Tire Life Extension Methods

Heavy truck tire tread design that improves traction and shoulder rib wear compared to solid ribs, without abnormal wear, by using non-overlapping sipes in the shoulder ribs with specific angles. The sipe angles range from 41°-85°, allowing the sipe to exit into the shoulder notch towards the tread edge. This provides better traction and wear rate in the shoulder ribs compared to solid ribs, without the risk of abnormal wear.

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Method for predicting the remaining life of a tire on an aircraft before replacement. The method involves tracking the wear of a specific wear indicator in the tread of the tire. The wear indicator is a feature with a known shape and location in the tread. By monitoring the appearance of the wear indicator as the tire wears, the remaining life can be estimated. This allows anticipating when the tire needs to be replaced without relying solely on direct visual inspection of the tread height. The wear indicator provides a more reliable and predictive measure of wear progression.

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A tire casing life management system to predict the remaining life of the casing inside a tire's tread. The system calculates the heat history received by the tire during a short period, estimates the cumulative heat over a year based on the short period, and predicts casing life from that. It uses temperature sensors, travel data, and weather info to accurately estimate casing life. It also proposes tire operations based on remaining casing life, transmits the casing life to users, and determines retreading feasibility.

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Airless tire design with improved load distribution to enhance durability and prevent spoke failure. The tire has spokes connecting the wheel rim to the tread, with a bent section between the rim and tread ends of each spoke. An intermediate ring connects the bent sections. This configuration allows load applied to the tire to be transmitted circumferentially through the ring instead of just through the spokes. This distributes the load better compared to straight-spoke designs, preventing excessive loading on spokes near the ground contact.

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Aircraft tire compositions with improved inflation pressure retention, air retention, and crack resistance using graphene. The tire compositions have low permeability and high inflation pressure retention due to graphene addition at very low levels. This allows reducing natural rubber in the innerliner to improve air retention without sacrificing durability. The graphene also improves crack resistance in tread compounds. The graphene used is pure and exfoliated into monolayer sheets.

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Tire design with improved rolling resistance and durability by using an apex configuration between the bead and carcass ply. The tire has an apex with three layers: an outer tapered apex body, an intermediate harder strip apex, and an inner softer apex body. This gradual stiffness transition between the apex and carcass ply reduces concentration of stress at the outer end of the apex body compared to a single apex layer.

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Centralized cooling system for vehicles like trucks, trains, etc. that actively cools brakes, wheels, tires, and bearings to prevent damage and extend component life. The system uses a central control module that monitors factors like braking force, vehicle speed, terrain, and air flow to optimize cooling times and intensities. It also has sensors to detect temperatures and interconnects with the vehicle's TPMS system to monitor tire temps. The module controls brushless fans with IP69 protection and current control. The system can operate with the vehicle off to dissipate heat. It provides an integrated, adaptive, and proactive cooling solution for vehicles compared to passive systems.

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Tyre sustainability is an important aspect of environmental responsibility in the automotive industry. This paper encompasses processes tyre production, use, wear and disposal a way that minimizes negative impacts on environment human health. It focuses extending life tyres, reducing their ecological footprint recycling them efficiently. From production to use recycling, number measures can be taken reduce tyres ecosystems society. These steps include innovations materials, improved technologies responsible approach waste management.

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Heavy truck tire tread design that improves wear life without compromising wet braking performance. The tread has a unique groove configuration with hidden, open, and partially hidden grooves. This configuration provides more contact surface area for wear resistance without increasing the contact pressure that can harm wet braking. It also has lateral sipes that extend across multiple grooves to prevent irregular wear. The hidden grooves have undersurface channels that open to the contact surface as the tread wears. This provides additional contact surface without increasing the total depth. The open grooves have bottom surfaces that become visible as the tread wears. The partially hidden grooves have bottom surfaces that partially become visible. The sipes have a height greater than half the tread depth. The hidden grooves, open grooves, and partially hidden grooves along with the sipes provide a more complex contact pattern as the tread wears, preventing irregular

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A method to improve the durability of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cord reinforcing plies in tire cap layers. The method involves coating the single filament PET cord with an adhesive, drying it, and then thermobonding the cord at elevated temperature under tension. The bonding step applies tension of 8-12 mN/dtex to the cord while heating it between 23-260°C for 30-90 seconds. This process strengthens the PET cord and enhances durability without adding weight or increasing noise compared to untreated PET cord. The treated PET cord can be used in tire cap plies to improve durability without sacrificing other performance characteristics.

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Tire design to balance wear life and cut resistance in construction and mining tires. The tire has narrow grooves in the tread to increase rubber volume and wear life. However, narrow grooves can lead to cut separation between the tread and belt due to road cuts. To address this, the tire has a unique groove configuration in the center of the tread. The center groove has a tapered section that gradually widens towards the base, followed by a wide straight section. This design provides initial rubber volume for wear resistance, but in the middle of wear when cuts are more likely, the wide straight section appears to prevent separation between the tread and belt.

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Balancing tire wear between tandem drive axles in vehicles like trucks to reduce premature tire replacement and improve vehicle performance. The system biases torque distribution between the front and rear tandem axles based on operating conditions to compensate for asymmetric wear. Sensors monitor axle conditions, and a controller calculates a bias factor based on factors like loading, torque, and scrub. It then adjusts the requested torque split between the axles to mitigate uneven wear. This prevents accelerated wear feedback loops and improves tire life.

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Detecting when a tire rotation is needed for a vehicle using onboard sensors to monitor tire rolling radius and recommending tire rotations based on the difference in rolling radius between the front and rear tires. The system compares the rolling radius difference to a threshold and notifies the driver when it exceeds the threshold, indicating that a tire rotation is recommended. This allows optimizing tire wear by moving the less worn tires to the positions that will wear down faster.

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A pneumatic tire design that balances shock burst resistance and high-speed durability. The tire has a tread with center and shoulder regions. The center region has a center cover layer between the tread and carcass. The center region thickness is less than the shoulder region thickness. This reduces center tread height compared to the shoulders. It prevents excessive loading and pressure differences in the center during high-speed driving that can degrade durability. The center cover layer provides shock burst resistance without excessive center tread height.

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The article presents the analysis of technical requirements for automobile tires, which have a direct impact on safety wheeled vehicles by increasing adhesion tires to support surface with low coefficients, wet asphalt, rolled snow and ice, as well environmental characteristics wheel rolling resistance sound level reduction when driving asphalt. scientific novelty is research aimed at limiting abrasive wear tire tread, development test methods its assessment during road bench tests. uncertainties possible systematic accidental errors that occur testing are analyzed, may affect results supervision in market products released basis primary certification. carried out application international norms UN Regulations Global Technical Republic Belarus Russian Federation, Eurasian Economic Union whole. Recommendations offered early modern State countries comparison Regulation On Safety Wheeled Vehicles.

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A tire with improved adhesion durability between the steel cord and rubber coating for better fuel efficiency and longer tire life. The tire uses steel cords for belt reinforcement that are not twisted and have a specific maximum gap between filaments. The steel cords are coated with rubber and have a ternary metal coating of copper, zinc, and iron. This coating composition and cord configuration provide better adhesion between the steel and rubber compared to conventional cords. The reduced gap between filaments prevents belt edge separation. The specific ternary metal coating improves adhesion. This allows thinner rubber coatings for fuel efficiency while maintaining adhesion.

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Heavy duty construction vehicle tire with reduced crown temperature for longer tire life. The tire has cavities extending into the tread from the surface or edge that contain a low-hysteresis elastomer layer with silica filler. The depth of the cavities varies linearly with the silica content of the adjacent low-hysteresis layer. This allows heat exchange between the cavities and external environment to dissipate internal tire heat.

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A tire balancing system that uses a mixture of non-absorbent beads and moisture absorbing beads to improve tire longevity and balance. The mixture prevents moisture buildup inside the tire that can cause corrosion, pressure fluctuations, and clogged valves. The non-absorbent beads provide balancing while the moisture absorbing beads prevent excess moisture from clumping the balancing beads.

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Pneumatic tire design that improves steering stability, durability, and ease of mounting/demounting without compromising one another. The tire has a turned-up ply with turned-up portions around the bead cores. Inner and outer apex rubbers extend between the main body and turned-up portions. The inner apex rubber height is 18-30 mm. The tire has specific buttress, maximum width, and bead thickness measurements satisfying expressions (1)-(4). This configuration improves steering stability, durability, and allows easier mounting/demounting compared to traditional turned-up ply designs.

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In the context of intensification open-pit mining and growth quarry machinery fleet, issues efficient use maintenance oversized ultra-large tires are becoming particularly relevant. This article is devoted to analysis causes tire wear dump trucks consideration hot vulcanization method as main their restoration. It was established that greatest risk damage falls on sides tread tire, nature defects diverse often combined. The method, in strict accordance with technological regulations, ensures restoration mechanical properties a significant increase service life. stages considered, including preparation, cleaning, application materials, heat treatment, cosmetic noted process labor-intensive requires further optimization, automation improvement solutions. addition, order resistance wheels, it proposed consider possibility implementing design changes them themselves. obtained results can be useful development regulations equipment repair systems.

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Rapid urbanization has intensified pressure on transport infrastructures, with urban bus networks playing a crucial role in promoting sustainable mobility. However, managing operational costs while minimizing environmental impacts remains major challenge. This study investigates the innovative Tire-as-a-Service (TaaS) model applied to fleets, incorporating regrooving and retreading techniques improve tire durability efficiency. The TaaS shifts focus from purchasing tires service-based approach, where users pay according usage (i.e., kilometers driven), proactive maintenance waste reduction. Solving this problem is based discrete-event simulation algorithm optimize inspection schedules and, consequently, minimize total guaranteeing minimum level of service reducing impact. A robustness analysis will validate developed, thus contributing more system.

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Motorcycle tire with tread design to reduce wear step formation. The tire has a curved tread profile. The land ratio, or width-to-height ratio, of each zone between the tread edges and ground contacting surface is specified. This prevents excessive wear step formation at the edges of the tread by optimizing the wear distribution. The curved tread shape and controlled land ratios suppress the step wear that can occur in the center of the tread due to its shape.

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Automatically determining tire wear in real-time during vehicle operation without visual inspection or manual measurement. The method involves using sensors to continuously monitor tire parameters like rolling radius and stiffness. A machine learning model normalizes the effects of these parameters on rolling radius and stiffness. Changes in normalized rolling radius and stiffness over time indicate tire wear. The model can determine average wear and irregular wear patterns.

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Tire tread for heavy construction vehicles that improves grip, especially on muddy terrain, while also increasing wear resistance. The tread has blocks with concave contact faces and a distribution of radial heights between the inner and outer portions that allows better penetration and anchoring. The concave contact faces have at least three pairs of sides forming angles greater than 180 degrees. This shape provides better grip and traction compared to convex contact faces. The radial height of the outer penetration portion is 0.1-0.6 of the total block height.

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Pneumatic tire with improved grip and durability at high speeds. The tire has a tread with at least two rubber compounds with different thermal conductivities in the ground contacting surface. This allows efficient heat dissipation during high-speed running to prevent excessive heat buildup. The tire also has specific dimensions and groove geometry to further enhance grip and durability.

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A compound called 3,14,14-trimethyl-2,3,4,4a,5,12,14,14a-octahydroquinolino[2,3-b]acridin-7 (1H)-one that can be used as an aging stabilizer in rubber products like tires. The compound has a lower hazard potential compared to traditional aging stabilizers like p-phenylenediamines. It can be used in rubber mixtures at low amounts to provide sufficient aging protection without blooming. The compound can be synthesized by reacting citronellal, acetone, and aniline derivatives.

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Rubber composition for pneumatic tires with improved durability without sacrificing elongation. The composition contains a diene-based rubber, carbon black, and phosphoric acid-modified cellulose nanofiber. Adding the modified cellulose nanofiber to the rubber composition enhances rubber strength without reducing elongation compared to using just carbon black. This provides better tire durability without compromising tire flexibility.

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Rubber composition for pneumatic tires that improves durability without sacrificing elongation. The composition contains a diene-based rubber, modified diene-based rubber, carbon black, and phosphoric acid-modified cellulose nanofiber. The modified diene-based rubber improves rubber strength, while the nanofiber further enhances strength. The composition allows reducing filler like silica to improve elongation. The composition can be used in vulcanized rubber parts of tires.

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Pneumatic vehicle tire with improved cooling and stone trapping resistance in the shoulder region. The tire has sidewall and tread with a shoulder-side profile rib containing depressions. The depression openings are elongated rectangular or trapezoidal, with angled end flanks and a base that transitions from inner base to outer base to a convex middle base. The depression length is 30-50% of the rib width. This shape provides better cooling by maximizing surface area and stone trapping resistance by preventing stone retention. The zigzag groove shape and depression placement beside bend inner sides further improves rigidity and cooling.

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Oil-extended conjugated diene polymer for tire rubber with improved low-temperature properties and bloom resistance compared to conventional oil-extended polymers. The polymer is made by extending a conjugated diene polymer with an oil containing specific properties. The oil has a UV/RI detection area ratio of 10 or less and an extrapolated initial melting temperature of 23°C or less. This oil-extended polymer forms cross-linked rubber with enhanced low-temperature performance and reduced bloom when used in tire compounds.

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A tire assembly using shape memory alloys (SMAs) combined with polymers to create structures with combined properties of elasticity and strength. The tire assembly replaces the inner tube in a pneumatic tire with a toroidal SMA structure encapsulated in polymer. The SMA structure absorbs load like a spring and prevents punctures. The polymer encloses and bonds the SMA to the tread.

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Tire design with multiple body plies and stabilizer ply inserts to improve durability and reduce weight compared to conventional tire construction. The tire has three body plies wrapping around the beads with decreasing widths. The innermost ply has the widest turn-up, the middle ply has a narrower turn-up inside the wider one, and the outermost ply has a wider turn-up inside the narrower one. Stabilizer inserts are placed between the body plies and beads to prevent overlaps. This configuration provides stability and prevents ply overlap without needing excessively wide outer plies. The inserts also reduce weight compared to overlapping plies.

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Upgrading micronized rubber powder (MRP) for large-scale reuse in tires by chemically activating the powder to improve performance. The activation involves treating the powder with silane during grinding to prevent sticking and using silica as a dusting agent. This functionalizes the powder surface to enhance vulcanization and dispersion in rubber compounds. The activation step involves contacting the powder with silane, silica, peroxides, or other activators. This allows using lower amounts of MRP in tire formulations compared to unactivated powder, which improves properties like tear strength, abrasion resistance, and dynamic performance.

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Tow dolly cross rail assembly with positive camber that reduces tire wear and improves stability when towing vehicles. The cross rail has an arched configuration with an upward-sloping center bar. This creates positive camber on the dolly tires at the outer ends of the bars. It prevents the tires from leaning inward when loaded, keeping them vertical. The arched shape helps prevent sagging and dynamic loading issues compared to flat cross rails. The center bar slides and telescopes to adjust rail length for different vehicle sizes.

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Attaching components like sensors to the inside of tires to improve durability and reliability. The components have a textured surface with raised elevations. This surface pattern prevents adhesive displacement during attachment to the tire inner surface. The textured surface helps provide a more regular adhesive layer between the component and tire inner surface. The raised elevations also increase the total surface area covered with the adhesive. This improves adhesion compared to a flat surface where adhesive can displace and create gaps.

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Compound for aging stabilization, antioxidant, and dyeing of rubber compositions like tire treads. The compound has the structure II: The compound improves rubber aging stability while reducing hazardousness compared to traditional aging stabilizers like p-phenylenediamines. It can be synthesized by reacting a benzoic acid derivative with an amine in the presence of a base. The compound can be used in rubber compositions at low loadings to prevent oxidation and ozone degradation of the rubber during processing and service life.

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A system for optimizing tire inflation by calculating personalized target pressures based on factors beyond just the default value. The system involves vehicles calculating profile-based target pressures for tires using data like tire make, history, vehicle use, and environment. The target pressures are then wirelessly transmitted to devices like tire fillers or user devices to inflate the tires to the calculated optimal pressures. This customized tire pressure management goes beyond just default values to provide better tire performance and longevity.

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Rubber composition for high mileage truck tires with improved wear resistance and aging properties. The composition contains a specific combination of curing accelerators - sulfenamide, dithiocarbamate, and thiazole/thiuram polysulfide accelerators - along with natural rubber, polydiene rubber, carbon black, and a curative system. This accelerator blend provides optimal tire wear and aging without significant loss in other properties like processing.

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Detecting irregular wear of a tire using a sensor mounted on the tire that measures the length of the footprint left by the tire. The sensor sends the footprint length data to a processor which analyzes it over time to determine if the tire is wearing unevenly. If the footprint length remains constant or increases, it indicates irregular wear. This allows detecting irregular wear without needing internal tire sensors or accessing vehicle systems.

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Multi-layered films with thin gas barrier layers that prevent cracking and reduce gas transmission rate compared to thicker layers. The films have a core region with multiple thin gas barrier layers, each less than 0.75 microns thick. This prevents cracking while maintaining good barrier properties. The films can have less than 20 core layers, an overall thickness less than 200 microns, and a total core thickness less than 100 microns. The core layers are sandwiched between elastomeric layers. The thin barrier layers provide flexibility and durability for articles like airbags, fuel hose liners, and vehicle tires.

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A modified high-cis polybutadiene rubber for tire components that has improved properties like reduced Mooney viscosity growth upon aging. The rubber is made by a catalyzed polymerization of 1,3-butadiene followed by reaction with a functionalizing compound. The functionalizing compound bonds to the polymer ends and provides interactions with fillers. The catalyst system can be lanthanide-based, nickel-based, or cobalt-based.

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Tire tread design for heavy truck tires that reduces aggression damage and irregular wear on the shoulders without compromising wear rate and traction. The tread has sipes in the shoulder ribs of long-haul truck tires to improve wear rate and traction, without triggering abnormal wear like irregular wear and aggression damage. The sipes are partial-depth and transverse, rather than full-width and transverse. This allows the benefits of sipes without the issues of full-width sipes.

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Rubber composition for truck tires with improved rolling resistance and wet grip while maintaining wear resistance. The composition contains 70-95 phr of polyisoprene and 5-30 phr of a low Tg SBR functionalized for silica coupling. It also has 40-80 phr of predominantly silica filler. This combination provides a balance of wear, wet, and rolling resistance properties for reduced environmental impact and safety in truck tires.

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Embedding split ring resonators in vehicle components like tires, bodywork, and landing pads to monitor deformation, wear, and environmental conditions. The resonators, made of 3D carbon growth, can be tuned to resonate at specific frequencies based on material properties. By pinging the resonators with RF signals and analyzing the return signals, changes in frequency indicate deformation, wear, or environmental effects. This allows non-destructive sensing of tire ply degradation, tire wear, and landing pad conditions.

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Rubber composition with improved crack resistance after thermal degradation for applications like tires and seismic isolation. It uses a unique double network structure formed by crosslinking syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene (sPB) in the rubber matrix. The sPB crystals and dissolved sPB/rubber segments form a network that provides energy dissipation and flexibility for crack resistance. Crosslinking is done at temperatures above sPB melting point to partially dissolve sPB and fix it in the rubber.

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Determining tire degradation state using color change of an indicator attached to the tire. The method involves extracting color components from an image of the indicator, looking up the color change in a database associated with degradation factors, and using a degradation model to determine tire state based on the color change. This provides an objective and precise measurement of tire degradation that can be used to propose appropriate retreading options.

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A rubber composition for tires that reduces heat generation and prevents tearing when dismounting wheels. The composition contains carbon black with low specific surface area, a low sulfur vulcanization system, and a specific multifunctional crosslinking agent. The low surface area carbon black reduces heat compared to high surface area carbon black. The low sulfur vulcanization prevents aging tears. The multifunctional crosslinking agent provides stable bonds with good heat resistance and aging properties. This allows reducing heat generation by 40% compared to conventional compositions while preventing tire tearing during wheel removal.

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Engineering tire tread rubber composition for improved heat dissipation, durability, and cutting resistance in heavy-duty tires. The composition contains specific additives like low heat generating agents, heat dissipation fillers, and anti-cutting agents, along with conventional rubber components like styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, carbon black, silica, and sulfur. The additives optimize the tread performance in harsh environments where heat buildup is a concern. The low heat generating agents reduce internal heat generation. The heat dissipation fillers improve thermal conductivity. The anti-cutting agents prevent chipping. This composition allows thicker, deeper treads with better heat dissipation and resistance to cutting and chipping without sacrificing tire life.

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Tire tread design with sipes that maintain performance as the tire wears. The tread has sipes with three different depths, forming three levels in the tread blocks. The shallowest sipes are at the top level and the deepest sipes are at the bottom level. This allows the sipes to maintain their biting edges and void volume as the tread wears down, improving wet and snow traction over the life of the tire. The staggered depth levels also prevent damage or tearing when the mold is removed from the tread during manufacturing.

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Pneumatic tire with a steel-reinforced carcass that improves durability and running performance. The tire has a unique carcass design that eliminates the need for additional reinforcement members to maintain the carcass turn-up. The carcass extends from the bead up and around the apex that absorbs impacts. The key is that one end of the carcass is closer to the bead than the other end is to the apex. This maintains the turn-up height without additional components, reducing weight and rolling resistance while still preventing the carcass from loosening.

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