Performance Stability of EV Batteries

Power battery charge and discharge control method to avoid battery aging and extend life by optimizing charging/discharging based on temperature at multiple positions of the battery. The method involves getting battery voltage and temperatures at multiple points, computing allowable currents for each temperature, finding the target power based on voltage and allowable currents, and charging/discharging the battery to that power level. This prevents excessive heating/cooling during charging/discharging by accounting for temperature differences.

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Advanced battery management system for electric vehicles that optimizes battery performance, safety, and lifespan through sophisticated monitoring, control, and communication techniques. The system continuously monitors voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge of each battery cell. It analyzes this data to determine cell health and performance. Based on the analysis, it regulates charging and discharging of the cells to optimize battery life and vehicle performance. It also implements safety measures to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, and thermal runaway. The system communicates real-time battery data to remote servers for monitoring and analysis.

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Intelligent battery pack controller for high-voltage multi-cell battery packs that provides advanced features like temperature compensation, charging protection, fault diagnosis, and communication to optimize battery performance and longevity. The controller uses a microcontroller, analog-digital converter, temperature sensor, heating module, output control module, status display, and communication interface. It collects cell voltages, temperatures, and currents, performs calculations, and outputs control signals to protect against overcharge/discharge, overtemp, low power, and faults. It also displays battery status and communicates with other devices.

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Vehicle battery charging and discharging system that optimizes charging and discharging speed of electric vehicle batteries based on the battery's state of deterioration and power system frequency fluctuations. The system measures battery parameters, calculates deterioration state, maps optimal charging/discharging rates for current deterioration and frequency, and adjusts charging/discharging power accordingly. This enables delaying battery degradation when charging/discharging rapidly on unstable power grids.

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Battery management technique that reduces battery degradation by optimizing charge and discharge rates based on the operating mode and state of charge. It involves using two charge/discharge modes: a low rate mode below a certain C rate for normal operation, and a temperature suppression mode to prevent sudden temperature changes. The C rate limit is adjusted between the modes to balance load reduction and temperature management. This allows flexible control of charge/discharge rates to mitigate battery degradation in different operating conditions.

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Energy storage battery current sharing control method to prevent circulation currents between parallel connected battery packs and extend battery life. The method involves calculating and adjusting the output current of each battery pack based on its SOC, SOH, and capacity. Temperature monitoring is also done and the current is further adjusted based on temperature changes to improve aging consistency. This prevents circulation currents from packs with different capacities and aging levels.

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Intelligent lithium battery control system that improves performance, reliability, and safety of lithium battery packs used in electric vehicles, drones, and energy storage systems. The system monitors battery status, optimizes charge/discharge strategies, predicts battery health, manages power peaks, balances energy use, provides remote monitoring, and implements short circuit protection. Algorithmic optimization, temperature management, and data analysis enhance battery performance and longevity.

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Lithium-ion battery electrodes with a unique non-uniform porous structure that enhances performance compared to conventional electrodes. The positive electrode is made by setting the porosity of the surface layer higher with larger active material particles compared to the inner layer. This non-uniform structure improves battery rate performance and capacity retention by reducing resistance and impedance.

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Controllable lithium-ion battery design with long cycle life by precise pre-lithiation of the negative electrode. The battery includes a standard cell with positive and negative electrodes, separators, etc., and adds an independent lithium replenishing electrode or a metal lithium layer on the negative electrode. The lithium layer supplies excess lithium ions to compensate for cycle-induced lithium loss. The lithium replenishing amount is precisely controlled to optimize battery life without excessive over-lithiation.

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Enhanced lithium secondary batteries with improved capacity, cycle life and output. The batteries use positive and negative electrodes with specific properties, and a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a specific compound. The positive electrode has a conductive material content of 6-20% by mass, a density of 1.7-3.5 g/cm3, and an active material layer thickness to current collector thickness ratio of 1.6-20. The negative electrode has an average primary particle diameter of 0.1-2 μm and a tap density of 1.3-2.7 g/cm3.

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Battery pack with improved low-temperature endurance by optimizing discharge voltage plateaus of different cells. The battery pack has an outer area, middle area, and inner area inside the pack. Cells with dual voltage plateaus are arranged with lower plateau bias towards the colder outer area and higher plateau bias towards the warmer inner area. This balances discharge capacities at low temperatures.

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Secondary battery system with connected battery modules that each have a heating device. The system controller determines the power supplied to each module's heater so that modules with higher SOC or charge receive more heating power. This balances the charge levels between modules by consuming excess energy from higher charged modules. The controller also activates heating based on temperature, SOC, or charge levels. This reduces SOC and charge imbalances between modules while minimizing wasteful power consumption. The system can be used in electric vehicles to maintain module performance and longevity.

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Battery heating system for electric vehicles to improve battery performance in cold temperatures without impacting state of charge. The system uses a bidirectional DC-DC converter and auxiliary energy storage device connected to the vehicle battery. The converter alternates the current direction through the battery at a controlled frequency. This generates internal resistance and heating. The state of charge remains constant since current flows in and out. The frequency can be optimized based on battery temperature and age.

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Aging lithium-ion battery electrolytes before cell assembly to increase cycle life and stability. The aging process involves allowing the electrolyte to sit for several days at room temperature before using it in batteries. This aging step allows the electrolyte additives to partially decompose and transform into more effective species that protect the electrodes and stabilize the electrolyte during cycling.

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Microporous polymer separator with improved shutdown properties for lithium ion batteries. The separator has a microporous polyolefin membrane coated with a thin, uniform layer of inorganic particles to enhance heat resistance and prevent internal short circuits. The separator resists shrinking, tearing, and pinhole formation above the melting point of the base polymer, which can cause electrode exposure and shorts. The coated separator maintains shutdown properties and dimensional stability at high temperatures.

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Battery module design for improved EV battery performance and safety while reducing swelling and failure rates. The module has an elastic bead unit between the battery cells and the cover plate that applies a controlled amount of pressure to the cells. This improves performance and enables better swelling control compared to conventional modules. The module design can be used in battery packs that are used in electric vehicles.

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Battery electrode plates for improved EV battery performance. The electrode plates have a composite current collector with a thin conductive layer sandwiched between a support layer and, optionally, protective layers. This reduces weight and increases energy density compared to metal foil collectors. A conductive primer layer containing one- or two-dimensional conductive materials like nanotubes or graphene is used to connect the thin conductive layer to the electrode active material, improving conductivity.

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Predicting and managing lithium plating in secondary batteries during charging in cold environments to prevent unintended oxidation reactions. The technique involves diagnosing battery health in warmer conditions, then in colder charging periods, keeping the battery temperature within a specific range to intentionally oxidize any lithium plated on the electrodes. This prevents uncontrolled oxidation reactions when the battery warms up. By predicting lithium plating in cold charging and mitigating it, excessive temperature rises due to oxidation reactions are avoided.

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Battery temperature adjustment system for electric vehicles to prevent battery deterioration. The system has a battery, cooling device and control system. When the vehicle is connected to an external power source, the control system selects either the battery or external power to cool the battery based on a deterioration sensitivity map. If cooling with external power would cause more deterioration than using battery power, it cools with battery power.

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Lithium complex oxide for lithium-ion batteries that exhibits improved capacity, resistance, and lifetime. The lithium complex oxide is prepared in a way that modifies the surface of primary particles in the oxide particles. The primary particles on the outer surface of the oxide particles are coated with cobalt. This creates a graded concentration of cobalt from the coating towards the center of the primary particle. The cobalt coating alters the crystalline structure of these particles compared to the interior particles and also reduces residual lithium after washing. This improves lithium ion pathways, battery efficiency, and high temperature stability.

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