Silicon Anodes for Improved EV Battery Performance

Pure silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries with improved capacity and stability. The anode contains tiny nuclei of specific lithium-silicon compounds with ordered structures. These compounds are formed by pre-lithiation of silicon with a protective coating and high lithium flux at specific sites. The nuclei transform during battery cycling to the final ordered structure Li4.1Si_Cmcm. This provides higher capacity compared to disordered lithium-silicon compounds. The ordered structures also suppress volume expansion and cracking of the silicon anode.

Source

A battery system and method for lithium-ion batteries with silicon anodes that improves capacity, energy density, and lifespan compared to conventional batteries. The key innovation is adjusting the voltage range for charging and discharging to specific limits. The maximum voltage is 4.00-4.08 V and the minimum voltage is 2.98-3.07 V. This narrower voltage range prevents excessive volume expansion/contraction of the silicon anode during cycling, reducing lifespan degradation. It also allows using higher capacity silicon anodes without sacrificing energy density.

Source

A silicon-containing composite for lithium battery electrodes that improves capacity, cycling life, and reduces volume expansion compared to pure silicon. The composite consists of porous silicon cores covered by graphene shells. The graphene shells prevent silicon particle separation during charging/discharging. The composite also has improved conductivity and reduces SEI layer formation compared to pure silicon. A carbon composite containing this silicon-graphene composite further improves volume energy density and suppresses volume expansion.

Source

Anode electrode for battery cells with improved fast charging capability using a porous silicon coating on a 3D copper mesh current collector. The silicon is deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) without a binder. The porous structure of the 3D copper mesh provides space for electrolyte and volume expansion of the silicon during cycling. The binder-free silicon coating reduces internal resistance for enhanced fast charging performance.

Source

Batteries with improved cycling stability and capacity retention for lithium-ion batteries with silicon-containing negative electrodes, achieved by using an ionogel electrolyte. The ionogel electrolyte contains a silicon-containing polymer matrix, a lithium salt, and an ionic liquid with a piperidinium cation and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion. The ionogel electrolyte is infiltrated into the open pores of the silicon negative electrode during battery manufacturing. This provides a solid electrolyte interphase on the surface of the silicon electrode, improving cycling stability compared to conventional liquid electrolytes. The ionogel electrolyte also has desirable properties like high ionic conductivity, thermal stability, wide electrochemical stability window, and chemical compatibility.

Source

Anode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycling performance by mitigating volume expansion of silicon particles during charge/discharge. The anode contains a carbon matrix that disperses the silicon particles. This reduces localized stresses and cracking compared to silicon-only anodes. The carbon matrix also has controlled pore size and density to further suppress expansion and prevent electrolyte ingress. The anode composition and structure provide better cycle stability and capacity compared to conventional silicon anodes.

Source

A silicon-carbon mixture for lithium-ion battery negative electrodes with improved capacity retention and cycle life compared to pure silicon. The mixture contains two types of composites: a first composite with silicon and carbon, and a second composite with silicon, magnesium silicate, and carbon. The overall oxygen-to-silicon ratio is 0.06-0.90. This composition balances capacity, initial efficiency, and cycle life by mitigating volume expansion during charging/discharging. The composites have controlled internal porosity, particle sizes, and carbon coatings.

Source

All-conductive battery electrodes with improved cycle life and capacity retention compared to conventional lithium-ion battery electrodes. The electrodes have a coating layer with more than 50% silicon, where the silicon and other materials all have low electrical resistivity below 100 Ω-cm. The low-resistivity silicon and current collector eliminate electrical isolation during volume changes. The conductive binder pyrolyzed from the coating also provides conductivity. The all-conductive electrodes avoid capacity loss due to electrical isolation and SEI formation in silicon anodes.

Source

A negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycling performance compared to traditional graphite anodes. The material is a composite containing a porous carbon framework and a silicon-containing compound. The silicon compound is embedded within the pores of the carbon framework. This structure prevents large silicon agglomerations that can form in free silicon anodes. It also allows the silicon to expand and contract within the carbon framework without separating from the electrode.

Source

All-solid-state battery with improved capacity retention without the need for high pressure restraining. The battery uses a specific anode active material, silicon clathrate II type, with a surface area range of 8-17 m2/g. Applying pressure between 0-5 MPa in the layering direction helps prevent volume changes. This allows using lower pressure or no pressure compared to conventional silicon batteries. The silicon clathrate II structure reduces volume expansion during charge/discharge. The optimized surface area improves dispersion to prevent reaction nonuniformity.

Source

Abstract Silicon anodes, despite their high theoretical capacity, face critical challenges such as severe volume expansion (>300%), sluggish reaction kinetics, and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed that synergistically combines supramolecular selfassembly techniques with heterojunction engineering to fabricate N, S codoped carboncoated silicon composites (Si/SiO x @C/N, S). The designed heterostructure mitigates mechanical degradation, enhances electronic conductivity, stabilizes the SEI. In situ Xray diffraction (XRD) confirms highly reversible lithiation/delithiation process, while in EIS verifies formation of stable Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal between SiO carbon induces an internal electric field, significantly accelerating Li diffusion improving charge transport. Electrochemical evaluation reveals optimized MSi@SiO electrode achieves initial Coulombic efficiency 86.1% maintains capacity 1331.7 mAh g after 500 cycles at 1 A g, along excellent rate capability. ... Read More

Source

Silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries that can overcome the issues of volume expansion and loss of electrical contact during charge/discharge cycling. The anode structure comprises a copper current collector, an adhesion layer, and a multistratum active layer. The multistratum layer is made by alternating depositions of silicon and a metal, then rapidly annealing to form conductive metal silicide matrix enclosing amorphous/nanocrystalline silicon regions. This prevents pulverization and maintains electrical contact during volume expansion. The silicon electrode design enables high capacity silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries without issues like pulverization and loss of contact.

Source

Abstract This work presents an indepth chemical and morphological investigation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on binderfree silicon electrodes, which include both nanowire (SiNW) amorphous (aSi) configurations, for nextgeneration lithiumion battery systems. The study focuses first five galvanostatic cycles to capture critical earlystage SEI consolidation process, essential understanding interfacial phenomena that dictate longterm performance. By employing innovative electrode fabrication techniques such as plasmaenhanced vapor deposition utilizing ionic liquid (IL)based electrolytesspecifically 1ethyl3methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMIFSI) formulations known their low viscosity high conductivitythis addresses challenges posed by significant volume changes inherent Sibased materials. Advanced characterization methodologies, notably OpticalPhotothermal Infrared Spectroscopy (OPTIR) Raman spectroscopy are utilized probe structural evolution with spatial resolution. multifaceted approach reveals interpl... Read More

Source

Lithium-ion battery anode with improved cycle life and rate performance for high capacity batteries like those used in electric vehicles. The anode has a silicon-based active material coated with a polymer or amorphous carbon layer containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs improve conductivity and stabilize against volume expansion of the silicon during charging/discharging. The CNTs are restrained by the polymer/carbon coating to prevent cracking and improve interfacial stability. This reduces cycle degradation compared to bare silicon anodes.

Source

Negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycling performance and capacity retention. The material is a silicon-based composite with a unique carbon coating. The silicon particles have a specific surface area oxide (SiOx) and a carbon layer covering the oxide. The carbon coating ratio and thickness are optimized to balance electron conductivity and volume expansion. The coating prevents oxide particle detachment during cycling. The carbon coating ratio is 0 < I1350/I1580 < 5 in Raman spectra, where I1350 and I1580 are peak intensities. The composite also contains graphite particles closely adjacent to the silicon particles, with >40% of the silicon particles adjacent to graphite. This reduces electron transfer resistance. The distance between silicon and graphite particles is <500 nm.

Source

Nanostructured silicon (Si) anodes with various dimensions (0- or 1D) are widely explored in the manufacturing of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to mitigate volume expansion during cycling. However, most them suffer from multiple issues, such as phase impurity, inhomogeneity particle size, and poor mechanical strength, resulting rate capability, cycle performance, Coulombic efficiency. In this work, a modified physical vapor deposition technique, known glancing angle (GLAD) method, is utilized produce pure Si nanospring arrays on Cu foil. The architecture, controlled dimensions, facilitates Li+ diffusion throughout amorphous offers good performance. case, electrochemical polishing foil has played pivotal role achieve very high specific capacity 2800 mAh g-1 at 300 mA capability up 4500 g-1. uniform nanosprings surface better structural robustness compared unpolished one.

Source

Direct coating of electrodes in silicon-dominant anode cells for lithium-ion batteries to improve cycle life and energy density. The direct coating process involves applying a precursor composite film onto the current collector and then heat treating it to convert to a pyrolyzed composite film. This converts the precursor into a stable electrode material directly on the current collector. Roll-to-roll processing allows continuous coating and heat treatment. Reducing atmosphere during heat treatment prevents SEI buildup. The direct coating reduces volume changes and maintains electrical contact during cycling, improving cycle life and capacity retention for silicon anodes.

Source

Abstract Fast charging (FC) capability is a frequently mentioned advantage of silicon as anode active material for lithium-ion cells. In this work, the FC multilayer pouch-cells containing 70 wt% anodes and NCA cathodes investigated over aging. Based on physicochemical-thermal model, voltage trajectories are derived based constant potential(CAP). Different safety margins used to derive different aggressive protocols. These experimentally applied cells, which aged until 70% state-of-health(SoH) using protocols in state-of-charge (SoC) windows. The resulting capacity re- tention was improved almost 850 cycles at SoH 50% SoC window. times 10 min 19 were achieved. subsequent degradation mode analysis indicated loss lithium inventory (LLI) main aging mechanism, independent LLI changed cell balancing, causing time increase by factor up 3, depending SoC. Finally, post-mortem confirmed cathode only minor modes.

Source

A lithium secondary battery with improved cycle life and thermal stability. The battery uses a composite anode active material with a unique structure. The anode contains composite particles made by coating a silicon material onto carbon particles with pores. The silicon coating is heated to 900-1200°C for 6-9 hours to form a coating with a very small (≤10nm) crystallite size. This prevents agglomeration/crystallization of the silicon during battery cycling and high temperatures. The coated carbon provides a matrix to confine the silicon and mitigate volume expansion. The small silicon crystallite size reduces side reactions with the electrolyte and improves battery life.

Source

A lithium secondary battery anode with improved cycle life for high capacity lithium batteries. The anode has two active material layers stacked on the current collector. The bottom layer has a graphite-based active material with low diffusivity. The top layer has composite particles containing silicon. The low diffusivity of the bottom layer slows lithium ion transport to prevent rapid volume expansion of the silicon in the top layer during charging. This prevents capacity fade and improves cycle life compared to using only silicon in the anode.

Source

A lithium secondary battery with improved cycle life and power by using an anode with composite particles containing a silicon coating on porous carbon. The porous carbon provides capacity expansion accommodation and the silicon coating prevents particle cracking during charging/discharging. The composite particles are mixed with graphite to form the anode active material layer. This provides both silicon capacity boost and graphite stability. The porous carbon allows volume expansion without fracture, while the silicon coating prevents particle cracking. This improves cycle life compared to plain silicon anodes.

Source

Lithium secondary battery anode with improved capacity and cycle life for high performance batteries like electric vehicles. The anode contains a silicon-based active material doped with magnesium, along with carbon. The magnesium-doped silicon reduces volume expansion during charging/discharging compared to undoped silicon. This prevents cracks and improves cycle life. The carbon provides electrical conductivity. By adjusting the silicon and carbon contents, rapid charge, room temperature, and high temperature cycle life can be optimized.

Source

Abstract The development of high-performance carbon-silicon anode materials is crucial for advancing lithium-ion battery technology. Herein, we fabricated cladding structure porous carbon/silicon composite fibers derived from residual oil and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) via electrospinning programmed carbonization, using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a pore-forming agent. Optimized synthesis with oil: PAN: PMMA: citric acid-modified nano-silicon ratio 1:1:0.8:0.4 yields CSi@RCF-R10S4 that demonstrates superior electrochemical performance. delivers remarkable discharge capacity 1474.5 mAhg 1 achieves an initial Coulombic efficiency 77.52%. This work establishes robust foundation both the rational design anodes high-value utilization in energy storage applications.

Source

Silicon (Si) anodes hold exceptional promise for highenergydensity lithiumion batteries (LIBs) due to their ultrahigh theoretical capacity (~4200 mAh g). However, commercialization is severely hindered by the significant volume expansion (~300%) and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Conventional SEI, predominantly composed of organic species, suffers from low ionic conductivity, electronic insulation poor mechanical robustness, leading rapid decay. Herein, we propose an interface engineering strategy decorating Si nanoparticles with insitu conversed MgF layer (with coating integrity 94.6%). During initial lithiation, applied into SEI film high better adaptability. The prepared Si@MgF1 anode achieves a coulombic efficiency (91.7%), superior rate capability (2000 g at 10 C), remarkable cycling stability (1794.9 g1 after 500 cycles). Fullcell based on NCM811 cathode further validate practicality this approach. robust conversion construction mechanically adaptive LiFrich holds advancement durable siliconbased LIBs.

Source

Negative electrode design for lithium batteries with silicon-based anodes that improves cycle life and performance compared to pure silicon electrodes. The negative electrode has a specific ratio of particle sizes for silicon and carbon materials, and a porosity range. The silicon-carbon particle size ratio is 2-8. This allows the carbon to accommodate silicon volume expansion without degradation. The 48-62% porosity provides enough space for the silicon expansion. This prevents cracks and damage while maintaining electrical contact.

Source

Anode material for lithium-ion batteries that reduces volume expansion and improves cycle life. The anode material contains a silicon core coated with a carbon layer. The silicon core has silicon oxide and lithium silicate. The carbon coating isolates the core from the electrolyte, preventing loss of active silicon/lithium. The coating composition and thickness can be tuned for optimal electrolyte interface and charge transfer.

Source

Anode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved initial efficiency and cycle life. The anode contains silicon with lithium silicates. The silicon-based active substance is prepared by modifying the silicon oxide surface to increase lithiation sites. This involves treating the silicon oxide with acid to create defects, followed by prelithiation in the presence of a reducing lithium compound. The modified silicon oxide is then mixed and dispersed before prelithiation. This balances lithium, silicon, and lithium silicate content to avoid excessive silicon expansion. The modified silicon oxide provides stable lithiation, preventing erosion of binders and improving cycle life.

Source

Highly porous silicon composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries that have improved cycle life and capacity retention compared to conventional silicon anodes. The composite contains nanoscale silicon and carbon with a weight ratio of 75:25 to 99:1 silicon:carbon. The high silicon content allows for high capacity, while the carbon network provides structure and conductivity. The composites have a volume fraction of porosity between 20-70% to accommodate silicon expansion. Sealing the composites with a thin carbon coating prevents electrolyte reaction.

Source

Silicon-carbon composite for lithium-ion batteries with improved capacity and cycle life compared to traditional silicon anodes. The composite contains silicon particles coated with a thin carbon layer. The carbon coating suppresses volume expansion during charging/discharging. The carbon-coated silicon has a specific molar ratio of oxygen to silicon (O/Si) of 0.01-0.45. This ratio enables high discharge capacity and initial efficiency. The composite structure also has a core-shell structure with a thin carbon shell.

Source

Blend electrodes are used in lithiumion batteries to increase the performance by combining two active materials, such as silicon (Si) or oxide (SiOx) and graphite (Gr) for negative electrode. Indepth knowledge of complex interactions between materials is essential understand how inhomogeneities local peaks intercalation current arise they can be prevented. This work presents a spatially resolved transmission line model developed describe electrochemical behavior blend electrodes. Parameterization validation carried out Gr/SiOx anode. Simulation results investigate states during lithiation at different Crates. A special focus put on stress indicators precursors accelerated aging like materialspecific Crates spatial gradients degree lithiation. Thus, modeling approach tool both description properties simulationbased balancing materials capacities within

Source

Nanostructured materials for improved lithium-ion battery anodes. The materials are carbon-comprising, silicon-based nanostructures like nanowires, nanoparticles, or nanostructures on a carbon substrate. These nanostructures have desirable properties like high capacity, fast charging, and cycling stability compared to bulk silicon. They can be added to battery slurries at low weight percentages to replace some graphite. The nanostructures can also have carbon coatings to further enhance performance. The nanostructures are suitable for high aspect ratio silicon nanowires with diameters below 500 nm and lengths below 50 microns.

Source

Anode for lithium secondary batteries with improved capacity and stability. The anode has an active material layer with a specific Raman R1 value range measured under a specific focus level. This range suppresses side reactions and expansion/contraction of silicon-based active materials, providing uniform high capacity throughout the anode.

Source

Anode active material for lithium-ion batteries that improves battery life by reducing volume expansion and cracking during cycling. The anode active material consists of composite particles with a silicon-containing coating on carbon-based particles. The composite particles have an equivalent porosity of 5-25% to alleviate volume expansion of the silicon. The porosity is calculated based on the weight ratio of silicon, the specific volume of pore space, and the density of the composite particles.

Source

Anode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycling stability and reduced volume expansion during charge/discharge cycles. The anode material comprises an anode with secondary particles made of agglomerated primary particles containing a silicon-based active material doped with iron and nickel. The iron:nickel ratio is 9.2-20. The co-doping of iron and nickel strengthens the primary particle structure, reducing volume expansion during cycling and improving anode stability compared to undoped silicon.

Source

Battery cells with improved performance and reduced flammability compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. The cells use semi-solid state electrolytes and anode electrodes with oxysulfide solid-state electrolytes. The oxysulfide electrolyte contains lithium, phosphorus, sulfur, and oxygen compounds. This allows using silicon as the anode active material instead of graphite. The oxysulfide electrolyte improves ion transport and kinetics in the silicon anode compared to traditional liquid electrolytes. It also allows higher capacity compared to conventional lithium-ion silicon anodes. The cells can further have lithium-sulfur cathodes, solvate ionic liquid electrolytes, and hydrogenated nitrile rubber binders for improved performance and reduced flammability.

Source

Abstract Silicon suboxide (SiO x , 0 &lt; 2) is an appealing anode material to replace traditional graphite owing its much higher theoretical specific capacity enabling higher-energy-density lithium batteries. Nevertheless, the huge volume change and rapid decay of SiO electrodes during cycling pose challenges their large-scale practical applications. To eliminate this bottleneck, a dragonfly wing microstructure-inspired polymer electrolyte (denoted as PPM-PE) developed based on in-situ polymerization bicyclic phosphate ester- urethane motif-containing monomer methyl methacrylate in liquid electrolyte. PPM-PE delivers excellent mechanical properties, highly correlated with formation micro-phase separation structure similar wings. By virtue superior properties solidified preparation method, can form 3D network buffer against stress within electrode particles gap, suppressed expansion more stabilized solid interface along evidently decreased decomposition. Resultantly, shows significant improvements both rate performance button soft package batteries -based electrodes, compared counter... Read More

Source

Electrode design for high capacity lithium-ion batteries with improved kinetics using silicon-graphite composite electrodes. The electrodes have a specific structure with controlled pore distribution to balance capacity and kinetics. The structure has a silicon-rich active layer with a porosity level that allows enough electrolyte infiltration without excessive capacity loss. The layer contains penetrating pores connecting to the current collector. This allows electrolyte from both sides to quickly access the active layer. The pores also have a depth-thickness ratio in a specific range. The controlled pore structure improves the kinetics of the silicon-rich electrode without compromising capacity.

Source

A negative electrode composition for lithium-ion batteries that prevents volume expansion during charging and discharging while maintaining high capacity. The composition comprises a silicon-based active material, a conductive material, and a binder. The silicon-based material is a high-capacity compound with a controlled grain size distribution, while the conductive material includes single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The binder is optimized for the silicon-based material, with a specific content ratio that balances binder performance with the material's inherent properties. This composition enables the silicon-based material to maintain its structural integrity during charging and discharging while preventing the rapid expansion that can lead to structural damage.

Source

Silicon-dominant lithium-ion batteries with controlled lithiation of the silicon anode to improve cycle life and performance. The silicon anode is lithiated to a level above a minimum threshold after discharge, preventing capacity fade and electrode degradation. The post-discharge lithiation level is configured by factors like discharge voltage and prelithiation. This targeted lithiation range balances between avoiding excessive expansion/contraction of the silicon and maintaining enough lithium to stabilize the electrolyte interface.

Source

Lithium secondary battery with improved thermal stability and high energy density through a novel combination of olivine-based positive electrode and silicon-based negative electrode materials. The battery features a layered olivine-based positive electrode with a nickel content, combined with a silicon-based negative electrode containing a specific ratio of olivine to silicon. The olivine-based positive electrode provides stability during high-voltage charging, while the silicon-based negative electrode offers enhanced thermal stability through its inherent properties. The battery achieves high energy density and fast charging while maintaining excellent thermal stability, making it suitable for applications requiring both high capacity and thermal resilience.

Source

Secondary battery with improved energy density, cycling performance, and dynamic performance. The battery uses a specially formulated negative electrode film. The film has two regions: a top region with a carbon material having pores, and a bottom region with graphite. This pore structure allows volume expansion during charging without particle breakage. A silicon-based material can also be added to further enhance performance. The film compaction density can be high while still having low thickness expansion. This improves energy density and reduces cycling degradation. The film also has good ion and electron transport for improved dynamic performance.

Source

An original synthesis route has been developed to optimize silicon's utility in replacing graphite as anode material Liion batteries. This involves blending silicon with aluminium enhance its conductivity. The siliconaluminium is codeposited on a nanoporous titanium dioxide nanotube matrix, which serves an active current collector, thereby eliminating the need for inactive binders and ensuring robust mechanical stability during cycling. nanostructured negative electrode fabricated through two electrochemical steps: first, anodization of foil, followed by coelectrodeposition using room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte. enables insitu integration into deposit. resulting SiAl/TiO2 nanocomposite exhibits improved cyclic enhanced rate capability. observed enhancement battery performance underscores significance this process fabricating such composite electrodes.

Source

Abstract The addition of silicon to graphite electrodes generally enhances energy density but shortens cycle life due the volume changes during (de-)lithiation. To balance these effects, commercial cells incorporate small amounts. This study investigates physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties three cylindrical lithium-ion LG INR21700-M50, M50T, M50LT on particle, electrode, cell level. After teardown sample preparation, i. a. energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) investigations reveal differences in cells electrodes: While M50 M50T employ graphite/silicon composite anodes, solely contains as an active material. Despite absence silicon, achieves a comparable cell-level capacity, attributed increased nickel content positive electrode. raises question silicons replaceability, addressed throughout summarized conclusion. also determines electrode 2.43% using five complementary, cross-validated methods. Additional comparisons include open circuit potentials (OCP), particle size distributions, solid diffusion coefficients. characterizes support interpretation rela... Read More

Source

Siliconbased anode materials hold great promise for advancing lithiumion battery technology due to their high specific capacity, low voltage platform, abundant resources, and environmental benefits. However, inherent challenges, such as poor electrical conductivity, significant volume expansion, instability of the solidelectrolyte interphase layer, hinder widespread commercialization. This study addresses these issues using dry particle coating method with nanostructured fumed aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), a novel approach potential commercial scalability. The impact surface wettability on performance is studied by applying metal coatings, hydrophilic hydrophobized surfaces. Electrochemical evaluation shows increase in rate cycle life when applied, improvements discharge capacity around 10% 17% Al respectively, after 100 cycles. protects active material, preventing pulverization, reducing side reactions, decreasing electrolyte decomposition hydrofluoric acid content. While overall improves coating, best results are achieved which fosters more homogeneous microstructured electr... Read More

Source

The huge volume changes of silicon (Si) anodes during cycling lead to continuous solid electrolyte interphase thickening, mechanical failure, and loss electrical contact, which have become key bottlenecks limiting their practical applications. This work presents a trimodal in situ growth strategy for constructing hierarchical carbon nanoarchitecture networks on Si substrates (Si@Gr@CNT). designed "Edge-Surface-Inter" (E-S-I) architecture exhibits three synergistic features: an edge-protruding structure forming vertical conductive channels rapid Li+ transport, surface-entangled providing enhancement, interbridging three-dimensional electron transport networks. Si@Gr@CNT electrode demonstrates 63.2% improvement half-cell rate performance compared with traditional Si@Gr. E-S-I contributes suppressing excessive LiF formation through improved local current distribution, devoted the stable thinner layer. network possesses significant stress regulation effect, provides release space direction lateral buffering surface flexible entanglement. For applications, full cell assembled LiFePO4 cath... Read More

Source

A rechargeable lithium battery with improved cycling performance and capacity retention. The battery uses a unique negative electrode active material composition. It combines rod-shaped artificial graphite with a specific diameter and aspect ratio, along with a silicon-carbon composite. This mixture provides a balance between capacity and cycling stability compared to using just the graphite or just the silicon-carbon composite. The rod-shaped graphite improves cycling stability while the silicon-carbon composite provides capacity.

Source

Method for stabilizing copper-rich silicide phases in a microstructure, such as a silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries, to control phase separation and microstructure formation during annealing. By varying parameters like pulse duration, energy, and substrate preheating/cooling, copper silicide matrices can be formed in the silicon layers with embedded nanoscale silicon regions. This allows high utilization of the silicon for lithium intercalation while maintaining conductivity. The copper silicide matrices can also contain high-temperature, copper-rich phases like Cu7Si and Cu9Si. The nanostructuring can be tuned by cooling rate to modify the morphology and distribution of phases.

Source

Uniformly modified silicon-based composite material for lithium-ion battery negative electrodes that improves cycling stability and rate performance compared to traditional silicon oxide. The material has a composition of SiCxAyOz, with 0<x<20, 0<y<10, and 0<z<10. The modification involves distributing carbon and A elements like Al or B throughout the bulk of the silicon oxide particles instead of just coating the surface. This bulk phase doping improves electronic conductivity inside the particles to mitigate volume expansion and pulverization during cycling.

Source

Lithium-ion battery electrodes with improved cycling stability by dispersing inert elements like hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and chlorine into the silicon-based electrode material. This reduces volume expansion during charging and prevents pulverization. The inert elements are atomically dispersed in the silicon structure during fabrication using a homogenous liquid precursor mixture. The silicon and inert elements are simultaneously extracted and incorporated into the solid electrode structure during reaction. This disperses the inert elements throughout the silicon material instead of forming separate phases.

Source

Solid-state battery with improved anode materials for higher capacity and longer life compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. The battery uses an anode with layers of tin metal and silicon/silicon-based materials instead of the typical composite of silicon particles. This configuration provides better performance because it reduces capacity fade and resistance rise compared to using silicon or tin alone. The tin layer next to the solid electrolyte prevents volume expansion of the silicon layer during charging, which improves cycling stability. The silicon layer between tin layers further reduces expansion. This layered anode structure enables higher capacity silicon utilization compared to composites.

Source