Heat Pipes and Vapor Chambers for EV Battery Cooling

Battery module with integrated vapor chambers for efficient cooling of the battery cells. The battery module has multiple vapor chambers filled with a working fluid placed between the battery cells. These chambers absorb heat from the cells, convert it to vapor, and transfer it to a heat transfer interface material. The interface material then channels the heat to an external cooling system. The vapor chambers circulate the working fluid between liquid and vapor states to efficiently cool the cells.

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Power battery module system with improved thermal management using high thermal conductivity vapor chambers. The system has a housing enclosing multiple battery cells. Vapor chambers are sandwiched between adjacent cell surfaces and the housing. The vapor chambers have lower thermal resistance compared to conventional methods. Thermal grease is used between the chambers and housing contact points. This provides uniform and efficient heat transfer between cells and reduces temperature differences inside cells.

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Battery for electric vehicles that prevents hot spots and provides homogenous cooling without active cooling systems. The battery has passive cooling loops between the cell stack and casing. Each cell has a loop heat pipe, oscillating heat pipe, or heat pipe. The loops have evaporators in the cell stack and condensers in the casing. The loops circulate phase change fluid between the stack and casing to extract heat. The loops have U-shaped ducts in the stack and casing sections to connect evaporator and condenser. This provides thermal contact and circulation between stack and casing to distribute heat.

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A battery thermal management system that addresses both low-temperature heating and high-temperature cooling needs. The system uses a combination of phase change materials, flat heat pipes, thermoelectric cooling, and vapor chambers. The phase change materials absorb and dissipate heat during charging/discharging. Flat heat pipes transfer heat between battery packs. Thermoelectric cooling plates provide active heating or cooling. Vapor chambers capture and transport heat. This compact, versatile system improves battery temperature control for optimal performance and safety in all conditions.

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A thermal management system for battery packs in electric vehicles that provides uniform cooling and improves battery performance. The system uses planar heat pipes in direct contact with the battery packs to draw heat out, and heat sinks on the edges of the heat pipes to dissipate the heat. The heat pipes have opposed contact regions on the battery packs to balance heat distribution. The heat sinks have varying cooling performance to further optimize cooling.

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Battery temperature control system for lithium-ion batteries that enables uniform temperature distribution, avoids overheating, and reduces thermal management costs. The system uses a combination of heat pipes, heat exchange devices, and temperature control units. Heat pipes are placed directly on the battery poles to extract heat during overheating. They also transfer heat to the battery poles when temperatures are low. The heat pipes exchange heat with a central vapor chamber and external sources. This allows passive cooling/heating via phase change materials. The temperature control units actively regulate pole temperatures. The system provides effective temperature regulation without occupying internal battery space.

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Battery cooling structure using a T-shaped vapor chamber to improve cooling performance of batteries in high power applications where traditional flat plate vapor chambers can overheat. The T-shaped chamber has a bottom section that connects to the battery and transfers heat from the bottom of the battery. This prevents hot spots and allows even cooling. The top section radiates the heat to the surrounding environment. The T-shape allows the bottom section to soak up heat from the battery while the top section radiates it away, improving overall cooling compared to just a flat plate chamber.

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Battery module with improved heat dissipation using an internal heat pipe network to effectively cool the battery cells. The heat pipe structure has a vacuumized sealed tube above the battery holder to transfer heat by evaporating and condensing fluid. It also has a section inserted between adjacent cells to absorb cell heat. Connections between the sections allow heat transfer. This allows peripheral cell heat to be extracted and radiated by the top section.

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Uniform temperature cooling system for battery modules in energy storage applications that provides good heat dissipation, temperature uniformity, reliability, and independent operation. The system uses micro-channel pulsating heat pipes contacting the battery modules to form independent heat dissipation units. The pipes have bent micro-channels with a closed loop connecting sections for evaporation, adiabatic, and condensation. This allows direct heat transfer from the battery side to the condensation section where cooling fluid condenses. It improves heat dissipation and uniformity compared to contact plates. The pipes can also have multiple loops for redundancy if one leaks.

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A compact, efficient thermal management system for cylindrical batteries that uses heat pipes and a unique fluid flow arrangement to uniformly cool and heat multiple batteries in a compact pack. The system has a grid layout with batteries spaced apart and heat pipes connecting adjacent batteries. Fluid flows through the pipes and heat transfer plates in a diagonal pattern to evenly distribute cooling/heating between batteries. The diagonal flow reduces temperature extremes compared to parallel flows. The compact grid design allows more batteries while avoiding rigid contact issues of flat plates.

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Battery pack thermal management system with improved temperature equalization for high-speed charging and discharging. The system uses a vapor chamber module, a phase change material module, and equalization plates to enhance temperature distribution in the battery pack. The vapor chamber modules have surfaces thermally connected to the battery pack shell. Between the surfaces, two-phase flow heat transfer occurs. The phase change material modules have containers filled with material that changes phase during charging/discharging. The containers are thermally connected to the condensation surfaces. Heat from the battery pack melts the material. When it solidifies, latent heat is released. This equalizes temperatures inside the pack. The vapor chamber and phase change modules provide parallel heat transfer paths. The vapor chambers convert localized high heat to spread cooling, while the phase change material absorbs/releases heat to equalize temperatures.

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Battery thermal management structure using heat pipes and phase change materials to reduce parts, simplify assembly, and improve heat dissipation compared to conventional battery cooling methods. The structure is a semi-packaged design where the battery cells are arranged in a discrete array inside a box. Heat pipes with plate-shaped sections connect the cells to cooling channels. Porous lattice structures fill the channels. Phase change material fills the cells. This allows internal heat transfer through pipes and latent heat storage in PCM. Coolant circulates through the channels. In low temp, external heat warms the coolant which transfers to cells. In high temp, cells heat coolant which cools externally.

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Composite thermal management system for high energy density battery packs that can effectively prevent battery overheating and utilize waste heat. The system uses a vapor chamber, phase change material, and conductive layers around the battery pack. The vapor chamber absorbs battery heat and prevents pack temperature rise. The phase change material absorbs excess heat during overheating. The conductive layers transfer heat to the phase change material for preheating and insulation. This allows efficient heat dissipation and preheating without added weight or liquid coolant.

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A cylindrical lithium battery thermal management system that efficiently cools the battery to prevent overheating and thermal runaway. The system uses a vapor chamber coupled with a liquid-cooled copper tube to transfer heat from the battery. The battery is inserted into a silica gel shell that absorbs heat. This heat is then transferred through the vapor chamber to the copper tube filled with liquid coolant. This allows rapid and efficient cooling of the battery.

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Battery module and energy storage system using heat pipes for improved temperature regulation. The system uses heat pipes to rapidly transfer heat between battery cells in each module. Heat pipes are installed closely on both sides of the battery cells to shorten the heat conduction distance. This allows bidirectional heat exchange between cells. The heat pipes also have fins for efficient heat transfer. The design reduces energy consumption for temperature regulation and enables faster heating/cooling compared to conventional methods.

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Battery thermal management module for electric vehicle packs with high temperature uniformity using heat pipes and phase change materials. The module has a liquid-cooled plate, battery cells on top, and heat pipes between columns. The heat pipes have vertical sections in the box and flat sections on the plate. Corrugated plates distribute lateral heat. Phase change material fills the box to quickly transfer heat to the pipes and plate. This improves lateral and longitudinal temperature uniformity of large, high-density battery packs.

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Power battery thermal management system using natural circulation for cooling batteries in electric vehicles. The system uses sintered heat pipes to transfer battery heat to a cooling chamber filled with a working fluid. The heat pipes absorb battery heat through evaporation, then natural convection in the cooling chamber converts the working fluid to vapor. The vapor goes to a condenser to dissipate heat, then returns to the cooling chamber. This natural circulation cools the batteries without pumps or fans. The heat pipes have high thermal conductivity and light weight compared to alternatives. The working fluid boiling point is 25-40°C.

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A battery module heat dissipation device for power batteries in electric vehicles that uses a U-shaped vapor chamber to quickly and evenly dissipate heat from the batteries. The device consists of a U-shaped heat absorber plate attached to the battery, and a condensing plate connected to a liquid cooling system. The absorber plate has evaporation ends on the battery sides and a condensation end at the bottom. The evaporation ends absorb battery heat, vaporizing a working fluid inside the U-shape. The vapor condenses on the cooling plate, transferring the heat to the liquid. This provides fast and uniform battery cooling to prevent overheating and thermal runaway.

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Battery module for electric vehicles with improved thermal management to enable high-rate charging and discharging. The module has a heat exchanger assembly inside the battery pack. The assembly has a snake-shaped heat exchange pipe with a finned heat exchange surface. This pipe connects to the battery cells. A compressor and condensing component (like a condenser or heat exchanger) complete a refrigeration cycle. An expansion valve connects the condensing component to the heat exchanger inside the battery module. This closed-loop refrigeration system cools the battery cells directly without relying solely on convection.

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A cooling system for battery packs that uses pulsating heat pipes and thermoelectric cooling to maintain safe operating temperatures. The battery pack has interlayer cavities filled with pulsating heat pipes that surround the battery cells. The pipes have shorter sections near the cells and longer sections further out. This shape ensures condensation and evaporation of working fluid occurs near the cells to transfer heat. The pack also has temperature sensors and an electronic control unit with a thermoelectric cooling sheet. When starting, the control unit heats the pipes. When the sensors detect battery overheating, the pipes phase change and the cooling sheet absorbs heat to further reduce temperature. This synergistic cooling system prevents battery overheating without additional sensors.

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