Eco-Friendly Tire Material Development and Recycling Solutions

Recycling tire rubber in concrete is a means of eliminating environmental pollution and reducing costs. This study aimed to use waste as replacement for fine coarse aggregates at different ratios (10%, 15%, 20% aggregate; 10%, 20%, 30% mixed aggregates). The results showed that replacing 10% 15% reduced the compressive tensile strengths an acceptable degree, while it significantly strength. For aggregate, compared reference mixture, higher ratio, greater reduction Using retarder Increasing percentage aggregate resulted decrease density weight concrete. Overall, indicate adding affects mechanical properties concrete, resulting strength, but may also improve other such thermal acoustic insulation.

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ABSTRACT Significant advancements in developing highperformance, sustainable tyre tread compounds have been achieved through the strategic integration of modified silica into carbon black (CB)/thermally exfoliated graphite hybrid filler systems. While benefits fillers such as CB, graphite, and are recognized, limited understanding their interaction mechanisms with polymer chains has hindered widespread adoption. This study investigates mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical properties an ecofriendly, green compound, focusing on both binary (CB/silica) ternary (CB, graphite/modified silica) The key aspect this research is utilization prepared by latex imprinting technique along epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) a compatibilizer to enhance between NR matrix. partial replacement CB thermally novel lateximprinted enhanced surface area provides excellent properties, low rolling resistance, improved wet grip, reduced heat buildup. porosity silica, coupled system, play crucial role reducing hysteresis, resulting resistance (0.0376), grip (0.0796), very buildup (13C). attribu... Read More

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The pressing issue of global warming has prompted industries to seek sustainable and renewable materials that can reduce the use petroleum-based products. Natural fibers, as bio-based environmentally friendly materials, offer a promising solution. In this study, ramie fiber, which is one strongest natural used reinforcement, mechanical properties rubber composites are evaluated. were fabricated using vulcanizing technique at 150 C, fibers cut into different lengths (5 mm, 10 m, 15 mm) weights (15 g, 30 60 g). Mechanical performance tests, including tensile tear strength hardness, conducted. results showed fiber concentration increased, so did curing time. Moreover, with higher had strength. composite mm length g weight highest (10.35 MPa). Maximum (52.51 kN/m) was achieved 5 weight. Hardness values reached up 88 Shore A (10 weight), indicating excellent wear resistance. specimen subjected scanning electron microscope analysis. SEM analysis revealed ductile type fracture appreciable plastic deformation, confirming good fibermatrix interaction. These findings underscore potential ... Read More

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Recovered carbon black (rCB) made by solvolysis of waste tires at low temperature and pressure to minimize agglomeration and carbon deposits. The process involves contacting tire feedstock with a solvent like aromatic hydrocarbon cuts at weight ratios over 3. This solvolysis dissolves tire components better than pyrolysis to make rCB with low carbon residue content (<1%) compared to pyrolyzed carbon blacks. The rCB has properties similar to virgin carbon blacks but with reduced agglomeration and improved dispersibility.

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Rubber composition for inner liners of pneumatic vehicle tires that provides airtightness, crack resistance, and improved tear propagation resistance while using fillers made from regrowing raw materials. The composition contains specific amounts of fillers like hydrothermal lignins derived from biomass. It also has a vulcanization system with zinc oxide and/or sulfur. The filler amounts and vulcanization system allow vulcanizing the composition into a tire inner liner with reduced gas permeability, improved crack growth resistance, and lower weight compared to traditional fillers.

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ABSTRACT Here, we investigate the transformative potential of incorporating Green Graphene (GG) derived from remnant agricultural biomass (RAB) into styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) formulations for development sustainable additives tires. GG serves as a reinforcement material, exhibiting capability to improve mechanical, wear, and thermal degradation properties SBR. The incorporation SBR matrix results in astonishing improvements: resilience by 440.44%, toughness 326.91%, tensile strength 253.15%, yield 313.33%, Young's modulus 205.90%, elongation 138.84%, hardness 148%. Furthermore, it leads decrease nanoscratch depth, 52.68% reduction coefficient friction during sliding 22.38% improvement hydrophobicity, 27% enhancement stability GG/SBR composites. These compelling performance enhancements composites aim provide comprehensive understanding synergistic effects rubbershedding light on their combined potential. outcomes this investigation contribute valuable insights environmentally conscious green materials, writing path evolution industry toward greener resilient future.

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Crosslinkable compositions for making elastomer compounds with recycled elastomer powder from sources like used tires. The compositions contain the powder, a poly-C5-C15 alkenamer, and a liquid polybutadiene. The alkenamer improves cohesion and the butadiene provides rebound. This allows making high rebound elastomers with significant recycled content, like tennis balls, from powders instead of raw rubber.

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Adhesive composition for tire cord that is environmentally friendly and less harmful to workers. The adhesive contains a naturally occurring acid, a nitrogen compound, a basic material, and a latex. It provides adhesive force equal to or higher than RF condensates used in tires. The composition can be applied to tire cord to improve fatigue resistance when using hybrid cords. It also forms a coating layer on cord to enhance adhesion between the cord and other tire components.

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Rubber composition for tires that reduces carbon emissions, lowers production cost, and provides an oxidation inhibiting effect by using a lignin-based antioxidant derived from natural materials instead of petroleum-based antioxidants. The lignin-based antioxidant is a compound with structural similarity to petroleum-based antioxidants like 6PPD. The lignin-based antioxidant is added along with a crosslinking agent to the rubber composition at levels of 1-20 parts per 100 parts of rubber. This allows replacing some or all of the petroleum-based antioxidants in tire rubber compounds. The lignin-based antioxidant provides oxidation protection without the environmental impacts and high cost of petroleum-based antioxidants.

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Elastomeric composites with improved properties by replacing traditional carbon black filler with a purified carbonaceous product (PCP) derived from coal waste. The PCP has ultra-fine particles less than 25 microns in size and low ash and water content. The PCP provides better dispersion and reinforcement in elastomers compared to conventional carbon black. It enables improved tensile strength, toughness, and elastomer performance compared to carbon black. The PCP can be used as a standalone filler or blended with carbon black. The composites have lower ash content and better sustainability compared to recycled carbon black.

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Method to produce compacted elastomer materials from powdered recycled rubber that can be substituted for virgin rubber in applications. The method involves consolidating elastomer powders using a binder and pressing them into dense compacts. The compacts have improved material cohesion, density, and strength compared to unconsolidated powders. This allows forming shaped bodies like balls from the compacts instead of powders. The compacts can then be crosslinked to form elastomer compounds. The compacts can be made from recycled rubber powders containing fillers and curing agents. By consolidating the powders, the compacts have better handling, metering, and tooling compatibility compared to powders.

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Plasticizer system for rubber compositions, like tire treads, that are partially or fully derived from sustainable, renewable non-petroleum sources. The plasticizer system balances performance when using oils not derived from petroleum. It contains a triglyceride vegetable oil as an extender oil in the solution SBR, along with an aromatic hydrocarbon resin or a non-petroleum derived hydrocarbon resin like polyterpene. This combination improves wet braking performance compared to using just the vegetable oil as a plasticizer.

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Abstract The use of natural and bio-based materials instead petrochemicals is strongly recommended for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we aim to promote the environmentally friendly polyester (P), prepared from biomass, with Tung oil (TO) plasticizer zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) filler by 1050%, 3% get a sustainable nanocomposite. grafting altered profile neat P. Owing insufficient contents, low concentrations have slight impact, high more enhancements. physical properties accompanied curing P/TO copolymer showed decrease in viscosity, gelation time, gelation-curing period TO-based specimens, besides lower heat emission during reaction, compared that P, 3.4% 4%, respectively, P/TO-40 P/TO-50 copolymers. stability against exudation was promoted 48.6%, where all composites are stable than improved creep resistance 62% 88.1%, due surfaces. Furthermore, concentration reduced hardness 25%, but it ZnO NPs 46.7%. Both TO nanofiller make polymer capable absorbing flexural loading as toughened composite. proposed provide positive effects on thermal behavior. Particularly, for... Read More

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Recycling end-of-life tires into new tires with high efficiency by converting the waste tires into valuable feedstocks for tire production. The tires are hydrothermally cracked to separate oil, water, and solids. The oil is fractionated to extract wax and process oil. The wax is refined and the process oil is steam cracked to make tire components like elastomers, resins, and additives. The solids contain fillers like carbon black and silica. The recovered fillers, wax, and process oil are then used to make new tires, with at least 50% of the tire weight coming from recycled tire materials.

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Rubber compounds based on styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrilebutadiene (NBR) were filled with constant amount of carbon black 25 phr calcium lignosulphonate 30 phr. Glycerol as cheap environmentally friendly softener was added into the in concentration scale from 0 to 20 plasticise matrix biopolymer improve adhesion between components compounds. The results revealed that addition glycerol resulted decrease viscosity. Based dynamical-mechanical analysis it can be concluded softened lowered its glass transition temperature. better distributed dispersed within matrices, which clearly demonstrated by performing scanning electron microscopy. contributed compatibility biopolymer, subsequently reflected improvement tensile behaviour composites. Both elongation at break strength showed increasing trend glycerol. Due polarity among matrix, plasticiser, higher strength, enhancement dependence content exhibited composites NBR. When compared reference, increased more than 5 MPa for plasticised high SBR-based less evident, though still pointing a positive effect filler-rubbe... Read More

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Waste tire textile fiber (WTTF), a secondary product from the processing of end-of-life tires, is predominantly disposed through incineration or landfillingboth which present significant environmental hazards. The process emits large quantities greenhouse gases (GHGs) as well harmful substances such dioxins and heavy metals, exacerbating air pollution contributing to climate change. Conversely, landfilling WTTF results in long-term degradation, synthetic fibers are non-biodegradable can leach pollutants into surrounding soil water systems. These detrimental impacts emphasize pressing need for environmentally sustainable disposal reuse strategies. We found that 80% was used production thermal insulation mats. other part, i.e., 20% raw material, twining, stabilization, improvement properties mats, consisted recycled polyester (RPES), bicomponent (BiPES), hollow (HPES). research shows produces stable filament insulating mat formation. studies on mats show conductivity varies 0.0412 W/(mK) 0.0338 W/(mK). tensile strength measured parallel direction formation ranges 5.60 kPa 13.8... Read More

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This review explores the evolving landscape of sustainable textile manufacturing, with a focus on rubber-based materials for various industrial applications. The and rubber industries are shifting towards eco-friendly practices, driven by environmental concerns need to reduce carbon footprints. integration textiles in products, such as tires, conveyor belts, defense is becoming increasingly prominent. discusses adoption natural fibers like flax, jute, hemp, which offer biodegradability improved mechanical properties. Additionally, it highlights elastomer sources, including from Hevea brasiliensis alternative plants Guayule Russian dandelion, well bio-based synthetic rubbers derived terpenes biomass. also covers additives, silica fillers, nanoclay, plasticizers, enhance performance while reducing impact. Textilerubber composites cost-effective traditional fiber-reinforced polymers when high flexibility impact resistance needed. Rubber matrices fatigue life under cyclic loading, jute can manufacturing process involves preparation, composite assembly, consolidation/curing, post-proce... Read More

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Repairable thermoplastic polymers that can be depolymerized back to monomers for recycling. The polymers have a segmented structure with rigid and flexible segments. The rigid segments are made from a difunctional triketone monomer and the flexible segments are made from diamines. The segments can be tuned for properties like strain at break. The polymers can be depolymerized by exposure to acid, solvent, or heat.

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A one-step method for making high-quality carbon nanoparticles using a plasma-assisted process with natural gas as the feedstock. The method involves heating natural gas in an oxygen-free atmosphere and adding it to a plasma to generate carbon nanoparticles that are less than 1 micron in size and have an average particle diameter (Lc) greater than 3 nanometers. The plasma-assisted synthesis provides high-quality carbon nanoparticles for reinforcing rubber compounds that outperform traditional carbon blacks.

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Recycled carbon black with improved properties for rubber products by modifying the surface of recycled carbon black obtained from pyrolyzing waste tires. The modification involves continuously introducing the recycled carbon black into a main burner flame and passing it through the flame. This removes rubber residuals adhering to the carbon black surface. The burner flame conditions are optimized to maintain low oxygen levels during combustion. The modified carbon black has lower rubber impurities and higher bonding with rubber components compared to unmodified recycled carbon black.

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