Techniques to Reduce Tire Rolling Resistance

Rubber composition for all-weather tire treads that provides good balance of wet grip, snow traction, and rolling resistance. The composition contains specific elastomer components, fillers, resins, oils, and cure package. The elastomer blend has a polybutadiene base with a high cis content, low Tg, and small amount of styrene-butadiene rubber. The filler is silica with moderate surface area. The resin has a mid Tg. The oil amount is moderate. The cure package has specific accelerators, activators, and inhibitors. This composition provides wet grip, snow traction, and rolling resistance balance for all-weather tires.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that balances wet grip, rolling resistance, and wear. The composition contains specific amounts of styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutadiene, natural rubber, silica filler, hydrocarbon resin, oil, and a cure package. The styrene-butadiene rubber has a low glass transition temperature (-10 to -20°C) to improve grip. The polybutadiene has high cis content (-101°C Tg) for wet grip. The silica filler has high surface area (100 to 400 m2/g) for low rolling resistance. The hydrocarbon resin (Tg 70 to 110°C) and oil provide processability. The composition can omit carbon black filler for improved wet grip.

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Elastomeric composition for tires with improved crosslinking properties and reduced hysteresis. The composition contains a polytetrazole crosslinking agent with a lower activation temperature compared to conventional sulfur-based vulcanizing agents. This allows controlled early crosslinking during mixing and processing without excessive crosslinking. The composition also includes diene elastomer, fillers, oil, wax, antioxidant, accelerator, and retarder. It aims to provide tires with improved low rolling resistance, reduced energy loss, and better processing properties.

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Coated silicone hydrogel contact lenses with improved comfort and reduced uptake of antimicrobial agents. The coated lenses have a unique layered structure with hydrogel coatings on the front and back surfaces. The coatings are made by immersing the contact lens precursor in a buffered solution, heating it to crosslink, and then removing the lens. This process forms a hydrogel coating on the lens surfaces. The coated lenses have superior surface softness, good hydrophilicity, and lower polyquaternium-1 uptake compared to uncoated lenses.

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Pneumatic tire with improved low rolling resistance, durability, and steering stability compared to conventional tires. The tire has a tread with an inner undertread layer and outer cap tread layer. The undertread rubber composition contains specific carbon black, silica, and silane coupling agent ratios. The undertread layer thickness relative to the cap tread layer is optimized. This configuration reduces rolling resistance while maintaining durability and steering stability.

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A tire design that improves durability and fuel efficiency by optimizing the belt structure. The tire has a tread with circumferential main grooves and land portions. The belt layer includes an inner cross belt with belts at 45 degrees, an outer cross belt with belts at 45 degrees opposite sign, and a circumferential reinforcing layer between them with belts at 5 degrees. The reinforcing layer width is less than the outer cross belt width which is less than the inner cross belt width. This configuration provides durability by protecting the outer cross belt from groove bottom damage, while reducing rolling resistance by eliminating a small angle belt.

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Rubber compositions for tires that provide good rolling resistance, tensile strength, and stiffness. The compositions contain a partially saturated elastomer with >15% double bonds and pre-silanized silica. The double bond content in the elastomer balances rolling resistance and tensile strength. The pre-silanized silica improves tensile strength without reducing stiffness. This allows better rolling resistance without compromising properties like stiffness.

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Tire with optimized snow performance and low rolling resistance by using specific narrow groove patterns in the shoulder and center regions. The shoulder has alternating linear/arc shaped narrow grooves, while the center has an angled narrow groove connected to the main groove and a separate narrow groove that extends circumferentially. This configuration improves snow traction without sacrificing rolling resistance by providing biting edges in the shoulder and center that enhance grip on snow while minimizing voids for reduced rolling resistance.

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A diene rubber composition for tire applications with improved low rolling resistance, wear resistance, and wet grip compared to conventional diene rubbers. The composition involves modifying two different diene rubbers with specific silicon compounds, then hydrolyzing and drying them. One diene rubber is modified with a silicon compound represented by formula (1) and/or (2). The other diene rubber is modified with the same silicon compounds. This modified rubber composition, when blended with silica and carbon black, provides better low rolling resistance, wear resistance, and wet grip compared to conventional diene rubbers. The composition also has good workability and processability. The silicon compound modifications create specific branching structures on the rubber chains that enhance silica interaction and performance.

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Tire design with improved rolling resistance and durability by using an apex configuration between the bead and carcass ply. The tire has an apex with three layers: an outer tapered apex body, an intermediate harder strip apex, and an inner softer apex body. This gradual stiffness transition between the apex and carcass ply reduces concentration of stress at the outer end of the apex body compared to a single apex layer.

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Rubber composition and product with improved balance between low and high strain hysteresis losses. The composition contains a rubber component like natural rubber, butadiene rubber, or styrene-butadiene rubber, along with a specific compound containing thiol and amino groups. This compound helps balance hysteresis losses at low and high strains when the rubber is vulcanized. The vulcanized rubber has reduced loss at low strains for better low-speed properties, as well as increased loss at high strains for better fatigue resistance.

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ABSTRACT Significant advancements in developing highperformance, sustainable tyre tread compounds have been achieved through the strategic integration of modified silica into carbon black (CB)/thermally exfoliated graphite hybrid filler systems. While benefits fillers such as CB, graphite, and are recognized, limited understanding their interaction mechanisms with polymer chains has hindered widespread adoption. This study investigates mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical properties an ecofriendly, green compound, focusing on both binary (CB/silica) ternary (CB, graphite/modified silica) The key aspect this research is utilization prepared by latex imprinting technique along epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) a compatibilizer to enhance between NR matrix. partial replacement CB thermally novel lateximprinted enhanced surface area provides excellent properties, low rolling resistance, improved wet grip, reduced heat buildup. porosity silica, coupled system, play crucial role reducing hysteresis, resulting resistance (0.0376), grip (0.0796), very buildup (13C). attribu... Read More

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Rubber composition for tire treads that improves rolling resistance without sacrificing wet traction. The composition contains a balanced blend of natural rubber and polybutadiene, a filler ratio of at least 1:1 carbon black to silica, a coupling agent, a traction resin, a cure accelerator, and a curing system. This formulation allows reducing rolling resistance while maintaining good wet traction compared to traditional tire treads.

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Tyre pressure plays a vital role in dynamic control over the vehicle and enhancing overall fuel efficiency by lowering rolling resistance and, as result, tractive effort. Excessive speeding causes traction loss, which is primary cause of accidents. Wet roads make driving more perilous, hence majority accidents occur during rainy season. As worlds crude oil sources deplete electric car industry expands, it critical to extend range currently existing automobiles improving its efficiency. In order find solution above problems, authors investigated impact tyre on coefficient friction designed developed regulating system that uses an infrared rpm sensor track rate at tires rotational speed decreases function time, then information calculate ideal based current environmental conditions data from various accelerometers. This unique automatically changes provide best combination driver safety sensors detecting slip lateral acceleration, regardless road surface conditions.

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A method to reduce rolling resistance and tire temperature in electric vehicles by controlling lateral forces during straight line driving. The method involves designing asymmetric tire internal structures and external profiles that generate opposite lateral forces when the tire rolls straight. One force comes from the tire's internal structure (called Ply-Steer) and the other from the vehicle's camber angle (called Camber Force). By making the forces opposing, it reduces the net lateral force and rolling resistance compared to a symmetric tire. The method can be used to optimize tire designs for electric cars that tend to have higher lateral forces due to regenerative braking.

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A tyre heating system for vehicles like trucks that can increase range by capturing excess electrical power generated during braking and using it to heat the tires instead of wasting it. The system has an electric power source like an electric motor or fuel cell that generates excess power during braking. When this exceeds the battery charging capability, it feeds the excess to the tire heating system. This avoids wasting the power and uses it to heat the tires, reducing rolling resistance and improving range.

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Rubber composition for heavy-load tires with improved wear resistance and low rolling resistance. The composition contains a solution-polymerized aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer with specific vinyl bond content and functional group, and carbon black. The copolymer has 0.5-25% aromatic vinyl units and 0-50% vinyl bond content in the conjugated diene units. This copolymer interacts better with carbon black, providing lower heat buildup, better wear resistance, and tear resistance.

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Rubber composition for tires with improved wear resistance, wet performance, rolling resistance, and temperature dependency of rolling resistance. The composition contains a diene rubber with at least 55% of a specific styrene-butadiene rubber having a Tg of -50°C or lower. This rubber enhances silica dispersion, wear, and low rolling resistance. Additionally, the composition has a white filler of 30-100 parts, thermoplastic resin, and a silane coupling agent blended with the filler at 3-20 mass%. This balance improves dispersibility, reduces rolling resistance temperature dependency, and prevents gelling.

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Rubber compositions with improved wet traction and low rolling resistance for tire treads. The compositions contain a polysulfide crosslinking agent with polar groups that chemically attach to the rubber chains during mixing. This increases the hydrophilicity of the rubber and enhances wet traction without negatively impacting rolling resistance. The crosslinking agent has a polar group like carboxylate or ether that can be grafted onto the rubber during compounding.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that provides improved wet performance, rolling resistance, and snow traction compared to traditional tire tread compounds. The composition contains a specific blend of elastomers, fillers, resins, and curing agents. The elastomer blend includes a low styrene content SBR with a low glass transition temperature, along with polybutadiene. The SBR has functional groups for improved adhesion to silica filler. The composition also contains a blocked mercapto organosilane coupling agent for better silica bonding. This combination provides a balance of wet traction, rolling resistance, and snow traction for all-season and winter tires.

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A polymer composition for tires that balances fuel efficiency and rigidity. The composition contains a modified conjugated diene-based polymer with nitrogen-containing functional groups, and a functional-group-containing polymer. The modified polymer improves fuel efficiency, while the functional-group-containing polymer maintains rigidity. The ratio of modified polymer to functional polymer is 99:1 to 70:30 by mass. This composition allows tires to have both low rolling resistance and good steering stability.

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Annular shear band for non-pneumatic tires with reduced rolling resistance. The shear band has an annular rubber shear layer with discrete annular reinforcing elements interlaced in a zigzag pattern. The reinforcing elements are arranged in rows with reinforcing elements from adjacent rows forming rhombus shapes. This configuration provides load support and prevents crack propagation while allowing high strain deformation. The shear layer is made of a rubber composition with natural rubber and a low styrene content copolymer. The reinforcing elements are made of silica with a coupling agent. The specific reinforcing element arrangement and rubber composition provide low rolling resistance in the shear band.

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Chemically modified precipitated silica with improved compatibility with polymeric matrices. The silica is modified during the precipitation process by adding alkali metal alkyl siliconates. This allows the formation of silica chemically modified with alkyl groups. The modification takes place during the precipitation without additional steps. The modified silica can be used as a reinforcing filler in polymeric compositions like tires.

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Rubber composition for tire treads that provides improved wet grip and rolling resistance compared to conventional rubber compositions. The composition contains specific ratios of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), silica, and zinc oxide. The composition also has a specific styrene content in the SBR, vinyl content in the SBR, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the SBR. Cross-linking the composition improves wet grip and maintains rolling resistance compared to cross-linking conventional rubber compositions.

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The prediction of tire rolling resistance is importance in both academic and engineering. Classic computational methods are complexity low efficiency. This paper proposes a method based on cumulative changes strain energy density to calculate resistance. Obtain the stress stains states various components by Finite Element Analysis (FEA), apply Karmals formula for computation changing density. proposed achieves good tendency between measurement results. Moreover, efficiency reduced 1/12 that classic methods. can be used complex simplified tread patterns tires predicting.

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ABSTRACT Rolling resistance has become one of the key parameters that vehicle industry is focusing on in their efforts to make vehicles more energy efficient. generally measured steady state a test drum results higher rolling than flat track measurements for same settings due curvature drum, which deforms tire more. Therefore, steady-state commonly converted with Clarks formula, as suggested measurement standards. Freudenmann et al. suggest an adjustment claiming it would improve accuracy conversions. The aim this work compare non-steady-state and measurements, performed at inflation pressure temperature, investigate whether or Freudenmanns formula can be used convert corresponding level when not state. Non-steady-state have been both track. As expected, good conversion because was empirically developed works conversions temperature pressure. However, dependency causing difference between increases decreases. Further research by including effects beneficial.

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A system for optimizing tire inflation by calculating personalized target pressures based on factors beyond just the default value. The system involves vehicles calculating profile-based target pressures for tires using data like tire make, history, vehicle use, and environment. The target pressures are then wirelessly transmitted to devices like tire fillers or user devices to inflate the tires to the calculated optimal pressures. This customized tire pressure management goes beyond just default values to provide better tire performance and longevity.

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Additive composition for improving properties of silica-filled rubber compounds in tires, such as fuel economy, traction, and wear resistance. The composition comprises a reaction product of fatty acid and polyamine. It is added to silica-filled rubber compounds, like tire treads, at low parts per hundred (phr) levels. The additive enhances silica dispersion and reduces payne effect, without affecting key rubber properties like viscosity, scorch, hardness, tensile strength, elongation, abrasion, and modulus. This enables improved tire performance, including lower rolling resistance, enhanced winter/dry traction, and better dry handling, without compromising other properties.

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Polysaccharide-elastomer masterbatch for making reinforced rubber compositions with reduced water content. The masterbatch is made by mixing a polysaccharide dispersion with an elastomer latex and then coagulating and drying the mixture. This avoids adding water during masterbatch production, allowing lower water content in the final rubber compound. The polysaccharide provides reinforcement and reduces rolling resistance compared to carbon black. The masterbatch can be used in applications like tires, belts, footwear, coatings, etc.

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Silica-filled rubber compound for tires with high stiffness and reduced rolling resistance. The compound contains a specific additive with a dipole moment over 2 Debye, polar groups at one end of a hydrophobic carbon chain, and crosslinks only at the other end. This additive enhances silica dispersion and stiffness without increasing hysteresis compared to traditional plasticizers. The compound has a balance of stiffness and rolling resistance exceeding 1.15 in E'/TanD ratio.

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Tire tread design that improves rolling resistance while maintaining wet grip and reducing maximum lateral force for vehicles like SUVs and vans. The tread has a center section with a different rubber composition compared to the shoulder sections. The center rubber has lower storage modulus at 1% strain and higher glass transition temperature compared to the shoulder rubber. This allows lower rolling resistance and improved wet grip without sacrificing maximum lateral force. The center rubber composition can contain a styrene/alpha-methylstyrene copolymer resin.

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Rubber composition for truck tires with improved rolling resistance and wet grip while maintaining wear resistance. The composition contains 70-95 phr of polyisoprene and 5-30 phr of a low Tg SBR functionalized for silica coupling. It also has 40-80 phr of predominantly silica filler. This combination provides a balance of wear, wet, and rolling resistance properties for reduced environmental impact and safety in truck tires.

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Functionalizing polydiene polymers like styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) by modifying the backbone using silylating grafting agents. The grafting agents are synthesized by reacting siloxanes, compounds with a vinyl group and substituent, and a catalyst. The grafting agents are then used to hydrosilylate the polymer post-polymerization, incorporating multiple functional groups on the backbone. This improves properties like rolling resistance, wet traction, and filler interaction.

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Cured rubber compositions for tires with improved properties like filler dispersion, lower rolling resistance, and better snow traction. The compositions contain silylated polydiene polymers derived from diene monomers like styrene and butadiene. The silylation involves grafting a silylating agent with a functional group onto the diene polymer. The silylated polydiene polymer improves tire compound performance when cured.

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Silane coupling agents for rubber compounds that improve properties like wear, rolling resistance, and handling without viscosity instability. The silane compounds have a specific structure with alkyl, alkenyl, and alkoxy groups. They can be prepared by reacting a silane amine with an alkene and an alcohol. The silane-functionalized rubbers made with these compounds have lower viscosity changes over time compared to traditional silane-functionalized rubbers. This reduces issues like gelation and handling difficulties in processing.

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Tire design to reduce rolling resistance while maintaining electrical conductivity. The tire has an inner strip with low electrical resistance extending from the tread through the tread base layer and along the sidewall to the bead. This provides an electrical path from the bead to the road contact. The tread and base layer also have low resistance. This allows electrical charges to flow from the rim to the road without needing high carbon black levels in the tread. The tire can have a separate conductive strip in the sidewall.

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Tire design with reduced rolling resistance while maintaining electrical conductivity. The tire has specific sidewall and chafer rubber compositions with lower electrical resistance compared to the rest of the tire. This creates a voltage path from the rim to the ground through the sidewalls and chafers. The lower resistance sidewall/chafer rubber allows the tire to dissipate static charge to the environment. The rest of the tire components like tread, belt, and carcass have higher electrical resistance. This provides a balance between reduced rolling resistance from less carbon black in those areas and sufficient conductivity from the sidewalls/chafers.

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Small diameter tire design that provides both low rolling resistance and noise reduction in a compatible manner. The tire uses specific tread rubber compounds with optimized properties to achieve the desired balance. The rubber has a moderate hardness (Shore A) for low rolling resistance, a high breaking strength (Bruck modulus) for load capacity, and a low loss factor (tan delta) at high temperature for reduced rolling noise.

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A summer SUV tire with improved wet grip, low rolling resistance, noise reduction, and durability. The tire has a specialized tread design with optimized groove geometry, pitch arrangements, and rubber compound selection. The tread is divided into first, second, and third pattern blocks. The main tread layer has high grip rubber, the secondary layer has lower grip rubber, and the bottom layer prevents separation. The upper and lower shoulder grooves are misaligned angles for noise reduction. Multi-level variable pitch arrangements in the tread improve traction and reduce noise. The main tread compound has high grip, the secondary compound has lower grip, and the bottom compound is very viscous.

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A low rolling resistance tire with improved braking performance. The tire has a tread with specific patterns and grooves arranged in a specific configuration. The tread has four longitudinal grooves and fixed patterns including a first pattern, a second pattern, a third pattern, a fourth pattern, and a fifth pattern. The tread has three crown rubbers, first, second, and third. This unique pattern and groove arrangement on the tread along with the three crown rubbers helps balance dry braking distance and rolling resistance.

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All-steel radial tire with low rolling resistance, high wet grip, and reduced shoulder wear. The tire has a tread with five circumferential grooves: a central open groove and two closed grooves near the center, plus two open shoulder grooves. The closed center grooves self-close under load. This design balances low rolling resistance from thin tread and reduced ground contact, high grip from open shoulder grooves, and minimized shoulder wear from evenly distributed contact pressure.

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A rolling resistance reducing tire design with patterned tread grooves to improve fuel efficiency. The tread has main circumferential grooves with upper open sections and narrow lower sections. This reduces contact area between the tire and road compared to traditional closed grooves, lowering rolling resistance. The open upper sections allow drainage and prevent stone punctures. The narrow lower sections prevent rigidity loss. The tire has a tread, shoulder, sidewall, carcass, belt, lining, and bead structure.

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Low rolling resistance, low flat wide base radial tire with optimized pattern design, material distribution, and rubber compound to reduce rolling resistance while maintaining wear and durability. The tire has self-closing circumferential grooves near the shoulder and open U-shaped grooves elsewhere. The self-closing grooves have groove walls that fit together under load to reduce deformation and rolling resistance. The open grooves have wider upper edges and avoid full wall contact. This balance between self-closing and open grooves reduces hysteresis loss without excessive wear. The tire also uses rubber compounds with reduced hysteresis.

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Tread pattern for metric all-steel load-bearing tubeless radial tires that improves wear resistance, reduces rolling resistance, prevents cracking, and has lower noise compared to conventional patterns. The tread is divided into nine equal parts with four longitudinal straight grooves. Grooves separate the straight grooves. Bottoms of the straight grooves have wavy shapes to prevent cracking. This tread design provides better wear, lower rolling resistance, and prevents cracking compared to traditional patterns.

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A low rolling resistance, quiet and comfortable tire with improved durability. The tire has a unique tread pattern with an elongated outer shoulder transverse groove. This pattern reduces rolling resistance while still maintaining grip. The tire also has a double-layer carcass that strengthens the sidewall to prevent bulges. High-strength steel wire in the crown improves durability.

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A cross-linkable rubber composition for tire treads with improved rolling resistance and wet grip. It contains natural rubber or isoprene rubber, syndiotactic 1,2 polybutadiene, and carbon black filler. The key is using a small amount of syndiotactic 1,2 polybutadiene rubber along with carbon black. This provides a balance of wet grip and rolling resistance properties when cured, without compromising either.

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Pneumatic tire design that reduces rolling resistance and improves fuel efficiency without sacrificing durability. The tire has a bead-reinforcing layer outside the carcass that reinforces the bead portion. The tire also has specific geometric and material properties like loss tangent, complex elastic modulus, groove ratios, and sidewall characteristics.

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A pneumatic tire with reduced rolling resistance and improved durability for high-speed driving. The tire has a side rubber thickness of 3mm or less outside the carcass at the widest point, a loss tangent of 0.15 or less for the rubber, and specific dimensional ratios. The ratio of (outer diameter minus 2 times height) to width is at least 470mm, and the aspect ratio is 45% or higher.

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A high fuel efficiency tire with reduced rolling resistance at high speeds and excellent durability. The tire has a sidewall and clinch portion where the loss tangent measured at 70°C and 10 Hz is such that (tan δ sidewall + tan δ clinch) ≤ 0.3 and |tan δ sidewall - tan δ clinch| ≤ 0.07. It also has a sidewall-to-clinch complex elastic modulus difference of (E clinch - E sidewall) ≤ 8.0 MPa.

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A tire design with improved balance of performance characteristics such as grip, rolling resistance, wear, and noise. The tire has a specific layering structure of rubber compounds in the crown region. This includes a top layer with high shear modulus, a bottom layer with low shear modulus, and an intermediate layer with medium shear modulus. This layering arrangement provides an optimized balance of properties that allows improved performance across multiple criteria compared to conventional tires.

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