Sulfur Reduction Methods for Tire Pyrolysis Oil

Hydroprocessing heavy fossil oil feeds containing minor amounts of pyrolysis oil from plastics, tires, and solid waste to produce lower sulfur, lower viscosity fuels meeting specifications without additives. The process involves hydroconversion of the heavy oil in a fixed bed reactor. The presence of the light pyrolysis oil lowers sulfur and viscosity to meet fuel requirements. This allows direct production of lower sulfur fuels while valorizing the difficult-to-recover pyrolysis oil.

Source

Hydrotreatment process for waste tire pyrolysis oil that overcomes issues like high diolefin content, high sulfur, nitrogen, and chlorine levels. The process involves a specific sequence and catalyst to enable hydrogenation of waste tire pyrolysis oil. It includes mixing the pyrolysis oil with hydrogen at high pressure (15 MPa or more) to hydrogenate the oil. This is followed by a second mixing step with hydrogen at lower pressure (5 MPa or more) using a different hydrogenation catalyst. This two-step hydrogenation sequence allows effective hydrogenation of the oil without deactivating the catalyst due to sulfur and nitrogen levels.

Source

Cleaning method for removing sulfur and nitrogen from cracked diesel oil containing high levels of sulfur and nitrogen compounds, such as pyrolysis oil from waste tires. The cleaning involves a two-step process using specific catalysts and adsorbents. The first step is selective adsorption of benzothiophene using benzothiophene-selective SMIP adsorbent. The second step is selective adsorption of 4,6-dimethylbenzothiophene using 4,6-dimethylbenzothiophene-selective SMIP adsorbent. This two-step process using specialized adsorbents improves the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of the cracked oil. The catalysts used in the hydrofinishing step have modified hydroxyl alumina carriers with dispersed metal sites

Source

A high-value utilization method for sulfur- and nitrogen-containing pyrolysis diesel oil from waste tires. The method involves selective adsorption of quinoline, indole, and carbazole using specialized adsorbents, followed by hydrodesulfurization and denitrogenation using a modified catalyst. This removes sulfur and nitrogen compounds efficiently. The cleaned oil is further processed to extract aromatics, which are then hydrocracked into low-carbon aromatics. The method improves yield of valuable products like low-carbon aromatics while reducing waste from high-sulfur, high-nitrogen pyrolysis diesel.

Source

Cleaning method for sulfur-containing pyrolysis gasoline that uses specific catalysts and processes to efficiently remove sulfides from the oil. The cleaning involves three stages: (1) Selective adsorption of thiophene, 2-methylthiophene, and 3-methylthiophene from the oil using specialized adsorbents. (2) Hydrodesulfurization of the intermediate oil using a catalyst with dispersed active metals on hydroxylated nano-alumina. (3) Further distillation and cracking of the cleaned oil. The catalysts are designed to match the specific sulfur compounds in pyrolysis oil and improve desulfurization efficiency.

Source

Method and apparatus for clarifying pyrolysis oil obtained from waste materials like tires to remove impurities like sulfur and amines, reduce odor, and lower polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The process involves separating the pyrolysis oil from a polar solvent using distillation or a wiped film evaporator. The solvent is chosen to adsorb polar compounds in the oil. After separation, the clarified oil has a lighter yellow color and reduced PAH levels. The solvent is regenerated by passing through clay to extract adsorbed impurities. This allows continuous operation limited by clay column capacity.

Source

Economical process to recover desulfurized fuel oil and fuel gas from waste tires by using a combination of hydroprocessing and distillation. The process involves hydroprocessing tire pyrolysis oil to desulfurize it, followed by distilling the hydroprocessed oil to separate into different fuel products like kerosene, naphtha, fuel oil, fuel, and diesel. The process allows converting impurities in tire pyrolysis oil into higher-value fuels while removing sulfur. It also involves using byproduct fuel and electrolysis to produce low-cost hydrogen for the hydroprocessing step. This leverages the excess fuel and hydrogen availability from pyrolysis to reduce costs.

Source

Economically recovering desulfurized fuel products from pyrolysis oil of waste tires by adsorption, distillation and regenerating the regenerable adsorbent material for reuse. The process involves adsorbing polar sulfur compounds from the tire pyrolysis oil using a regenerable adsorbent. The adsorbed oil is then distilled to separate into fuel products like kerosene, naphtha, fuel oil, fuel and diesel. The adsorbent is regenerated using hot gas and reused. This allows extracting high-quality fuels from tire pyrolysis oil while recovering sulfur compounds as a separate stream for utilization.

Source

Efficient desulfurization of waste tire pyrolysis oil without hydrogenation to reduce energy consumption compared to hydrodesulfurization. The process involves using a catalyst like zeolite Y to remove sulfur from the oil. The catalyst is regenerated after deactivation by burning off carbon buildup using steam and air. This allows reusing the catalyst instead of replacing it, reducing costs compared to hydrodesulfurization which requires hydrogen and new catalysts.

Source

A method to produce high quality oil from waste tires that involves crushing the tires, pyrolyzing them under pressure in ammonia, extracting the oil, and refining it. The pyrolysis is done at 425°C for 2 hours under 6.2 MPa pressure. This yields an oil with low sulfur and nitrogen content that can be further refined into a product similar to industrial grade oil.

Source

Regenerating a targeted anchoring and separating agent for sulfur in oil that can be used in adsorption desulfurization processes. The regeneration involves heating the adsorbent in the presence of a specific precursor solution. The precursor selectively adsorbs onto the adsorbent's surface, replacing the sulfur compounds. The adsorbent can then be desulfurized by passing oil through it. The desulfurized adsorbent is then regenerated by heating it in the precursor solution. This regeneration process allows recycling the adsorbent without burning off oil or producing sulfur oxides.

Source

Hydrotreating pyrolysis products from used tires to produce cleaner motor fuels. The hydrotreating involves optimized conditions using a catalyst with cobalt and molybdenum on an aluminosilicate carrier. The conditions are a temperature of 330-370°C, pressure of 2.2-2.6 MPa, volumetric feed rate of 1.5-3.0 hours-1, and a hydrogen-to-feed ratio of 200-300 nm3/m3. This allows high desulfurization (96.5-98.0%) and hydrogenation (98.1-99.5%) of the gasoline-kerosene fraction, and moderate desulfurization (94.8-96.7%) and hydrogenation (56

Source

A process for separating pyrolysis oil from tire waste into two fractions: a lighter, commercially valuable fraction and a heavier, usable-as-fuel fraction. The process involves an initial thin-film distillation to separate a lighter fraction and a heavier fraction. The lighter fraction is further distilled to isolate the valuable components. The heavier fraction undergoes oxidative desulfurization to remove sulfur and nitrogen compounds, producing a usable fuel oil.

Source

An environmentally friendly rubber-filled oil for use in tire manufacturing that reduces pollution compared to traditional rubber-filled oils. The oil is prepared by desulfurizing and hydrogenating a furfural-extracted oil, followed by stripping of hydrogen sulfide. The process involves catalytic hydrodesulfurization and hydrogenation reactions. The resulting oil has lower aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur levels, making it compliant with EU restrictions.

Source

A system for producing low sulfur fuel oil by cracking waste tires. The system uses a rotary cracking furnace, condenser, stripping tower, gas cabinet, and desulfurization absorption tower. The waste tires are cracked in the furnace to produce pyrolysis gas. The gas is condensed in the condenser to extract fuel oil. The condensate is further stripped of non-condensable gases in the stripping tower. The stripped condensate is desulfurized in the desulfurization absorption tower to remove sulfur compounds and produce low sulfur fuel oil.

Source

Recycling end-of-life tires using microwave pyrolysis to produce valuable products like fuel oils and gases. The microwave pyrolysis process involves heating the tires in a microwave oven to decompose them into gases, liquids, and solids. The key innovation is fractionating the vapors from the pyrolysis reaction before condensing them. This allows separating the gases and liquids into different streams. By adjusting the microwave power and heating rate, pyrolysis oils with low sulfur content and high distillable hydrocarbon fractions can be obtained.

Source

Producing reduced sulfur fuels like diesel or home heating oil by hydroprocessing pyrolysis oil to reduce its sulfur content, then blending the hydroprocessed pyrolysis oil with a higher sulfur base fuel to make an overall lower sulfur fuel. The hydroprocessing conditions involve using a non-aluminum catalyst and low hydrogen-to-oil ratio. The lower sulfur pyrolysis oil is then blended with a higher sulfur base fuel to create a lower sulfur final fuel. This allows using pyrolysis oil as a fuel component without strict sulfur limits, then blending with higher sulfur base fuels to meet sulfur specifications.

Source