Eco-Friendly Tire Material Development and Recycling Solutions

Rubberized strength member for elastomeric products like tires that has high strength and extensibility while being produced sustainably using recycled polyester (rPET) yarn. The rPET yarn is made from recycled PET bottles with specific properties to overcome the performance tradeoffs. The rPET yarn is processed through solid-state polymerization to improve crystallization and properties. The yarn is also spun at controlled temperatures to prevent premature crystallization. The twisted rubberized yarn meets tire strength requirements and avoids issues like filament breaks and low elongation.

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A sustainable tire design that uses recycled and bio-based rubber components to reduce environmental impact. The tire has multiple components like the tread, reinforced plies, sidewall, beads, chafer, apex, and innerliner. The tread rubber has high recycled/bio-based rubber content, like natural rubber, recycled/bio-based SBR, and recycled/bio-based silica filler. The plies have coatings with recycled/bio-based rubber and filler. The tire also uses recycled steel beads and cords, recycled/bio-based plasticizers, and recycled/bio-based anti-degradants.

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Rubber tire compound containing a majority of renewable materials to improve sustainability. The compound replaces fossil-based materials with bio-derived alternatives. It uses renewable resins instead of petroleum-based resins, bio-based carbon black instead of fossil carbon black, and renewable processing aids instead of petroleum-based ones. The compound aims to provide a tire rubber composition with high renewable content that has comparable tire performance to conventional fossil-based compounds.

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Rubber compounds with improved properties for tire treads by combining functionalized diene polymers with silica fillers derived from biomass ash like rice husk ash. The diene polymers are functionalized with polar groups like -OX, -OR, -COOX, -COOR, -N(R1)(R2)X or -Si(R3)(R4) where X is a cation and R are alkyl groups. This functionalization allows better compatibility and adhesion between the polymer and silica filler. The biomass ash silica has specific cation distribution from the ash digestion process. Using this functionalized diene polymer and silica filler combination improves properties like rebound resilience, tensile strength, and damping performance compared to standard diene polymers with conventional silicas.

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A diene rubber composition for tire applications with improved low rolling resistance, wear resistance, and wet grip compared to conventional diene rubbers. The composition involves modifying two different diene rubbers with specific silicon compounds, then hydrolyzing and drying them. One diene rubber is modified with a silicon compound represented by formula (1) and/or (2). The other diene rubber is modified with the same silicon compounds. This modified rubber composition, when blended with silica and carbon black, provides better low rolling resistance, wear resistance, and wet grip compared to conventional diene rubbers. The composition also has good workability and processability. The silicon compound modifications create specific branching structures on the rubber chains that enhance silica interaction and performance.

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Natural materials with properties similar to synthetic leather and foam. The materials are made using plant-based oils like soybean oil, natural rubber, and natural acids to create curatives and coatings. The curatives are formed by reacting epoxidized vegetable oils with carboxylic acids in alcohol solvent. These curatives are then used to coat fabrics or modify natural rubbers to improve flexibility, strength, and cold crack resistance. The resulting materials have properties similar to leather and foam but are biodegradable and made from natural sources.

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Recycling tire rubber in concrete is a means of eliminating environmental pollution and reducing costs. This study aimed to use waste as replacement for fine coarse aggregates at different ratios (10%, 15%, 20% aggregate; 10%, 20%, 30% mixed aggregates). The results showed that replacing 10% 15% reduced the compressive tensile strengths an acceptable degree, while it significantly strength. For aggregate, compared reference mixture, higher ratio, greater reduction Using retarder Increasing percentage aggregate resulted decrease density weight concrete. Overall, indicate adding affects mechanical properties concrete, resulting strength, but may also improve other such thermal acoustic insulation.

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ABSTRACT Significant advancements in developing highperformance, sustainable tyre tread compounds have been achieved through the strategic integration of modified silica into carbon black (CB)/thermally exfoliated graphite hybrid filler systems. While benefits fillers such as CB, graphite, and are recognized, limited understanding their interaction mechanisms with polymer chains has hindered widespread adoption. This study investigates mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical properties an ecofriendly, green compound, focusing on both binary (CB/silica) ternary (CB, graphite/modified silica) The key aspect this research is utilization prepared by latex imprinting technique along epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) a compatibilizer to enhance between NR matrix. partial replacement CB thermally novel lateximprinted enhanced surface area provides excellent properties, low rolling resistance, improved wet grip, reduced heat buildup. porosity silica, coupled system, play crucial role reducing hysteresis, resulting resistance (0.0376), grip (0.0796), very buildup (13C). attribu... Read More

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The pressing issue of global warming has prompted industries to seek sustainable and renewable materials that can reduce the use petroleum-based products. Natural fibers, as bio-based environmentally friendly materials, offer a promising solution. In this study, ramie fiber, which is one strongest natural used reinforcement, mechanical properties rubber composites are evaluated. were fabricated using vulcanizing technique at 150 C, fibers cut into different lengths (5 mm, 10 m, 15 mm) weights (15 g, 30 60 g). Mechanical performance tests, including tensile tear strength hardness, conducted. results showed fiber concentration increased, so did curing time. Moreover, with higher had strength. composite mm length g weight highest (10.35 MPa). Maximum (52.51 kN/m) was achieved 5 weight. Hardness values reached up 88 Shore A (10 weight), indicating excellent wear resistance. specimen subjected scanning electron microscope analysis. SEM analysis revealed ductile type fracture appreciable plastic deformation, confirming good fibermatrix interaction. These findings underscore potential ... Read More

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Recovered carbon black (rCB) made by solvolysis of waste tires at low temperature and pressure to minimize agglomeration and carbon deposits. The process involves contacting tire feedstock with a solvent like aromatic hydrocarbon cuts at weight ratios over 3. This solvolysis dissolves tire components better than pyrolysis to make rCB with low carbon residue content (<1%) compared to pyrolyzed carbon blacks. The rCB has properties similar to virgin carbon blacks but with reduced agglomeration and improved dispersibility.

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Rubber composition for inner liners of pneumatic vehicle tires that provides airtightness, crack resistance, and improved tear propagation resistance while using fillers made from regrowing raw materials. The composition contains specific amounts of fillers like hydrothermal lignins derived from biomass. It also has a vulcanization system with zinc oxide and/or sulfur. The filler amounts and vulcanization system allow vulcanizing the composition into a tire inner liner with reduced gas permeability, improved crack growth resistance, and lower weight compared to traditional fillers.

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ABSTRACT Here, we investigate the transformative potential of incorporating Green Graphene (GG) derived from remnant agricultural biomass (RAB) into styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) formulations for development sustainable additives tires. GG serves as a reinforcement material, exhibiting capability to improve mechanical, wear, and thermal degradation properties SBR. The incorporation SBR matrix results in astonishing improvements: resilience by 440.44%, toughness 326.91%, tensile strength 253.15%, yield 313.33%, Young's modulus 205.90%, elongation 138.84%, hardness 148%. Furthermore, it leads decrease nanoscratch depth, 52.68% reduction coefficient friction during sliding 22.38% improvement hydrophobicity, 27% enhancement stability GG/SBR composites. These compelling performance enhancements composites aim provide comprehensive understanding synergistic effects rubbershedding light on their combined potential. outcomes this investigation contribute valuable insights environmentally conscious green materials, writing path evolution industry toward greener resilient future.

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Crosslinkable compositions for making elastomer compounds with recycled elastomer powder from sources like used tires. The compositions contain the powder, a poly-C5-C15 alkenamer, and a liquid polybutadiene. The alkenamer improves cohesion and the butadiene provides rebound. This allows making high rebound elastomers with significant recycled content, like tennis balls, from powders instead of raw rubber.

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Adhesive composition for tire cord that is environmentally friendly and less harmful to workers. The adhesive contains a naturally occurring acid, a nitrogen compound, a basic material, and a latex. It provides adhesive force equal to or higher than RF condensates used in tires. The composition can be applied to tire cord to improve fatigue resistance when using hybrid cords. It also forms a coating layer on cord to enhance adhesion between the cord and other tire components.

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Rubber composition for tires that reduces carbon emissions, lowers production cost, and provides an oxidation inhibiting effect by using a lignin-based antioxidant derived from natural materials instead of petroleum-based antioxidants. The lignin-based antioxidant is a compound with structural similarity to petroleum-based antioxidants like 6PPD. The lignin-based antioxidant is added along with a crosslinking agent to the rubber composition at levels of 1-20 parts per 100 parts of rubber. This allows replacing some or all of the petroleum-based antioxidants in tire rubber compounds. The lignin-based antioxidant provides oxidation protection without the environmental impacts and high cost of petroleum-based antioxidants.

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Elastomeric composites with improved properties by replacing traditional carbon black filler with a purified carbonaceous product (PCP) derived from coal waste. The PCP has ultra-fine particles less than 25 microns in size and low ash and water content. The PCP provides better dispersion and reinforcement in elastomers compared to conventional carbon black. It enables improved tensile strength, toughness, and elastomer performance compared to carbon black. The PCP can be used as a standalone filler or blended with carbon black. The composites have lower ash content and better sustainability compared to recycled carbon black.

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Method to produce compacted elastomer materials from powdered recycled rubber that can be substituted for virgin rubber in applications. The method involves consolidating elastomer powders using a binder and pressing them into dense compacts. The compacts have improved material cohesion, density, and strength compared to unconsolidated powders. This allows forming shaped bodies like balls from the compacts instead of powders. The compacts can then be crosslinked to form elastomer compounds. The compacts can be made from recycled rubber powders containing fillers and curing agents. By consolidating the powders, the compacts have better handling, metering, and tooling compatibility compared to powders.

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Plasticizer system for rubber compositions, like tire treads, that are partially or fully derived from sustainable, renewable non-petroleum sources. The plasticizer system balances performance when using oils not derived from petroleum. It contains a triglyceride vegetable oil as an extender oil in the solution SBR, along with an aromatic hydrocarbon resin or a non-petroleum derived hydrocarbon resin like polyterpene. This combination improves wet braking performance compared to using just the vegetable oil as a plasticizer.

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Abstract The use of natural and bio-based materials instead petrochemicals is strongly recommended for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we aim to promote the environmentally friendly polyester (P), prepared from biomass, with Tung oil (TO) plasticizer zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) filler by 1050%, 3% get a sustainable nanocomposite. grafting altered profile neat P. Owing insufficient contents, low concentrations have slight impact, high more enhancements. physical properties accompanied curing P/TO copolymer showed decrease in viscosity, gelation time, gelation-curing period TO-based specimens, besides lower heat emission during reaction, compared that P, 3.4% 4%, respectively, P/TO-40 P/TO-50 copolymers. stability against exudation was promoted 48.6%, where all composites are stable than improved creep resistance 62% 88.1%, due surfaces. Furthermore, concentration reduced hardness 25%, but it ZnO NPs 46.7%. Both TO nanofiller make polymer capable absorbing flexural loading as toughened composite. proposed provide positive effects on thermal behavior. Particularly, for... Read More

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Recycling end-of-life tires into new tires with high efficiency by converting the waste tires into valuable feedstocks for tire production. The tires are hydrothermally cracked to separate oil, water, and solids. The oil is fractionated to extract wax and process oil. The wax is refined and the process oil is steam cracked to make tire components like elastomers, resins, and additives. The solids contain fillers like carbon black and silica. The recovered fillers, wax, and process oil are then used to make new tires, with at least 50% of the tire weight coming from recycled tire materials.

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