Steel Reinforcement for Tire Durability

A process and apparatus for manufacturing metallic reinforcing cords for tires that allows using metallic cords in tire components where textile cords are currently used, while maintaining adequate adhesion between cord and surrounding elastomeric material without coatings or treatments. The process involves twisting metallic wires with a textile yarn to form an elongated element, then removing the textile yarn to leave behind a metallic cord with helical wires. This allows penetration of elastomer and adhesion. An apparatus with a hot water jet remover extracts the textile yarn while the cord moves. The remaining metallic helical wires form the reinforcing cord.

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Steel cord for tire belt reinforcement that improves durability and fatigue properties by controlling the shape of the wires after twisting and rolling. The cord is made by twisting n wires and rolling to form wires with circular and non-circular cross-sections. The number of wires with circular cross-sections varies based on n being even or odd. Rolling parameters like wire strength and shape are adjusted to balance factors like stiffness, rubber penetration, and moisture resistance. This allows optimizing cord properties for tire reinforcement.

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Metallic reinforcing cord for tires that allows good adhesion to the surrounding elastomeric material without the need for coatings or treatments. The cord has a unique helical geometry where the metallic wires are spaced apart at certain cross sections to allow penetration of the elastomeric material. The cord consists of two or more twisted metallic wires with a predetermined twisting pitch. The spacing between the wires changes along the cord length to balance penetration and rigidity. This provides a metallic cord with a behavior similar to textile cords with low modulus at low loads, and high modulus at high loads.

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A method for making a non-pneumatic tire web structure that provides a strong and lightweight tire without the need for an inner tube. The method involves pre-forming corrugated steel rings by bending and heat treating elongated sheets to create a web structure with peaks and valleys. The peaks of one ring are affixed to the valleys of the other ring to connect them. This pre-forming step allows precise control over the shape and corrugation of the rings for optimal strength and weight. The pre-formed rings are then attached to inner and outer rings, and covered with tread rubber.

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Steel cord for tires with improved properties and easier production of flat cords. The cord has an irregular surface morphology with deformed steel wires arranged at specific positions in the axial direction. This breaks the uniform circular cross-section support and allows the cord to flatten during stress relieving. The deformed wires are twisted to form the cord with the irregular shape. This enables producing flat cords with higher rubber penetration compared to conventional flat cords.

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A tire with improved adhesion durability between the steel cord and rubber coating for better fuel efficiency and longer tire life. The tire uses steel cords for belt reinforcement that are not twisted and have a specific maximum gap between filaments. The steel cords are coated with rubber and have a ternary metal coating of copper, zinc, and iron. This coating composition and cord configuration provide better adhesion between the steel and rubber compared to conventional cords. The reduced gap between filaments prevents belt edge separation. The specific ternary metal coating improves adhesion. This allows thinner rubber coatings for fuel efficiency while maintaining adhesion.

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Steel cord for rubber reinforcement that reduces tip rise of individual steel filaments to prevent issues like rubber ply rise during tire manufacturing. The cord has steel filaments with twist pitches of 6-40 mm and tip rise less than 5 mm after unravelling. This straighter cord minimizes filament damage from straightening machines compared to conventional straightening.

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Pneumatic vehicle tire with belt plies having high tensile strength steel monofilaments to improve tire performance while reducing weight and rolling resistance. The belt plies have reinforcement members made of ultra-high tensile strength steel monofilaments with a diameter of 0.33 to 0.37 mm and a tensile strength of 3080 N/mm2 to 4190 N/mm2. This allows thinner belt plies compared to conventional steel cord belts, which reduces weight and rolling resistance. The ultra-high tensile steel also prevents internal stresses and web undulation issues that can occur with thinner steel cords.

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A metallic reinforcing cord for vehicle tires that provides high adhesion to the tire rubber without needing coatings or treatments. The cord consists of a single helix-shaped metallic wire. The wire is shaped like a helix to maximize adhesion by having a large inner diameter in some cross sections. This prevents shearing forces at the wire-rubber interfaces like in conventional cords with multiple wires. The large inner diameter helps the rubber surround the wire completely. This improves adhesion compared to woven cords where gaps between wires can cause fretting cracks. The single helix wire also allows the cord to be made of a single metallic material, like steel, instead of multiple materials like in woven cords. This simplifies manufacturing compared to coatings or treatments.

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Tire cord steel with high strength and low wire breakage rate for tire reinforcement. The steel composition has optimized levels of carbon, manganese, niobium, vanadium, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, boron, aluminum, titanium, and nitrogen. Rolling the steel involves a specific heating and cooling sequence to form a targeted microstructure. The steel has improved strength, toughness, and ductility compared to standard tire cord steel. The composition and rolling process reduce wire breakage compared to higher carbon steel while avoiding issues like segregation and brittleness.

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Pneumatic tire that improves durability and running performance of the pneumatic tire by maintaining the turn-up of a steel carcass without a separate member. The tire includes a bead for preventing the pneumatic tire from coming off the rim, an apex configured to absorb an impact applied to the bead, and a carcass extending to surround a portion of the apex and including a steel cord.

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Tire provided with a belt layer capable of improving steering stability performance, ride comfort performance, and the durability performance in a good balance and to provide the belt layer thereof. The tire includes a tread portion and a belt layer disposed in the tread portion, wherein the belt layer includes at least one belt ply, the belt ply includes a plurality of belt cords including a steel single wire having a flat cross-sectional shape, and in at least one of the belt cords, the steel single wire has the short diameter direction inclined at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to a thickness direction of the belt ply.

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Pneumatic tire design to prevent reinforcing materials from detaching while still reinforcing the sidewall. The tire has helical steel reinforcing members inside the sidewall protectors. This prevents the protectors from peeling off during contact with road debris. The helical shape allows the sidewall rubber to fully bond with the reinforcer, preventing detachment. An additional elastic reinforcer covered by the helical steel further reinforces the sidewall. This elastic reinforcer has properties matching the sidewall rubber stiffness to prevent peeling. The steel reinforcers are sized to balance strength with weight and rigidity.

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Reinforced product like rubber tires that can be reinforced with sheathed metallic threads for improved strength and durability without using formaldehyde-based adhesives. The sheathing material is a block copolymer with specific structure containing polyamide and polyolefin blocks. The copolymer is applied to the reinforcing threads before embedding them in the rubber composition. This direct adhesion of the reinforcing threads to the rubber eliminates the need for formaldehyde-based adhesives. The sheathed threads are embedded in a rubber composition without crosslinking agents like cobalt salts for adhesion. The reinforced product can be used in tires and other rubber articles. The sheathed threads have a composition with at least 70% of the specific block copolymer.

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Metal reinforcers for rubber composites, like tires, that have improved adhesion to the rubber matrix without using cobalt salts. The metal reinforcer has a partially metallic surface coated with a polybenzoxazine resin. The benzoxazine resin opens at high temperature to form a crosslinked thermosetting phenolic resin that adheres well to the rubber. This provides a durable metal-rubber bond without cobalt salts or brass coatings.

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A simplified tire crown reinforcement design for heavy duty tires like those used in construction equipment. The reinforcement uses level winding of metal strips instead of the typical layered approach with textile reinforcers. The level winding involves zigzagging the metal strip around the tire circumference to create bilayers. This reduces the number of layers needed compared to textile reinforcement. The metal strip level winding allows higher load capacity, better rough terrain performance, and simplified manufacturing compared to textile reinforcement.

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Tire intended for heavy loads that has a rib extending in the tire circumferential direction is formed at the tread. The tire has a carcass having steel cords arranged so as to emanate in radial fashion from a central location at the axis of the tire. Four belt plies having steel cords are laminated at the outside circumference of the carcass.

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Rubber sheet manufacturing process for reinforcement rubber sheets containing steel cords, like tire belts, that enables proper bending and stable placement of the steel cord on the rubber sheet. The process involves winding the steel cord around engagement parts with a specified tension, forming a bending shape in the wound cord, and then placing the bent cord on the rubber sheet while retaining it. This ensures the cord is properly bent with the desired width and shape while keeping tension, which is then transferred to the rubber sheet.

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Radial pneumatic tire for commercial vehicles with improved belt durability and lower weight compared to conventional tires. The tire has a belt assembly with at least three plies - two working plies and an outer protective ply. The protective ply reinforcing members are cords made of twisted steel filaments. The cord construction is optimized to balance strength and weight. Preferred cord constructions are 1x0.35 ST + 5x0.35 ST or 1x0.32 ST + 5x0.32 ST. These cords are arranged at a density of 20-90 ends per decimeter in the protective ply.

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Steel cord for rubber reinforcement in tires that has improved adhesion to the rubber compared to conventional brass-plated steel cords. The cord has a plating layer with a concentration gradient of a third element (like Co, Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, In, or Sn) that is higher near the surface and decreases towards the core. This gradient is achieved through sequential plating followed by two-stage diffusion heating. The gradient provides enhanced adhesion to rubber, especially damp-heat aging adhesion.

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