Battery Life Extension for EVs

Battery temperature adjustment system for electric vehicles to prevent battery deterioration. The system has a battery, cooling device and control system. When the vehicle is connected to an external power source, the control system selects either the battery or external power to cool the battery based on a deterioration sensitivity map. If cooling with external power would cause more deterioration than using battery power, it cools with battery power.

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Battery charging method to improve battery life by reducing expansion force during charging. The method involves adjusting the charge rate when the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches a certain range where expansion force is maximized. The charge rate is lowered when SOC is close to the range to reduce expansion force and prolong battery life. When SOC exceeds the range, the charge rate is raised to ensure efficiency. This optimizes charging near the expansion limit to extend battery cycle life.

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Electrodes for energy storage systems with improved performance and cycle life. The electrodes are made of materials like silicon, carbon-sulfur, lithium or graphene-silicon composites, coated with parylene. The parylene coating acts as a barrier to prevent contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. This reduces capacity fade and degradation from reactions between the electrode and electrolyte. The parylene coating also contains polysulfides in lithium-sulfur batteries to improve cycle life.

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Optimizing the operating lifetime of an energy storage system like a vehicle battery pack by monitoring parameters like temperature and voltage that indicate cell degradation. When a parameter approaches a threshold indicating end-of-life, the system heats the battery pack to extend its performance and lifetime.

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Apparatus for diagnosing the state of a vehicle battery and presenting measures to suppress battery degradation. The apparatus analyzes the battery usage history and presents suitable suppression measures for factors causing degradation. If an alternative measure doesn't meet certain criteria, it is prohibited from being presented. This prevents presenting ineffective measures that could restrict vehicle use without benefit. By selectively presenting only suitable measures, battery degradation can be suppressed without reducing the vehicle's value.

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Charging electric vehicle batteries to reduce degradation by optimizing charging based on battery aging conditions. The method involves determining the actual aging state of an electric vehicle's battery and comparing it to a target aging state based on the battery's lifespan. Charging instructions are then provided that adjust the timing or rate of charging based on the aging difference. This aims to reduce the number of batteries exceeding the target aging state by prioritizing charging of underaged batteries and delaying overaged batteries. It helps manage overall battery aging across fleets.

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Managing battery charging in hybrid vehicles to balance charging efficiency, battery health, and drivability. It dynamically adjusts charge setpoints based on factors like temperature, location, and state of charge. This allows optimizing charging in different conditions and prevents overcharging. The method also coordinates engine and electric machine operation during charging to maintain torque response.

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A method to optimize battery life by intelligently managing the charge level of a battery that is left to rest and undergoes capacity loss over time. The method involves repeatedly adjusting the charge level at regular intervals to compensate for capacity loss due to aging, self-discharge, and consumption. The steps are: determining the capacity loss experienced by the battery, adjusting the charge level to compensate for the capacity loss, and verifying if the maximum discharge capacity is still above the target charge amount. The compensation for reversible capacity loss is taken into account during charge level adjustment. The operating temperature is also considered to determine the instantaneous discharge capacity.

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Estimating the health status of a rechargeable battery, like those used in electric vehicles, without needing specialized equipment or access to proprietary data. The method involves charging the battery with DC power and measuring the current and voltage during the charge. The energy delivered during the DC charge is calculated and used along with the initial and final states of charge to estimate the battery's health. The key idea is leveraging the DC charging process as a simple and universal way to measure battery health regardless of manufacturer or vehicle model.

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A method to accurately estimate the full charge capacity of a battery over time as it degrades, by using more comprehensive input data compared to existing techniques. Instead of just the number of charge cycles, the method incorporates additional factors like temperature, state of charge (SOC), and charge/discharge rates to provide a more complete picture of the battery's health. By leveraging this expanded dataset, the method can more accurately calculate the remaining capacity of the battery as it degrades over time.

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Vehicle battery charging and discharging system that optimizes charging and discharging speed of electric vehicle batteries based on the battery's state of deterioration and power system frequency fluctuations. The system measures battery parameters, calculates deterioration state, maps optimal charging/discharging rates for current deterioration and frequency, and adjusts charging/discharging power accordingly. This enables delaying battery degradation when charging/discharging rapidly on unstable power grids.

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Lightweight battery state-of-charge estimation method that adapts to changing operating conditions to improve accuracy and stability compared to fixed methods. The estimation algorithm switches between two models based on a threshold determined from the battery's discharge rate. If the estimated state-of-charge is above the threshold, a first model using the Peukert equation is used. If below, a second model fitting the relationship between state-of-charge, voltage, and discharge rate is used. This adaptive approach provides better performance throughout the battery's life cycle in varying conditions.

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Charging control method for lithium-ion batteries in mobile devices that reduces storage degradation by optimizing charge voltage based on predicted battery health. The method involves calculating the rate of storage deterioration over a time period, predicting the storage degradation at a target operating time assuming that rate continues, and then setting the charge voltage to maintain a target capacity at that operating time. This prevents overcharging which can accelerate degradation.

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Continuously predicting the remaining battery capacity of a vehicle's battery throughout its lifecycle. The prediction system involves a battery life prediction device in the vehicle that calculates the battery state when parked and when driving. It transmits this state to the charger when charging starts. The charger measures the charging capacity and battery voltage during charging, then calculates the battery state at charge completion. This allows accurate and reliable battery life prediction by leveraging data from both the vehicle and charger.

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Estimating the health of power batteries in electric vehicles without needing to fully discharge or wait for two hours between charges. The method involves calculating battery SOH based on the cumulative charge amount required to reach 100% SOC from multiple charging cycles, instead of draining and recharging. It also considers battery inconsistency and uses calibration to improve accuracy. This provides a simpler, more practical way to estimate battery health without special equipment or prolonged stationary intervals.

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A battery pack state estimation method that leverages cloud-edge collaboration for accurate and robust estimation of battery pack state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) in electric vehicles. The method involves a multi-step estimation process that integrates techniques like ampere-hour integration, voltage correction, online parameter identification, adaptive filtering, cell screening, and data-driven updates. By combining these algorithms at the cloud and edge levels, it allows higher precision estimation without increasing on-board computing resources. The cloud-edge collaboration involves sending battery data to a central server for analysis, then sending back updated parameters and models to the vehicle.

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Dynamic optimization charging method for lithium-ion batteries that balances charging speed and battery life improvement. The method uses a coupled electrochemistry-thermal-aging model of the battery to accurately predict its state during charging. A state observer estimates internal parameters that cannot be measured. Model predictive control optimizes the charging current iteratively within constraints to balance charging time and aging capacity loss. This dynamically optimizes the charging strategy to accelerate charging while suppressing aging reactions.

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Method for estimating the state of health (SOH) of a battery in electric vehicles without removing the battery. The method involves estimating the SOH using a repeated discharge-relaxation cycle. First, the battery is relaxed to its maximum charge. Then, it is discharged to a known capacity. The discharge capacity is used to estimate the SOH. The process is repeated periodically to update the SOH estimate. By measuring the discharge capacity multiple times, it allows accurate estimation of the SOH over time.

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Charging method for lithium-ion batteries that balances charging speed and safety. The method involves adjusting the charging current based on the battery's state parameters like SOC, temperature, and health. A negative electrode potential safety threshold is determined based on the state parameters. As the battery charges, the requested charging current is adjusted based on the negative electrode potential and safety threshold. Lower charging current when potential drops to prevent lithium plating, higher current when potential is stable to speed charge. This balances charge time and safety by optimizing current based on the battery's condition.

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Lithium complex oxide for lithium-ion batteries that exhibits improved capacity, resistance, and lifetime. The lithium complex oxide is prepared in a way that modifies the surface of primary particles in the oxide particles. The primary particles on the outer surface of the oxide particles are coated with cobalt. This creates a graded concentration of cobalt from the coating towards the center of the primary particle. The cobalt coating alters the crystalline structure of these particles compared to the interior particles and also reduces residual lithium after washing. This improves lithium ion pathways, battery efficiency, and high temperature stability.

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