Tire Energy Recovery

Electromagnetic coupled powering of electric vehicles using piezoelectric tires. The tires have piezoelectric elements that generate charge when compressed by the vehicle weight. This charge is stored in a capacitor. When the tire deflates, the capacitor discharges through a coil, generating a time-varying magnetic field. A receiver coil on the vehicle picks up this field and converts it into power. This allows the vehicle to scavenge energy from the road without batteries.

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System for generating electric power to charge the battery of a vehicle using shockwaves generated by the tires when the vehicle is in motion. The system involves mounting electric generators on the vehicle's tires or suspension to capture the vibrations, road irregularities, and acceleration forces as shockwaves. These shockwaves are then used to generate electric power that is transferred to the vehicle's battery for charging. The system allows vehicles to harvest energy from the road without relying solely on external charging stations or regenerative braking.

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Adaptive control system for vehicles that uses real-time tire and environmental data from hybrid wireless tire sensors (HWTS) to improve vehicle performance and safety. The HWTS, powered by energy harvesting or rechargeable batteries, provide continuous tire pressure, temperature, deformation, wear, speed, slip, and vibration data to the vehicle's processor. This data is used to adapt following distance, cruise control speed, and braking actuation based on tire conditions. It also compensates wheel motors to apply preferred torque to tires based on real-time data. This leverages tire condition feedback to optimize vehicle operation compared to fixed setpoints.

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Integrating durable sensors into building materials like concrete or vehicle components like tires to monitor changes in material properties over time without needing human inspection. The sensors are embedded in the materials or placed on surfaces and are made from carbonaceous microstructures. They respond to electromagnetic stimuli and resonate at frequencies indicative of the material state. Shifts in resonance frequencies can reveal material wear, deformation, or aging. The sensors can be charged by triboelectric generators in tires for self-powered monitoring.

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Roadbed tribological energy (RTE) is a promising recoverable resource with an estimated potential on the terawatt scale, generated annually by interaction between tires and road surfaces. However, RTE remains underutilized due to lack of effective harvesting technologies that can address its high-entropy characteristics. Here, we present revolutionary harvester formed freestanding layer triboelectric nanogenerator array embedded in road. The effectively converts low-grade vibratory into electrical energy. It demonstrates achieve peak power 16.409 milliwatts average 2.2 from compact 78square centimeter area under single tire impact, conversion efficiency 11.723%. In addition, developed self-powered intelligent connected transportation system (SP-ICTS), integrating five-in-one array. Experimental findings show meet SP-ICTSs electricity requirements along 1-kilometer segment 50-meter harvester.

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Piezoelectric energy harvesting in roadways can power distributed sensors and electronics by capturing underutilized mechanical from traffic. In this research, 13 stacked piezocomposites were developed evaluated to determine optimal designs for multiple applications. The design of these transducers aimed at operating a multitude scenarios, under compressive loads (110 kN) low-frequency (10 Hz) applications, intended simulate vehicular forces. Power comparison was utilized between numerous the most efficient configuration electromechanical conversion. Design guidelines based on integrity, output power, active piezoelectric volume percentage, aspect ratio, geometric factors. forces applied study reliant average vehicle weight. An intermediate PZT fraction moderate pillar ratios found yield highest output, with composite significantly outperforming monolithic similar size.

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System to recover wasted kinetic energy of vehicle wheels and convert it into electricity to recharge vehicle batteries. The system has a floating rotatable assembly inside a fixed stator that surrounds the wheel. The floating assembly has magnets that interact with magnets on the wheel and stator to generate current in the stator when the floating assembly spins independently of the wheel. This converts wasted kinetic energy from the wheel rotation into usable electrical energy for the vehicle battery.

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Vehicle tire with integrated flexible piezoelectric ribs added to the inside of the tire that generate electric currents when the tire flexes during driving. The piezoelectric ribs are affixed to the spokes inside the tire and connected to a battery charging circuit. This allows capturing waste kinetic energy from tire deformation to recharge the vehicle battery without additional components. The piezoelectric ribs convert mechanical force to electrical charge when the tire flexes. A charge accumulator stores the generated electricity. A switching mechanism decouples the ribs from the accumulator when the tire is stationary to prevent draining the battery. The system can also condition the variable voltage from the ribs to a constant level for efficient charging.

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The growing demand for sustainable and self-powered technologies in automotive applications has led to increased interest energy harvesting from vehicle suspensions. Recovering mechanical road-induced vibrations offers a viable solution powering wireless sensors autonomous electronic systems, reducing dependence on external power sources. This study presents the design, modeling, experimental validation of hybrid energy-harvesting system that integrates piezoelectric magnetoelectric effects efficiently convert into electrical energy. A model-based systems engineering (MBSE) approach was used optimize architecture, ensuring high conversion efficiency, durability, seamless integration suspension systems. theoretical modeling both mechanisms developed, providing analytical expressions harvested as function parameters. designed then fabricated tested under controlled excitations validate models. Experimental results demonstrate achieves maximum output 16 W/cm2 effect 3.5 effect. strong correlation between predictions measurements confirms feasibility this applications.

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A self-powered hydrogen generator that can produce hydrogen fuel from mechanical energy without requiring an external power source. The device uses internal electrical generation to dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis. It converts rotational energy into electrical energy to drive the electrolysis process. This allows the hydrogen generator to operate solely from mechanical input like a crankshaft or flywheel, without relying on external electrical power.

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Embedding split-ring resonators (SRRs) made of carbonaceous microstructures in vehicle components like tires, bodywork, and landing pads to monitor their properties and conditions. The SRRs respond to electromagnetic stimuli and emit signals that change based on the component's state. This allows detecting tire wear, deformation, and tire-road friction. The embedded SRRs can also charge from triboelectric generators in the tire belts and discharge through resonance. The SRRs can be calibrated and encoded to provide digital wear tracking without electronics.

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Embedding split ring resonators in vehicle components like tires to detect changes in material properties. The resonators are made from carbonaceous microstructures and respond to electromagnetic stimuli. By embedding the resonators in tires, changes in resonant frequency can indicate tire wear, deformation, or damage. The resonators can also detect environmental conditions like water accumulation. The resonator frequencies are based on the material's permittivity and permeability. The embedded resonators can be powered by triboelectric generators in the tire for self-powered sensing.

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Energy harvesting dampers that capture energy from relative motion and provide damping. The dampers contain integrated hydraulic motors and electric generators. In compression, fluid moves through the motor to rotate it and generate electricity. In extension, fluid reverses direction to counter-rotate the motor and generate electricity. Valves restrict fluid flow to unidirectionally spin the motor during both modes. This allows damping while capturing energy.

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A smart wheel rim for vehicles with embedded tire pressure sensors, display, and power generation capabilities. The rim has a built-in tire pressure indicator, an electric power generator, and a wireless connection to the vehicle's tire pressure monitoring system. The generator charges an onboard battery to power the indicator. This allows real-time tire pressure display directly on the rim without needing a separate display in the cabin. It also enables dynamic wheel identification since the sensor and display are integrated into the rim. This eliminates the need for fixed sensors that cannot be swapped between wheels without updating the system. The rim can communicate with the vehicle's tire pressure monitoring system to send and receive tire pressure data wirelessly.

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A retrofit wheel motor that can be easily installed on existing vehicles to improve efficiency and reduce emissions. The motor is integrated into the wheel assembly and has an onboard energy storage module. The motor has a rotor with permanent magnets and a stator with windings. The stator and rotor are spaced by an air gap. The stator is connected to the outer wheel rim and rotates with it. The stator can also rotate relative to the rotor. This allows the motor to capture braking energy and provide acceleration boosts. The storage module is mounted on the stator and interacts with the magnets/windings to receive/transmit energy. This enables onboard energy recovery and storage without needing external components.

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An electric vehicle power generation system that converts the kinetic energy of a vehicle's deforming tires during driving into electrical energy. The system uses linear generators inside the tires that convert the energy from tire deformation due to impacts into electrical energy. This kinetic energy is stored in capacitors and then rectified to charge the vehicle's battery. The system allows recovering energy from tire deformation during driving instead of wasting it.

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Electric energy harvesting tire using studs that generate electricity as they deform in the tire tread. The studs are fixed in grooves and have piezoelectric elements at their bottom. As the studs move with the road, the piezoelectric elements convert the deformation into electrical energy. This harvested energy can be stored and used to power onboard electronics or tire pressure sensors.

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Smart tire with array energy harvesting to provide consistent power for internal sensors and devices without relying on the vehicle battery. The smart tire has piezoelectric modules attached to the inner surface of the tire that generate electricity as the tire deforms during rotation. The modules are connected in parallel arrays around the tire to maximize deformation and power output. The harvested AC voltage is rectified, stabilized, and stored in an energy element. This provides stable DC power for tire sensors and devices.

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Tire self-supply energy-collection charging device that eliminates the risk of car energy loss, power consumption burden and personnel's mileage anxiety, increases duration, and optimizes personnel experience of going on a journey. The device includes a PVDF piezoelectric film, a magnetostrictive material, a tire air-tight layer, a rim and a tire cover, and is arranged in the tire airtight layer, the strength relation among materials of the tire body reinforcing layer is not damaged, the driving operation of personnel is not influenced, and the potential safety hazard of personnel going out is reduced.

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Tire with integrated power generation capability that can generate electricity from road vibrations and pressure changes when the vehicle is driving. The tire has multiple separated power generation modules like piezoelectric, electromagnetic induction, or magnetostrictive devices. These modules convert the tire's dynamic motion into electrical energy without external power. The generated electricity can be used to charge the vehicle battery, power onboard sensors, or store energy in a capacitor.

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An electric vehicle (EV) charging system that uses piezoelectric elements embedded in the tires to generate electrical charge during vehicle motion. The piezoelectric elements compress as the tire rolls, creating a time-varying voltage. A capacitor connected to the elements stores the charge. A discharge circuit connects the capacitor to a coil embedded in the tire. This discharges the capacitor into the coil, creating a time-varying magnetic field. A receiver coil on the EV picks up the magnetic field to wirelessly charge the vehicle battery. The piezoelectric elements, capacitor, and coil are arranged around the tire. The system provides self-sustaining, contactless charging without requiring infrastructure or contact with the road.

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A piezoelectric energy harvesting device for capturing strain energy from tire deformation to power tire pressure monitoring systems. The device is installed in a wheel hub and consists of piezoelectric curved beams sandwiched between the spokes. An inner magnet is fixed to one side of a beam and an outer magnet covers the inner tube. The magnets are aligned in the radial direction with opposite poles facing each other. When the tire deforms, the magnets move relative to each other generating electrical charge on the piezoelectric beams.

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Wheel power generation device for vehicles that converts the pressure between the tire and the ground into electrical energy. The device has piezoelectric layers sandwiched between the wheel hub, elastic support, and outer tire. When the wheel compresses during driving, the piezoelectric layers generate electricity due to the applied pressure. This allows recovering wasted energy from the tire contact. The double-layer piezoelectric structure improves power generation efficiency compared to just one layer. The elastic support replaces the traditional tire for stable support and shock absorption.

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Electrical connector assemblies for harvesting energy from tire and wheel motion without needing batteries. The assemblies have conductors that extend through the tire from inside to outside. This allows harvesting kinetic energy as the tire rotates. The connectors can also be embedded in the tire. The wheel has matching connectors to connect to the tire connectors. This enables harvesting energy from the wheel rotation. The harvested energy can power onboard electronics like sensors. The connectors can also have liquid metal contacts for better electrical connection.

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Tire with integrated piezoelectric devices that generate electricity as the tire rolls. The tire has piezoelectric devices in the inner core with upper and lower piezoelectric ceramics sandwiched between metal sheets. Joints connect the ceramics to wires, with parallel metal plates connecting the upper ceramics and wires. The lower ceramics are wrapped in metal and the upper ceramics are covered by metal caps. Connections between the metal pieces form negative electrode structures. Multiple negative electrode structures are connected in parallel. The piezoelectric devices convert the tire's deformation into electrical charge as it moves.

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A piezoelectric tire that generates electricity from tire deformation and uses it to power onboard electronics. The tire has a coating of piezoelectric material on the inner surface that contacts the ground. This generates electric charge when the tire flexes under load. Circuitry on the tire can harvest this power for applications like tire pressure monitoring or wireless communication. The coating length and shape are optimized for strain sensitivity.

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Power supply device for a passive sensor in a tire of a vehicle that greatly improves the maintenance period and service life of the intelligent tire, and reduces the use cost. The device includes a tire cover, a piezoelectric energy harvesting layer, a thermoelectric energy harvesting layer and a main circuit control board.

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System and method for generating power and information feedback from tire deformation using piezoelectric films. The system involves embedding PVDF piezoelectric films in tires to generate power and collect road environment data. A first thicker PVDF film generates power from tire deformation. A second smaller film collects charge for road sensing. A conditioning circuit converts the charge to voltage, a microcontroller processes the data, and a control unit uses it to optimize vehicle dynamics. This integrates power generation and sensing in the tire, leveraging deformation energy and reducing maintenance costs.

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Automated vehicle tire that improves energy harvesting. The tire includes a profiled tread, belt plies, a carcass insert, an inner layer, side walls and at least one piezo component as a piezoelectric energy converter.

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Power generation device for use in tires that can generate electricity when the tire is in motion. The device has two insulated members with a cushioning material between them. The insulated members come into contact and charge oppositely based on the real contact area. This charge separation generates voltage as the tire deforms. The cushioning material maintains space for the real contact area to change as the tire moves, improving voltage. Adding a weight presses the members for consistent charge separation. The device can be used in tires to generate power during normal driving.

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A piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite energy capture structure for autonomous powering of devices like automotive electronics and tire pressure monitors. The structure captures energy from tire deformation during vehicle motion. It uses a piezoelectric beam between the wheel hub and tire that bends due to tire deformation. This bending generates electrical charge via the piezoelectric effect. Additionally, a coil with an iron core around the outer tire ring and magnets generate electricity via electromagnetic induction due to tire deformation.

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Automatic power supply method for smart devices in automobile tires that eliminates the need for batteries in tire sensors. It uses a piezoelectric energy harvester between the tire and carcass to convert tire vibrations into electrical power. The harvester has an upper support spring, elastic substrate, piezoelectric material, small stiffness springs, and a liquid chamber. The piezoelectric material is in the liquid chamber filled with a low-viscosity liquid. The harvester captures tire vibration energy and provides power to sensors like pressure and temperature gauges in the tire.

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Passive pressure-powered device for cars that harvests energy from tire rotation to provide an onboard power source. The device uses a piezoelectric rubber film sandwiched between a metal plate and the tire inner surface. As the tire rotates, pressure deforms the piezoelectric rubber to generate electricity. Wires connect to the metal plate and the piezoelectric film. A brush slip ring on the wheel hub connects the wires to an output device like a battery or electrical system. The slip ring allows the wires to rotate with the wheel. A ball bearing isolates the slip ring from the tire's rotation. A brush and brush holder contact the slip ring wires. A compression spring presses the brush against the slipping wires. This harvests rotational tire pressure to generate electricity that can power car electronics or lighting.

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Energy harvester system for vehicle wheels that generates electrical power from the forces acting on the wheels during vehicle motion. The system uses piezoelectric components mounted on a substrate inside the wheel rim. The piezoelectric components convert the strain and deformation of the wheel due to forces like road contact and vehicle weight into electrical energy. The substrate provides geometry to increase distortion and energy generation. The harvester can be scaled to wheel sizes and power requirements.

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A piezoelectric power generation device for electric vehicles that significantly increases their range by converting the potential energy of tire deformation into electrical energy during driving. The device has piezoelectric stacks sandwiched between the wheel tire and inner tube. As the tire compresses and deforms during driving, the piezoelectric stacks generate electricity. This harvested energy is filtered and stored in a capacitor before being sent to the vehicle battery. The piezoelectric stacks capture the elastic deformation energy of the tire that would otherwise be wasted during driving.

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A device to convert the elastic energy generated by tire deformation during vehicle motion into usable electrical power. The device has separate left and right modules connected by a central support. Each module has an elastic energy converter, transmission, and generator. The converter attaches to the inside of the tire. As the tire compresses and extends, it moves a paddle that turns the transmission. The transmission has gears that mesh with a generator to produce electricity. This captures some of the elastic energy normally dissipated by tire deformation and converts it into usable power for the vehicle.

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A tire-mounted self-power generation device that harvests energy from tire vibrations using piezoelectric ceramic elements embedded in the tire. The piezoelectric elements are connected in series to form a harvester. A control circuit with a rectifier, switch, comparator, and control circuit converts the piezoelectric voltage into a stable DC and charges a super capacitor. This allows capturing and storing energy from tire vibrations for powering onboard sensors.

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A triboelectric generator housed inside a tire of a vehicle wheel to generate power as the wheel rotates. The housing has cavities with walls coated with triboelectric materials. As the wheel turns, the cavities open and close actuating the triboelectric generators inside to produce electrical current. The housings can be incorporated into the tire structure to protect the generators from the elements.

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Transforming an ordinary tire into a power generating tire by inserting a multi-layer pressure generating module inside the tire. The module is composed of stacked pressure-generating membranes connected to the tire inner wall and pressure ring. It centers on the wheel hub. An integrated processor post-processes the generated electricity. The membranes are installed radially and vertically. The module compresses between the tire and ring. This direct compression method allows converting tire deformation into electrical power.

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A rim tire power generation device that can provide supplementary power during vehicle operation by harnessing forces acting on the tire and rim. The device involves installing piezoelectric power generation layers on the inner surface of the tire and between the tire and rim. During wheel rotation, the forces between the tire and road, and between the rim and road, compress the piezoelectric layers to generate electricity. The power is collected and stored in a battery.

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Tire power generation device that can be used for power generation. The device includes an electric brush, a piezoelectric ceramic double-wafer, a tire section, a wheel hub, an electric energy input lead, a fixed block, a light emitting diode, an electric energy output lead, a commutator and a pre-tightening spring.

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Self-powered piezoelectric tire energy harvester for vehicles that converts a portion of the non-useful work during driving into electrical energy. It attaches to a wheel hub and has piezoelectric ceramic sheets sandwiched between a custom rubber band and a spring steel ring. The piezoelectric sheets deform when the wheel rotates due to tire contact forces, generating electrical charge. This harvester can replace some vehicle electrical systems powered by fuel and improve fuel efficiency by converting some of the otherwise wasted wheel rotation energy into usable electricity.

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Embedding piezoelectric generators in vehicle tires to harness the compression and expansion of the tire when the vehicle is driving. The piezoelectric elements are installed inside the tire and generate electricity as the tire contacts and separates from the ground due to the vehicle load. This leverages the natural contraction and expansion of the tire when it's in contact versus when it's not, without adding weight or hindering vehicle performance. The embedded piezoelectric generators continuously generate power as the tire rotates, providing a low-cost, lightweight, and efficient way to harvest power from vehicle load.

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A piezoelectric ceramic fiber power generation system for capturing and converting the mechanical energy generated by bending and deformation of components like shoes and tires into electrical energy. The system uses piezoelectric ceramic fiber drivers that generate electricity when compressed. An energy collection system with capacitors and a regulator stores and smooths the intermittent output. The stored energy is then used to power devices. This allows moving parts like shoes and tires to automatically harvest and utilize their own mechanical energy instead of wasting it.

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Power generation system that harvests energy from tire deformation during vehicle motion to charge batteries or provide auxiliary power. The system uses a spike attached to the tire that interlocks with the tire deformation. A rotating part converts the spike motion into driving force. This extracts power from tire expansion after compression. The driving force is transmitted to a generator to produce electricity. The system converts only the expanded tire deformation into useful work without impacting vehicle performance. It uses winding mechanisms to tighten the spike wire as the tire expands.

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Double-layer piezoelectric power generation tire using PVDF films sandwiched between the honeycomb tire carcass and the inner steel ring and between the honeycomb tire carcass and the rubber tire casing. The honeycomb tire design with hexagonal hollow cavities allows compression and expansion during tire motion to generate power from both inner and outer films. The hexagonal cavities deform when squeezed, compressing air, and then expand to generate a force for secondary power generation when turned. This improves the power generation efficiency of the films.

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Electricity generation system that harnesses tire deformation during driving to charge batteries or power electric motors without adding weight or requiring external power sources. The system converts the compressive and expansive deformations of the tire into rotary and reciprocating motion to generate electricity. It does this by having mechanisms that only convert the expansion motion after compression, avoiding any negative impact on vehicle performance. The tire deformation is converted into driving force by winding a load transmission member around a rotor that compresses during expansion. Elastic members return torque in the opposite direction when the tire compresses. The rotor and gear sizes are optimized to maximize electricity generation. This allows efficient electricity generation without impacting vehicle performance by leveraging the inherent tire deformation during driving.

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A piezoelectric generator for tires that can harvest electricity from tire compression. The generator uses a flexible piezoelectric device mounted on the inner wall of the tire. When the tire contacts the ground, the piezoelectric material is compressed to generate electricity as the tire deforms. The inner wall and supporting frame prevent the tire from collapsing excessively, while the flexible piezoelectric device allows compression without damage. This steady and stable tire compression provides a consistent power source to recharge vehicle batteries.

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A piezoelectric tire that can convert the mechanical energy generated during vehicle motion into electrical energy. The tire has a piezoelectric film sandwiched between the inner side of the tread and a buffer layer. Electrodes on the piezoelectric film connect to wires. A capacitor component is mounted outside the tire with one plate connected to the piezoelectric film's negative electrode. A switch allows charging the capacitor when the tire is deformed during driving, then discharging it to the vehicle battery when the switch is open. This stores the piezoelectric energy in the capacitor until needed.

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Electrostatic energy generation in tires using friction between specific tire cord fabrics to generate electrical energy during driving. The tire cords have conductive wires surrounded by non-conductive materials. Pairs of cords with different non-conductive materials are arranged side by side to create a bundle. Friction between the cords during tire deformation generates electrostatic energy. This harvested energy can be used to charge vehicle batteries, extending range. The same cords also provide tire pressure sensing capability by collecting electrical signals during driving.

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