Performance Stability of EV Batteries

Power battery charge and discharge control method to avoid battery aging and extend life by optimizing charging/discharging based on temperature at multiple positions of the battery. The method involves getting battery voltage and temperatures at multiple points, computing allowable currents for each temperature, finding the target power based on voltage and allowable currents, and charging/discharging the battery to that power level. This prevents excessive heating/cooling during charging/discharging by accounting for temperature differences.

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Advanced battery management system for electric vehicles that optimizes battery performance, safety, and lifespan through sophisticated monitoring, control, and communication techniques. The system continuously monitors voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge of each battery cell. It analyzes this data to determine cell health and performance. Based on the analysis, it regulates charging and discharging of the cells to optimize battery life and vehicle performance. It also implements safety measures to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, and thermal runaway. The system communicates real-time battery data to remote servers for monitoring and analysis.

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Intelligent battery pack controller for high-voltage multi-cell battery packs that provides advanced features like temperature compensation, charging protection, fault diagnosis, and communication to optimize battery performance and longevity. The controller uses a microcontroller, analog-digital converter, temperature sensor, heating module, output control module, status display, and communication interface. It collects cell voltages, temperatures, and currents, performs calculations, and outputs control signals to protect against overcharge/discharge, overtemp, low power, and faults. It also displays battery status and communicates with other devices.

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Vehicle battery charging and discharging system that optimizes charging and discharging speed of electric vehicle batteries based on the battery's state of deterioration and power system frequency fluctuations. The system measures battery parameters, calculates deterioration state, maps optimal charging/discharging rates for current deterioration and frequency, and adjusts charging/discharging power accordingly. This enables delaying battery degradation when charging/discharging rapidly on unstable power grids.

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Battery management technique that reduces battery degradation by optimizing charge and discharge rates based on the operating mode and state of charge. It involves using two charge/discharge modes: a low rate mode below a certain C rate for normal operation, and a temperature suppression mode to prevent sudden temperature changes. The C rate limit is adjusted between the modes to balance load reduction and temperature management. This allows flexible control of charge/discharge rates to mitigate battery degradation in different operating conditions.

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Energy storage battery current sharing control method to prevent circulation currents between parallel connected battery packs and extend battery life. The method involves calculating and adjusting the output current of each battery pack based on its SOC, SOH, and capacity. Temperature monitoring is also done and the current is further adjusted based on temperature changes to improve aging consistency. This prevents circulation currents from packs with different capacities and aging levels.

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Intelligent lithium battery control system that improves performance, reliability, and safety of lithium battery packs used in electric vehicles, drones, and energy storage systems. The system monitors battery status, optimizes charge/discharge strategies, predicts battery health, manages power peaks, balances energy use, provides remote monitoring, and implements short circuit protection. Algorithmic optimization, temperature management, and data analysis enhance battery performance and longevity.

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Lithium-ion battery electrodes with a unique non-uniform porous structure that enhances performance compared to conventional electrodes. The positive electrode is made by setting the porosity of the surface layer higher with larger active material particles compared to the inner layer. This non-uniform structure improves battery rate performance and capacity retention by reducing resistance and impedance.

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Controllable lithium-ion battery design with long cycle life by precise pre-lithiation of the negative electrode. The battery includes a standard cell with positive and negative electrodes, separators, etc., and adds an independent lithium replenishing electrode or a metal lithium layer on the negative electrode. The lithium layer supplies excess lithium ions to compensate for cycle-induced lithium loss. The lithium replenishing amount is precisely controlled to optimize battery life without excessive over-lithiation.

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Enhanced lithium secondary batteries with improved capacity, cycle life and output. The batteries use positive and negative electrodes with specific properties, and a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a specific compound. The positive electrode has a conductive material content of 6-20% by mass, a density of 1.7-3.5 g/cm3, and an active material layer thickness to current collector thickness ratio of 1.6-20. The negative electrode has an average primary particle diameter of 0.1-2 μm and a tap density of 1.3-2.7 g/cm3.

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Battery pack with improved low-temperature endurance by optimizing discharge voltage plateaus of different cells. The battery pack has an outer area, middle area, and inner area inside the pack. Cells with dual voltage plateaus are arranged with lower plateau bias towards the colder outer area and higher plateau bias towards the warmer inner area. This balances discharge capacities at low temperatures.

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Secondary battery system with connected battery modules that each have a heating device. The system controller determines the power supplied to each module's heater so that modules with higher SOC or charge receive more heating power. This balances the charge levels between modules by consuming excess energy from higher charged modules. The controller also activates heating based on temperature, SOC, or charge levels. This reduces SOC and charge imbalances between modules while minimizing wasteful power consumption. The system can be used in electric vehicles to maintain module performance and longevity.

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Battery heating system for electric vehicles to improve battery performance in cold temperatures without impacting state of charge. The system uses a bidirectional DC-DC converter and auxiliary energy storage device connected to the vehicle battery. The converter alternates the current direction through the battery at a controlled frequency. This generates internal resistance and heating. The state of charge remains constant since current flows in and out. The frequency can be optimized based on battery temperature and age.

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Aging lithium-ion battery electrolytes before cell assembly to increase cycle life and stability. The aging process involves allowing the electrolyte to sit for several days at room temperature before using it in batteries. This aging step allows the electrolyte additives to partially decompose and transform into more effective species that protect the electrodes and stabilize the electrolyte during cycling.

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Microporous polymer separator with improved shutdown properties for lithium ion batteries. The separator has a microporous polyolefin membrane coated with a thin, uniform layer of inorganic particles to enhance heat resistance and prevent internal short circuits. The separator resists shrinking, tearing, and pinhole formation above the melting point of the base polymer, which can cause electrode exposure and shorts. The coated separator maintains shutdown properties and dimensional stability at high temperatures.

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Battery module design for improved EV battery performance and safety while reducing swelling and failure rates. The module has an elastic bead unit between the battery cells and the cover plate that applies a controlled amount of pressure to the cells. This improves performance and enables better swelling control compared to conventional modules. The module design can be used in battery packs that are used in electric vehicles.

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Battery electrode plates for improved EV battery performance. The electrode plates have a composite current collector with a thin conductive layer sandwiched between a support layer and, optionally, protective layers. This reduces weight and increases energy density compared to metal foil collectors. A conductive primer layer containing one- or two-dimensional conductive materials like nanotubes or graphene is used to connect the thin conductive layer to the electrode active material, improving conductivity.

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Predicting and managing lithium plating in secondary batteries during charging in cold environments to prevent unintended oxidation reactions. The technique involves diagnosing battery health in warmer conditions, then in colder charging periods, keeping the battery temperature within a specific range to intentionally oxidize any lithium plated on the electrodes. This prevents uncontrolled oxidation reactions when the battery warms up. By predicting lithium plating in cold charging and mitigating it, excessive temperature rises due to oxidation reactions are avoided.

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Battery temperature adjustment system for electric vehicles to prevent battery deterioration. The system has a battery, cooling device and control system. When the vehicle is connected to an external power source, the control system selects either the battery or external power to cool the battery based on a deterioration sensitivity map. If cooling with external power would cause more deterioration than using battery power, it cools with battery power.

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Lithium complex oxide for lithium-ion batteries that exhibits improved capacity, resistance, and lifetime. The lithium complex oxide is prepared in a way that modifies the surface of primary particles in the oxide particles. The primary particles on the outer surface of the oxide particles are coated with cobalt. This creates a graded concentration of cobalt from the coating towards the center of the primary particle. The cobalt coating alters the crystalline structure of these particles compared to the interior particles and also reduces residual lithium after washing. This improves lithium ion pathways, battery efficiency, and high temperature stability.

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Electrode layer for all-solid state batteries that improves capacity retention. The electrode layer contains an electrode active material, a sulfide solid electrolyte, and a residual liquid. The residual liquid has a low cohesion energy density (delta P < 2.9 MPa½) and a high boiling point (190°C or higher). This reduces cracking and deterioration of the sulfide electrolyte while maintaining ionic conductivity.

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Charging control method for battery packs that prevents cell voltages from exceeding safe limits during fast charging. The method involves compensating the charging rate based on an error between the cell voltage and open circuit voltage (OCV) at the charging target state of charge (SOC). The error is fed through a PID controller to generate a compensation factor. This factor is then multiplied with the charging rate to derive a compensated rate. This compensated rate is used to charge the battery pack, mitigating the risk of cell voltage overshoot.

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Non-aqueous electrolyte solution for energy storage devices like batteries and capacitors that can improve performance at high temperatures and voltages while inhibiting unwanted gas generation. The electrolyte contains a carboxylic acid ester compound, like ethyl lactate, that forms a protective film on the electrodes to enhance stability and prevent decomposition. This improves storage characteristics and capacity retention at high temps/voltages.

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A battery pack design to improve discharge performance at low temperatures by better managing temperature differences across the pack. The pack has two types of battery cells with different internal resistances. Cells with lower resistances are placed in outer pack areas with better heat dissipation. Cells with higher resistances are placed in inner pack areas with poorer heat dissipation. This balances temperature effects across the pack to mitigate reduced performance due to cold temperatures.

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Increasing the performance and durability of solid-state lithium-ion batteries through optimized electrode and electrolyte interfaces. Applying a lithiated ionomer electrolyte directly to the electrode layer to form an optimized electrode-electrolyte composite. This improves battery performance and stability over existing solid-state batteries by overcoming issues like limited cathode loading and solid electrolyte conductivity. The specific process involves using a lithiated ionomer electrolyte applied to a cathode layer to form an optimized electrode-electrolyte composite.

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Optimizing the performance of secondary batteries in electric vehicles by predictively heating them before use. The battery temperature is analyzed along with parameters like ambient temperature, vehicle start time probability, etc. If the probability of a drive exceeds a threshold, the battery is dynamically heated to an optimal temperature for predicted use. This allows the battery to operate at a higher power level than if cold. The heating lead time is at least a minute to avoid wasting energy.

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A battery design that exhibits both high low-temperature cycling performance and high high-temperature cycling and storage performance. The battery uses a double-sided separator with heterogeneous particle sizes on each side. The first side facing the anode has a small particle size binder to improve low-temperature performance. The second side facing the cathode has a larger particle size binder to improve high-temperature performance. The battery also uses a high-percentage linear carboxylate compound electrolyte to further enhance low and high-temperature performance.

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Secondary battery with improved cycle life, energy density, and storage life. The battery includes a positive electrode plate with active material like lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, and a negative electrode plate with active material like silicon and carbon. The positive electrode may contain single crystal particles. The negative electrode film has a binder and conductive agent. The battery is prelithiated and has a specific ratio of negative to positive electrode capacity to control lithium excess during cycling.

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Method and device for optimized charging and discharging of battery packs to improve overall pack life by equalizing the degradation of individual modules. It calculates the degradation state of each module based on charge/discharge status, and if any module's degradation exceeds a threshold, it determines an optimal charge/discharge rate for all modules based on temperature differences between modules. This command set is then used to control charging and discharging of all modules to balance degradation and prevent uneven aging.

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Real-time monitoring and management system for lithium iron phosphate batteries that enables precise monitoring, balancing, and protection of the batteries. The system uses an isolation amplifier, ADC, microprocessor, and temperature sensor to continuously monitor voltage, current, and temperature of each battery in a pack. It calculates the state of charge and temperature of each battery, balances the cells, and provides overall pack balancing to ensure equal discharge capacity. It also implements circuit protection to prevent abnormal temperatures.

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Optimized temperature control method for lithium-ion battery systems in electric vehicles to extend battery life and improve performance. The method involves precise temperature regulation using a multi-stage cooling strategy. It starts with natural convection cooling for initial battery temperature stabilization. Then, if needed, a supplementary air cooling stage is engaged to lower the temperature further. Finally, active liquid cooling is used as a last resort to maintain optimal battery operating conditions. The multi-stage cooling sequence allows targeted temperature management without over-cooling that can degrade battery performance.

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Method for optimizing cooling of aging lithium-ion battery packs to extend life and prevent overheating. The method involves modeling the battery pack cooling system using simulation software like COMSOL Multiphysics. This allows analyzing temperature distribution, heat transfer, and flow characteristics. By adjusting cooling strategies based on aging state, it balances cooling for safe operation and prevents excessive cooling that degrades performance. The method enables efficient battery thermal management for aging batteries.

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Intelligent control system for optimizing battery performance and longevity in electric vehicles. The system uses real-time battery data and machine learning models to dynamically optimize battery cooling and life extension. It collects temperature, discharge, voltage, and state of charge from the battery. It uses a model built from test data to predict battery life based on the real-time data. It adjusts cooling parameters based on the temperature and discharge for optimal heat dissipation. It also adjusts cooling parameters based on the predicted battery life to balance cooling versus aging. This personalized, intelligent battery control improves battery balance, charging, and lifespan.

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Control system and method for lithium iron phosphate battery packs used in electric motorcycles that provides improved temperature management, charge/discharge control, and overall battery health for longer life. The system has a compact layout with staggered cell arrangement in the pack to improve space utilization and heat dissipation. The control module monitors pack status, compensates for temperature, and intelligently charges/discharges to optimize battery performance.

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Battery management system for improving the service life of lithium batteries by actively balancing cell voltages, controlling temperature, and monitoring health. The system has a central processor, equalization module, main control module, battery pack module, output control module, and thermal management system. It detects cell temperatures, balances voltages, limits current, and regulates temperature to prevent overheating and aging. The central processor coordinates the modules and manages communication. This proactive battery management extends battery life compared to passive monitoring.

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A battery charging and discharging control method to prevent overcharging and overdischarging of electric vehicle batteries. The method involves analyzing cell parameters like voltage, current, and temperature to determine limits, pack voltage, SOC, and faults. Based on these values, optimal charge and discharge power levels are determined using maps. This prevents overcharging and overdischarging while optimizing charging and discharging for battery longevity and safety.

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Electric vehicle battery cooling management system that optimizes battery temperature, cooling efficiency, and life to improve electric vehicle range and reliability. The system uses a battery thermal management subsystem, vehicle speed management subsystem, and battery life management subsystem. It dynamically adjusts battery cooling based on vehicle speed, predicts acceleration using neural networks, and manages driving paths based on battery health. This coordinated control aims to maintain optimal battery temperatures, prevent thermal runaway, and prolong battery life.

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Cylindrical battery cell design to improve cycle life by preventing electrode compression. The battery cell has a housing with a cylindrical cavity and an electrode assembly in the cavity. The electrode assembly has a polygonal cross-section like a pentagon or hexagon that fits inside the cavity. When the electrodes expand during charging, the corners of the polygon abut the housing wall but there is remaining space. This prevents the electrode from being locked against the housing and allows expansion without compression.

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Battery thermal management method for electric vehicles using model predictive control to optimize cooling system performance and battery health. The method involves predicting vehicle speed and using that prediction in the model predictive control algorithm to reduce speed disturbance effects. It also optimizes cooling system energy consumption and battery degradation simultaneously. The cooling system model assumes parallel cold plates with equal temperatures. The method aims to reduce the impact of vehicle speed fluctuations on the state estimator while minimizing cooling system energy consumption and battery degradation.

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Active thermal management system for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles that optimizes battery performance and range. The system uses a mathematical model to evaluate and compare different thermal management strategies based on factors like temperature, energy consumption, and capacity decay. This allows finding the best balance between battery temperature control and overall system efficiency. The model incorporates components like the battery, motor, transmission, and wheels to accurately simulate real-world conditions. The optimization process involves iteratively adjusting the thermal management parameters and analyzing the model output to find the optimal set.

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Battery pack charge and discharge management strategy for energy redistribution type battery packs that maximizes efficiency and extends life compared to traditional strategies. The strategy uses a predictive control approach to allocate optimal charging and discharging power to each battery in the pack. It considers factors like energy utilization, temperature, and power fluctuations to improve overall pack efficiency and reduce aging. The strategy involves constructing an optimization function with constraints based on battery thermal and electrochemical behavior.

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A battery management system (BMS) technique for extending the life of power batteries in electric vehicles by adaptively adjusting battery usage parameters based on mileage, vehicle type, and environmental conditions. The BMS monitors the vehicle's odometer in real time and optimizes charging/discharging logic as the battery ages. It also modifies parameters like SOC range, charging cutoff, and current limit based on factors like temperature and vehicle type. This adaptive management improves battery life by accounting for actual usage instead of just SOH.

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Smart battery management system that prevents battery fires by accurately estimating battery state of charge (SOC) and collecting fire prevention information. The SOC estimation uses a hybrid Kalman filter with improved R and C value prediction using deep learning. The fire prevention module collects cell temperature, fire safety checks, and relay contacts. If fire risk is detected, power control blocks charging/discharging to prevent spread.

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Intelligent battery management system for electric vehicles that improves battery health and lifespan through machine learning and artificial intelligence. The system estimates cell-level health using machine learning models trained on cell data. It then uses this per-cell health estimation to optimize overall pack management, charging, and balancing strategies. The system also monitors and mitigates issues like deep discharge and thermal runaway using machine learning models. This proactive, cell-level health-aware battery management provides better battery performance and longevity compared to traditional pack-level management.

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Whole vehicle energy management method for electric vehicles that improves range and performance by accurately estimating battery state of charge and temperature. The method involves modeling the battery and using a joint estimator to simultaneously estimate SOC and temperature. This provides more accurate battery characterization for optimal energy management compared to measuring just one variable. The joint estimation is done using extended Kalman filters. The estimated SOC and temperature are then used in a rule-based energy management strategy to optimize charging, discharging, and power delivery based on driving conditions.

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Thermal management system for power batteries in electric vehicles that maintains optimal battery temperature for performance and safety. The system uses an integrated radiator on the battery, a connected expansion tank, and a regulating valve. It also has a main control module, battery management module, and monitoring system. The control module receives battery data, compares to setpoints, and activates the regulating valve to adjust coolant flow through the radiator. This regulates battery temperature based on real-time conditions.

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Battery management system that improves battery lifespan by dynamically adjusting battery temperature during charge and discharge cycles. The system cools new batteries to slow aging, heats older batteries during charge to prevent lithium plating, and cools partially charged batteries to slow aging. It predicts duty cycles, monitors plating, and adjusts charge temps to prevent plating. This targeted temperature control extends battery life beyond static temps.

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Battery management system for electric vehicles that monitors cell temperatures, balances cell voltages, and controls fan speed in the battery pack to prevent overheating and improve battery life. The system uses a central controller connected to the cells via a bus. The cells have temperature and voltage sensors that send data to the controller. The controller adjusts fan speed based on cell temperatures and issues alarms for abnormalities. It also balances cell voltages using compensation techniques.

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Intelligent thermal management system for power batteries in electric vehicles that accurately controls temperature of individual battery cells, recovers waste heat, and balances cell voltages without consuming pack energy. The system uses thermoelectric semiconductors on cell surfaces to precisely regulate cell temperatures. It also has a heat recovery module at one end of the pack to collect excess cell heat. This heat is converted and stored in an auxiliary battery. The thermal management controller coordinates all components via a CAN bus. This enables efficient and intelligent battery temperature control, heat recovery, and cell voltage balancing without draining pack energy.

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Method to safely operate electric vehicle battery systems by reducing current flow when temperatures reach certain ranges. The method involves monitoring the battery temperature and current flow in an EV battery system. If the battery temperature is between thresholds, and the current is above a limit, the current is reduced to prevent overheating. This current reduction is done using a predefined curve. This allows controlled operation of the battery within a safe temperature range.

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