugated diene monomers and polar monomers like acrylamide and unsaturated acids. This coats the nano-silica surface with hyper-dispersed chains anchored by amide and hydrogen bonding groups. This prevents agglomeration and enhances adhesion to the rubber matrix.

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