Tire Behavior Prediction Using Dynamic Simulation Techniques

Simulating tire cornering performance to improve tire design and development. The simulation method involves a multi-step process to efficiently and accurately model tire cornering characteristics. It starts with static loading analysis to calculate the inflation radius. Then dynamic cornering simulation is done to analyze the tire's lateral force, aligning moment, and steering angle. By breaking down the simulation into separate steps, it allows capturing the complex tire behavior while avoiding excessive computational complexity that would come with simulating all tire components at once.

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Simulating tire performance parameters using a whole vehicle simulation to enable faster and more accurate tire development. The method involves building a double-shaft automobile equivalent vibration model in Simulink that takes road surface and tire inputs and outputs body motion like vertical displacement, pitch, roll, and yaw. This allows simulating tire performance parameters by running the whole vehicle simulation and extracting tire-specific forces and motions. By matching tire and vehicle simulation results, tire and whole vehicle performance are better balanced.

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Tire simulation method that minimizes the time to calculate the physical quantities of a tire in a short time. The method includes setting a second condition, defining a vehicle model, analyzing the motion of the automobile based on the multi-body connection model, the external conditions occurring in the tire are obtained, the simulation using a tire finite element model is performed to acquire physical quantities of the tire, and manufacturing the tire based on the second condition that the physical quantity converges within a predetermined range.

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Simulating tire performance with higher accuracy by adaptively adjusting the friction coefficient during the simulation. The simulation involves defining an initial friction coefficient at the contact between the tire and road models. This initial friction is then iteratively adjusted based on calculated physical quantities like contact pressure, slip speed, and temperature. The updated friction is then used to calculate the tire's running behavior more accurately. This adaptive friction adjustment allows the simulation to better match real-world tire behavior by accounting for complex interactions between the tire and road.

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Quickly predicting the braking distance of a radial tire using finite element simulation instead of costly and time-consuming real vehicle testing. The method involves dividing the tire into grids, analyzing the tire's steady-state rolling behavior, and then simulating the braking process. This allows accurately predicting the tire's braking distance without the complexities and variability of real-world testing.

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Method for accurately predicting tire condition using virtual tire modeling and simulation. The method involves generating a virtual tire model by combining tire, vehicle, environmental, and usage data. This virtual tire can then be simulated to predict future tire condition based on driving scenarios. The virtual tire model can be updated with new tire data and compared to actual tire condition to adapt the virtual model over time.

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Simulating tire performance using a thermodynamic model that accurately predicts tire behavior at different temperatures. The model captures the temperature sensitivity of tire materials like rubber. It uses the Fourier law of diffusion to simulate temperature distribution within the tire. The model considers factors like heat sources/sinks, thermal properties, and geometry to calculate tire temperatures. It provides a more realistic tire performance simulation by accounting for temperature effects.

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A system for accurately simulating vehicle behavior during driving using a combination of physical testing and simulation. The system has a tire ground contact characteristic measurement device and a vehicle behavior simulation device. The tire device measures tire forces and deformations on a rotating drum. The vehicle device predicts vehicle motion based on inputs. Both devices run in parallel, with the vehicle device feeding predicted tire characteristics to the tire device. The tire device then reproduces the transient tire behavior during driving by adjusting attitude and speed. This allows highly accurate simulation of vehicle behavior by matching the tire dynamics.

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Real-time simulation method for physically accurate tire behavior that provides good accuracy within real-time constraints. The simulation iteratively estimates tire forces and torque based on input data. If convergence isn't reached within a shorter period, the iteration continues into the next period. This allows meeting real-time requirements while still achieving adequate force estimation accuracy.

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Simulation method for calculating tire cornering performance using a computer that reduces computational time compared to rolling calculations. The method involves applying loads and camber angles to a stationary tire model on a static road surface model, calculating contact pressures, and analyzing the variation to estimate load-dependent cornering performance. This allows faster computation of tire cornering behavior by approximating rolling conditions with static loads and angles.

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Simulating tire braking with ABS using a computer model that accurately reflects the dynamic behavior of tires when braking forces are applied by an ABS system. The simulation method involves calculating tire properties like slip ratio in a short initial time step, then changing the ABS braking force based on the tire properties in a longer step. This allows capturing the time delay between ABS force changes and tire response. The simulation uses a calculation model to dynamically calculate tire properties like slip ratio as the ABS braking force is applied, rather than just using a fixed target slip ratio. The model also accounts for factors like friction coefficient dependency on temperature.

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Simulating tire wear using virtual test courses to test tires without actual driving. The method involves generating a virtual test course based on real vehicle acceleration and speed data from a physical test. This virtual course is used to simulate tire loads during testing. The tire performance characteristics and vehicle attributes are also input to simulate tire wear. The virtual tire is then run on a tire wear test machine using the generated load history to test wear. This allows indoor testing and computer simulation of tire wear without actual driving.

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Tire simulation method that accurately evaluates tire performance by smoothing calculated physical quantities using different moving average filters in separate sections. The method involves dividing the temporal change of physical quantities into multiple sections for each tire element, and applying different smoothing processes in each section. This allows more accurate evaluation of tire performance metrics like wear compared to uniform smoothing. The section boundaries are individually determined for each tire element. The smoothing is done using moving average filters with varying time widths in each section.

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A practical and efficient method to predict cornering performance of a car tire during design without needing complex physical properties. The method uses a simplified formula that correlates cornering force to slip angle without involving abstract quantities. The formula involves adjusting a constant factor based on factors like tread width, bead apex hardness, and tread compound properties. This adjusted factor is used in place of a traditional cornering power calculation. It provides a more practical and useful way to estimate tire cornering capability during design compared to the conventional cornering power formula.

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Accurate simulation of tire forces between a tire and road surface by using a friction coefficient table that defines the changing friction coefficient based on contact pressure and slip speed. The simulation method involves calculating the friction coefficient from the contact pressure and slip speed obtained during deformation calculation, and then using that friction coefficient to calculate the force generated on the contact surface. This allows more accurate simulation of forces like braking and driving force compared to using a fixed friction coefficient.

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Creating a composite model of a tire and wheel for more accurate simulation of tire performance. The composite model is created in steps: (1) Create a tire model with inner liner, carcass ply, and road surface elements. (2) Create a wheel model with wheel elements. (3) Set boundary conditions for contact between tire and wheel models. (4) Set internal tire pressure. For low pressures, apply it to the inner liner elements. For high pressures, apply it to the carcass ply elements instead to avoid element deformation. This allows simulating tires with a close-to-realistic weight and thickness.

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Accurately reproducing the braking performance of a tire in a simulation using a finite element tire model, which is difficult to achieve in conventional simulations. The simulation method involves a lock setting step to constrain the tire deformation, followed by a braking rolling step where a torque is applied while rolling. This allows accurately reproducing the behavior of a tire transitioning from rolling to braking.

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Simulating the rolling resistance of a rotating body like a tire using a finite element method to calculate rolling resistance more efficiently than traditional methods. The simulation involves two steps: 1) static analysis to find displacement gradients at different points around the circumference, and 2) dynamic analysis using time-varying displacement gradients. This allows identifying where deformation changes impact rolling resistance. By converting static deformations to dynamic time-varying ones, it reduces computation time compared to simulating rolling directly. It also allows isolating and accumulating rolling resistance contributions from each element.

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Simulation system for vehicle behavior that accurately represents tire behavior during simulation while reducing labor and time compared to using actual tires. The system uses a combination of physical testing and simulation. A tire is mounted on a rotatable support and driven while pressing it against a pseudo road surface. Actuators control the tire's contact pressure. Sensors measure forces. This physical testing is linked to the simulation by feeding the sensor data into the computer. This allows capturing the tire's temperature-dependent behavior during simulation.

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Simulation system for ABS braking that provides more accurate simulation results compared to using generic tire models. The system uses a vehicle model and a tire model connected to a hydraulic system. The vehicle model provides tire slip, vertical load, and speed to the tire model. The tire model calculates the tire friction coefficient μ during ABS braking using actual road surface measurements based on slip ratio, vertical load, and speed. This allows more accurate ABS braking simulation closer to real-world vehicle testing. The calculated μ is derived from measured values rather than converted coefficients.

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