Enhance Properties of Reclaimed Carbon

Recycled carbon black with improved properties for reinforcing rubber products. The recycled carbon black has a modified surface condition with specific characteristics that enhance bonding with rubber components. The modifications involve oxidative decomposition of rubber residuals on the carbon black surface followed by filling pores with carbide. This removes rubber carbide adhering to the carbon black and exposes the surface for better rubber bonding. The modified carbon black has a nitrogen surface area of 50-250 m2/g, a Raman peak intensity ratio of 1580/1350 cm-1 of 84-111, and fewer defects compared to unmodified recycled carbon black.

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Recovered carbon black (rCB) made by solvolysis of waste tires at low temperature and pressure to minimize agglomeration and carbon deposits. The process involves contacting tire feedstock with a solvent like aromatic hydrocarbon cuts at weight ratios over 3. This solvolysis dissolves tire components better than pyrolysis to make rCB with low carbon residue content (<1%) compared to pyrolyzed carbon blacks. The rCB has properties similar to virgin carbon blacks but with reduced agglomeration and improved dispersibility.

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The growing demand for sustainable and durable pavement materials has led to the exploration of crumb rubber modified bitumen (CRMB) as a promising alternative conventional in flexible pavements. This study investigates effect (CR) content on abrasion resistance bituminous mixes. A series experimental tests were conducted using tile testing machine, per standard procedures, evaluate surface wear performance. Samples prepared with varying CR contents0% (control), 3%, 5%, 7%by weight bitumen. depth was measured each sample assess resistance. results demonstrated clear improvement performance inclusion rubber. control mix exhibited highest 2.8 mm, while CRMB mixes showed progressive reductions wear2.2 mm (3% CR), 1.7 (5% 1.4 (7% CR). indicates enhanced durability resistance, particularly at higher contents. concludes that significantly improves pavements supports effective reuse waste rubber, promoting both environmental sustainability improved Key Words: Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen (CRMB), pavement, tire recycling, construction, performance, rubberized asphalt

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This investigation fully studied optimizing the thermochemical desulfurization process for carbon black-filled styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) by examining black type effect and loading amount on performance. The analysis of devulcanization efficiency required Horikx-Verbruggen method to evaluate sol fraction crosslink density relationships. When higher amounts are present, speed crosslinking interactions increases. An increase in rate reached 170% N-330, while N-550 showed an 87% such rates. size particles N-330 does not impact performance results. researchers optimized procedures using temperature time variations as critical variables. study results indicate that reduced combined with shorter periods helps minimize formation, improving aggregation behavior system becomes more pronounced when high-temperature conditions prevail, thus it impacts operations outcome. demonstrates necessity match approaches compound characteristics enhanced product properties extended life span applications.

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Thermolysis process and system for recycling waste tires into high-quality recovered carbon black and fuel without post-treatment. The thermolysis system involves heating disused tires to decompose them into recovered carbon black and a liquid fuel. The resulting carbon black is of comparable quality to semi-reinforcing smoke blacks used in rubber. The fuel has a lower content of carbonaceous material compared to traditional tire pyrolysis fuels. This is achieved through the thermolysis process itself without additional post-treatment steps like distillation or catalysis.

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Thermal pyrolysis of waste tires is an economically viable industrial method for material recovery and energy production. This article presents the results research on processing used car by in a nitrogen-free environment under atmospheric pressure. Tires sourced from local vulcanization center were as raw material. The process was conducted using experimental setup consisting reactor, collector gases liquids, condenser. For experiment, 4180 g tire fragments used. carried out at temperature 500C pressure one hour. As result, 1800 ml oil, 1320 carbon black, 600 metallic cord, 630 gas obtained. physical properties oil studied: density 0.906 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity 0.75 mm2/s, acidity 104.4 mg/dm3. Infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed presence aromatic, alkene, alkyne groups. Liquid fuel obtained distillation unit. From 150 60 liquid produced. Elemental indicated that contained nitrogen (2.57%) sulfur (1.27%).

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ABSTRACT The erosion and polarization effects were much more evident with the increase in plasma power for pyrolysis carbon black (CBp) arising from waste tire. However, a strong fusion effect appeared when reached 600 W. CBp400 W had best dispersion rubber matrix deepest interaction molecular chains. CBp600 worst most remarkable weak matrix. Compared NR/CBp0 W, tensile strength increased by 16.6%, DIN abrasion volume decreased 8.1% NR/CBp400 Its coefficient of friction (COF) resistance enhanced 22.6%/56.5% (7 N : 0.25 m/s), 13.5%/30.1% 0.5 7.6%/28.8% (14 20.3%/34.1% m/s) under dry conditions. steady COF 53% compared wet conditions, regulation was accordance that tan at 0C detected dynamic mechanical measurement. In this work, it proved 400 optimized power. Filler fillerpolymer crucial factors enhancing resistance. Additionally, research introduced novel approach assessing wetslip materials.

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This study focuses on the production and characterization of activated carbons derived from carbonaceous residue obtained through catalytic pyrolysis waste tires. A process was conducted at 450 C 575 C, employing two zeolitic catalysts, commercial ZSM-5 a synthesized zeolite (PZ2), developed natural pozzolan, which played key role in performance quality resulting carbons. After pyrolysis, solid residues were chemically using KOH to improve their porous structure surface characteristics. Comprehensive carried out, including textural properties (BET area porosity) morphological (SEM) analysis carbons, as well crystallinity evaluation (XRD) catalysts. The BET areas PZ2-T1-AK PZ2-T2-AK reached 608.65 m2/g 624.37 m2/g, respectively, values that surpass those reported for similar materials under comparable activation conditions. suggests strong potential applications adsorption processes, pollutant removal. These findings demonstrate effectiveness zeolite-catalyzed particularly PZ2, sustainable strategy transforming tire into high-performance adsorbent materials. approach supports circ... Read More

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A thermolysis process and system for recycling old tires to produce high quality recovered carbon black and fuel that avoids the need for post-treatment steps like distillation or catalysis. The process involves thermolysis of tires to yield a fuel with lower carbon content compared to conventional methods. The fuel is amber to brown in color instead of black. The recovered carbon black has similar properties to semi-reinforcing smoke blacks used in rubber. This is achieved without further processing, unlike existing methods that require distillation or catalysts to improve fuel quality.

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<title>Abstract</title> The extensive production and consumption of ground tire rubber (GTR) have led to a significant accumulation waste, posing substantial environmental challenge. To enhance the recycling efficiency GTR, this work introduces an innovative plasma-assisted method utilizing dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technology for devulcanization. Experimental results demonstrate that, after plasma treatment at voltage 18 kV 30 minutes, crosslink density decreased from 2.110⁴ 0.810<sup> mol/cm³, gel content reduced 96.890.5%, indicating effective cleavage S-S C-S bonds during process. Notably, corresponding tensile strength elongation break plasma-regenerated reached 10.2 MPa 357.7%, respectively, meeting standards high-grade applications. Finally, plausible mechanism underlying devulcanization process is proposed. This novel approach holds promise enhancing sustainability by enabling efficient eco-friendly recycling.

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Recycled carbon black with improved properties for rubber products by modifying the surface of recycled carbon black obtained from pyrolyzing waste tires. The modification involves continuously introducing the recycled carbon black into a main burner flame and passing it through the flame. This removes rubber residuals adhering to the carbon black surface. The burner flame conditions are optimized to maintain low oxygen levels during combustion. The modified carbon black has lower rubber impurities and higher bonding with rubber components compared to unmodified recycled carbon black.

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Abstract. The disposal of waste tires has become a substantial environmental challenge attributed to their accumulation and potential hazards. Pyrolysis emerges as viable approach for the valorization tires, into valuable products such pyrolytic char. This carbon-rich char can be effectively used pollutant removal or further processed activated carbon, which is widely utilized in purification catalytic applications. study explores impact pyrolysis temperature zeolite catalyst dosage on yield carbonous materials from degradation derived pyrolysis. Firstly, slow at 500C 3 hours yielded 60% solid Subsequently, was subjected temperatures varying 600C 800C ranging 0 1.5. findings discovered diverse patterns carbon with increasing across temperatures. At 800C, linear rise 80% 71% noted dosage, coke formation surface catalyst. Conversely, 700C 600C, reduced 88% 68% 85% 65%, respectively, potentially due promotion liquid product formation. present research demonstrates significant providing insight optimizing decomposition, tire-derived carbonaceous materials.

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Abstract The closed-loop recycling of spent graphite (SG) anodes is an effective method to reduce resource consumption and address environmental issues. However, the still poor electrochemical performance regenerated anode hinders its recycling. It crucial develop green efficient repair strategies achieve upgraded waste graphite. Here, we propose vapor deposition strategy regenerate (SG). At 900, cross-linking reactions are employed construct gradient disordered carbon structures, which surface SG inhibit internal crystal rearrangement, thereby improving initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) anode, enhancing Li+transport performance, cycling stability. (PVDC@G-1) has ICE 91.2% a reversible capacity 392.5mAh/g. After 300 cycles at 1C, specific remains as high 334.5mAh/g. This realizes approach provides unique insights into regulating structure repairing defects, offering new for SG.

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Abstract Pyrolysis is becoming increasingly important in the context of recycling and volume endoflife tires worldwide. Sustainable carbon black (sCB), which produced from pyrolysis oil instead crude oil, recovered (rCB), remaining solid pyrolysis, are promising secondary raw materials for rubber compounds as a substitute industrial fossil resources. This study investigates possibility substituting N550 partially or fully an EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) sealing compound. rCB contains impurities that affect properties Aging at higher temperatures, presence oxygen studied. The evaluated after heat treatment air different temperatures up to 6 weeks. results show sCB very close material terms its inrubber properties. Due impurities, alters crosslinking density structure polymersulfur network (shift polysulfidic structure). Lower reinforcement also observed, related weaker polymerfiller (decrease I 3/1 by 3% 43% vCB) fillerfiller interactions. effects more pronounced containing rCB.

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The pyrolysis carbon black (CBp) from waste tires contains zinc, iron, and other metal elements, which have high recycling value. This study proposes a simple method of recovering zinc iron tire-derived CBp to synthesize hydrotalcite-type adsorbents for the treatment anodic dye wastewater. Firstly, zinc-aluminum hydrotalcite (LDH) zinc-iron aluminum (FeLDH) were obtained by leaching ions with an acid solution. As compared LDH, FeLDH shows increased laminate ion arrangement density layer spacing. By calcining LDH at 500 C, oxides (LDO) (FeLDO) then prepared applied adsorption methyl orange (MO). results demonstrate that maximum capacity LDO FeLDO are 304.9 609.8 mg g1 pH 4.0, respectively. processes both consistent Langmuir isotherm proposed second-order kinetic model. regeneration performance mechanism also investigated in detail. Regeneration experiments show after three cycles, removal rate MO remains above 80%, while only around 64% first cycle regeneration. work would provide new pathway realize high-value solve contamination

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Continuous carbon material modification reactor and system for enhancing quality and efficiency of modifying carbon materials like carbon black, graphene, etc. The reactor uses a screw conveying device to continuously feed, turn, and process the carbon material inside multiple reactors connected in series. Ozone gas is introduced into each reactor to oxidize the carbon. Adjusting parameters like gas flow rate, screw speed, and reactor count allows optimizing modification quality and yield. The system has separate units for compressing, oxygenating, and ozone generation.

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Recycled carbon black for tires that improves reinforcement properties while maintaining fracture resistance compared to virgin carbon black. The recycled carbon black has specific particle size, surface area, and color characteristics. It is produced by pyrolyzing waste tires and separating out the carbon black. The recycled carbon black has a particle size D90 of 310 nm or less, a nitrogen adsorption surface area of 50-85 m2/g, and a specific tint strength of 55 or more. This allows making tires with better reinforcement properties from recycled carbon black compared to virgin carbon black.

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Preparing high-density and high-strength carbon graphite materials using a short-process that avoids the long cycles and high costs of traditional methods. The key is adding both heterogeneous and homogeneous artificial volatile matter to the green body during roasting. This provides internal pressure as the volatile gases evaporate, aiding sintering and density. It also helps fill pores, reducing mass loss and defects. The heterogeneous volatile matter is mixed with the carbonaceous raw materials, while the homogeneous volatile matter is in the green body.

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A method for preparing high-strength carbon graphite products using a unique process that addresses challenges like raw material availability, graphite anisotropy, and internal cracking during production. The method involves mixing ultrafine carbon powder with a low-temperature asphalt and calcium hydroxide using alcohol as a dispersant. The weight ratio of powder, asphalt, and calcium hydroxate is 100-150:1-2:20-30:10-15. This mixture is compacted into graphite shapes without kneading or molding. The anisotropy and cracking issues are avoided due to the uniform dispersion of components in the alcohol solution. The low-temperature asphalt also reduces the graphite shrinkage during temperature changes. The resulting graphite products have improved strength and isotropy compared to conventional methods.

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Preparing high-density and high-strength carbon materials using waste carbon composite materials. The method involves mechanically shaping the waste to dissociate the interfaces between carbon fiber and pyrolytic carbon. This is followed by self-sintering and traditional sintering to densify the material. The mechanical shaping reduces porosity and refines particles to increase density. The self-sintering leverages the mesophase carbon microspheres' property to coordinate traditional sintering.

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High-density and high-strength special carbon material prepared by a cross-linking promotion process for applications like aerospace, transportation, energy and chemical industry. The carbon material is made by mixing carbon aggregate and modified asphalt binder with specific ratios. The modified asphalt has a softening point of 100-120°C and low quinoline insoluble matter content. This composition reduces volume expansion during roasting, increases density, and improves mechanical properties compared to traditional carbon materials.

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Preparing high-density, high-strength carbon materials from mesophase carbon microspheres. The method involves compressing the mesophase carbon microspheres at high pressure and temperature to densify and strengthen them. The densification process involves heating the microspheres in an inert atmosphere at temperatures above 2500°C and pressures above 20 MPa to form the high-density, high-strength carbon material. This method allows achieving carbon densities above 1.9 g/cm3 and flexural strengths above 97 MPa.

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Method for regenerating activated carbon from waste tire carbon black to improve its properties and value. The process involves treating the tire carbon black, granulating it, and then activating it again at high temperature. This removes impurities, improves adsorption capacity, and reduces carbon loss during activation compared to directly activating tire carbon black.

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Upgrading low-quality carbon fibers by pyrolyzing organic compounds like methane in their presence to improve mechanical and electrical properties. The process involves capturing some of the formed carbon particles inside a porous carbon material like carbon fiber. This reduces the porosity of the material while embedding carbon black particles. The embedded carbon black fills pores and heals defects in the original fiber, enhancing its properties. The fiber acts as a Joule heating element to drive the pyrolysis by passing electrical current through it. The carbonization process converts the fiber into a more useful product compared to the original low-quality fiber.

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Efficient modification method to optimize the structure and function of waste tire pyrolysis carbon black, enabling its recycling into high-value rubber products. The method involves selectively breaking down the surface of larger particle size carbon black to expose more active sites, while shielding the smaller particle size carbon black. This is achieved through low-temperature plasma treatment of the carbon black in nitrogen or water vapor atmospheres. The modified carbon black has improved rubber reinforcement properties compared to unmodified carbon black.

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Method to recycle and reuse pyrolysis carbon black from waste tires in tire manufacturing. The method involves treating pyrolysis carbon black with acid and grinding it before activation to restore its reinforcing properties. The acid treatment removes ash and organic molecules, and grinding reduces particle size. This improves the elongation of the regenerated carbon black compared to untreated pyrolysis carbon black. The acid treatment is followed by activation under controlled conditions to further enhance the carbon black properties. The regenerated carbon black can then be used in tire rubber instead of virgin carbon black.

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A method for granulating carbon black from waste tires that improves the quality and yield of recovered carbon black. The method involves adding a modification solution and an alkaline solution during the granulation process. The modification solution prevents agglomeration and improves conductivity of the carbon black. The alkaline solution neutralizes acidity of the binder to reduce ash content and improve carbon black quality.

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A method to prepare supercapacitors using waste tire pyrolysis carbon black as electrode material to improve specific capacitance. The method involves activating the waste tire carbon black with a combination of carbon dioxide and nitrogen at high temperatures. The CO2 promotes pore formation and expansion, while the N2 prevents excessive graphitization. This treatment increases the specific surface area and porosity of the carbon black, enhancing its performance as an electrode material in supercapacitors compared to untreated waste tire carbon black.

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High-density carbon production technology that involves heating and compressing carbon materials in an inert gas environment to create dense carbon products with improved bonding strength. The process uses carbon materials prepared by specific heating and crushing of solid pitch to produce carbon with enhanced self-sintering properties. This allows high-density carbon products to be made through heating and pressing the carbon material instead of complex multi-step processes. The inert gas protection prevents oxidation during compression. The simplified process improves efficiency, saves energy, and provides denser carbon products with better bonding compared to traditional methods.

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Process for pyrolyzing waste tires to produce fuel oil and carbon black while reducing emissions and waste. The process involves pyrolyzing tires at 350-400°C using the high-temperature flue gas from combusting the pyrolysis gas as the heat source. The pyrolysis gas is condensed to recover pyrolysis oil. A rotating rake roller crushes and agitates the tires to pyrolyze the rubber completely. A three-stage bell jar feeding mechanism isolates the tires from the pyrolysis chamber. The pyrolysis exhaust is condensed, fractionated, and used as process fluid. The carbon black is consolidated using maltodextrin solution to enhance particle strength.

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Preparing a composite material for rubber using graphene grafted onto waste tire pyrolysis carbon black. The method involves dispersing graphene oxide with a co-dispersant like sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, followed by chemical modification with a coupling agent like Si69, KH550, or KH570. The modified graphene is then mixed with waste tire pyrolysis carbon black to make a composite material. The graphene enhances rubber properties like strength, wear resistance, and heat generation, while the waste tire carbon black reduces ash content. The composite balances cost and performance compared to using graphene or waste tire carbon black alone.

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A heat treatment method to modify carbon nanotube aggregates and improve their mechanical properties. The method involves heating the carbon nanotube aggregates to a high temperature followed by slow cooling. This process repairs defects, generates functional groups, increases force between nanotubes, and shrinks the aggregate. It enhances strength, modulus, elongation, conductivity, and uniformity compared to untreated aggregates.

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A method for producing desulfurization and denitrification carbon with improved performance for flue gas treatment. The method involves external heating carbonization followed by activation in an integrated furnace. The carbonization is done slowly at low temperatures to allow ordered pyrolysis of the material, maximizing pore formation. The activation is done at high temperatures above 650°C where the material polycondenses and coke forms while still in an activator atmosphere. This preserves pore structure and wear resistance while increasing compressive strength and ignition point.

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Recycling worn tires and rubber products to obtain carbon-containing material with improved properties for use in manufacturing new tires. The recycling process involves mechanically shredding the tires, removing bead rings, and treating the shredded material with inhibitors to prevent metal and particle contamination during pyrolysis. This reduces impurities and increases surface activity of the carbon-containing material, allowing it to be used as a filler in new tires without negatively impacting strength and performance.

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Utilizing waste tires as a resource by converting them into high-performance carbon materials for lithium and sodium batteries. The method involves activating the waste tires with acids or alkalis, followed by calcination at 600-800°C to create carbon materials with higher surface areas. These activated carbon materials from waste tires have higher specific capacitance compared to unactivated carbon when used as battery electrodes. The alkali-activated carbon has even better performance. This provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to burning tires while producing valuable battery materials.

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Hard carbon material and method to prepare hard carbon/graphite composite materials for lithium-ion battery negative electrodes using waste tire reclaimed rubber as a low-cost, recycled raw material. The method involves carbonization of the rubber powder at temperatures of 900-1500°C for 2-6 hours. The resulting hard carbon can be used as a negative electrode material or coated onto graphite particles to improve charge/discharge performance. Recycling waste tire rubber in this way reduces cost and provides a sustainable alternative to high-molecular polymer precursors for hard carbon.

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A method to produce high-strength, high-modulus carbon fibers with improved mechanical properties like strength and modulus. The method involves pre-oxidation, low-temperature carbonization, high-temperature carbonization, infrared laser irradiation, and gamma ray irradiation of the carbon fiber precursor. This sequence rearranges the disordered graphite structure of carbon fibers into ordered structures through graphitization and cross-linking. The fast laser heating shortens graphitization time and increases production rate. Gamma ray irradiation further improves fiber strength.

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Method for preparing high-strength carbon material by using waste carbon raw materials like asphalt coke dust and lithium battery anode micropowder. The process involves kneading, molding, and graphitizing the waste materials to create a high-strength carbon product. The waste carbon materials are added layer by layer to a kneading pot with water, binder, and carbon fiber. The mixture is kneaded, molded, and graphitized to produce a finished high-strength carbon material. This allows utilizing and upcycling waste carbon materials into a valuable product instead of disposal.

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A simple and efficient process to produce high strength carbon materials without the need for multiple impregnation and roasting steps. The process involves pulverizing calcined petroleum coke to a certain size, soaking it in a dilute acid solution for 5 hours, washing to neutral pH, drying, and mixing with coal tar pitch. The mixture is kneaded and rolled to form a green body, which is then molded and pressed at high pressure. The molded green body is then heated to form the final high strength carbon material.

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Method for preparing high-strength carbon material waste utilization process to efficiently utilize waste like carbon scraps, lose stubble, and graphite dust from manufacturing processes. The waste is mixed, kneaded, milled, molded, and pressed to form high-strength carbon products. The kneading step involves blending the waste with coal at controlled temperatures. This process allows utilization of waste carbon materials to create dense, high-strength carbon products with uniform structure.

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Method to convert waste tires into high-quality activated carbon using thermal cracking. The process involves separating carbon black from the tires, grinding it, mixing it with coal and pitch, drying, carbonizing, and activating it to produce column-shaped activated carbon with high surface area. This allows recovering valuable carbon from tires and converting it into a commercially viable form for various applications.

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Method for producing high purity recycled carbon black from waste tires that reduces ash content below 1% for use as a high quality filler. The method involves treating the recycled carbon from tire pyrolysis with non-polar and polar solvents before acid or base leaching. This removes oily hydrocarbons exposing metal and non-metal oxides for easier solvent extraction.

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Method for making carbonaceous molded articles using waste tires and coke dust that can be used at high temperatures. The process involves mixing waste tire carbide powder, coke dust, and oxidized pitch powder in specific weight ratios, molding the mixture, and firing it at high temperatures to densify. The oxidized pitch acts as a binding agent. The carbonaceous aggregate composition allows recycling waste tires and coke dust to create molded articles with high temperature resistance and density.

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Preparing a carbonaceous material using waste tire powder and graphite powder for applications like civil engineering materials. The method involves mixing a specific ratio of waste tire powder and graphite powder, compressing the mixture into a pellet, and heating it to form the carbonaceous material. This allows recycling waste tire powder instead of landfilling or incinerating it. The resulting carbonaceous material has properties suitable for civil engineering applications like road construction.

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A method for processing scrap tires and other discarded rubber items to obtain useful carbon products through pyrolysis and further processing. The pyrolysis step involves heating the scrap rubber to convert it into char. This char is then subjected to resonance disintegration, a process using high frequency vibrations, to break down the char particles into finer sizes. The resonance disintegration modifies the carbon particles' surface chemistry and morphology. The resulting carbon products have properties suitable for uses like rubber, inks, pigments, and plastics.

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Method to manufacture carbon molded articles like crucibles using waste tires. The method involves converting the rubber and felt parts of waste tires into carbon powder through carbonization. This carbon powder is mixed with oxidized pitch powder and molded into shapes. The molded pieces are then fired to form carbon molded articles with excellent chemical resistance and erosion resistance. The key is using the rubber and felt from tires instead of expensive mesophase particles or high-cost resins. It leverages the waste tire material to make carbon molded products.

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A method to reduce ash content in carbon materials like carbon black by roasting pyrolyzed waste polymers in molten salt. The method involves pyrolyzing waste polymers in an inert atmosphere to produce pyrolyzed carbon. This pyrolyzed carbon is then roasted in molten salt at temperatures around 400°C for 30-200 minutes. The molten salt reacts with the pyrolyzed carbon to remove impurities and ash, leaving behind low ash carbon material. The salt used contains dissolved metal ions that react with the carbon during roasting to form metal oxides. After roasting, the carbon is washed, dried, and crushed to produce the low ash carbon material.

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