Advances in High-Capacity EV Batteries Research

Carbon-silicon composite for high capacity lithium-ion battery anodes that suppresses volume expansion of silicon during charging/discharging. The composite has a core of carbon and silicon particles with uniform distribution of silicon from center to surface. An amorphous carbon shell surrounds the core. The core structure allows high silicon content and suppresses expansion. The shell prevents excessive volume change. The composite is prepared by mixing carbon and silicon, shearing to disperse silicon in carbon, coating with amorphous carbon, and crystallizing the shell.

Source

Flexible battery design with reduced internal resistance that enables high energy density and reliability for applications like wearables and electric vehicles. The battery has multiple power generation elements stacked on a flexible substrate instead of packaged individually. The positive and negative electrodes are directly connected to each other using conductive sheets instead of packaging. This eliminates external packaging that increases resistance. The direct connections are made using current collectors that are also connected to external terminals. A reaction suppression layer on the positive electrode prevents direct contact with the solid electrolyte and reduces resistance.

Source

All-solid-state battery design that increases capacity while keeping volume constant. The battery has a laminate structure with alternating anode, cathode, and solid electrolyte layers stacked between facing surfaces. Margins are added around the edges of the laminate to provide additional volume. This allows increasing the total battery capacity by adding layers without significantly increasing the overall volume.

Source

Porous metal oxide-based electrochemical energy storage materials with high capacity, high rate, and stability for lithium-ion batteries. The materials have a unique microstructure with hierarchical pores, defects, and single crystal lattice. They contain metal oxides with mixed valence states like Nb, Mo, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, etc. The porous structure with ordered pores and disordered defects improves lithium ion transport and storage. The single crystal lattice provides high electronic conductivity. The mixed valence metals enhance capacity and stability. The materials can be prepared by etching and rearranging precursor oxides in acidic solutions.

Source

Lithium-ion battery with improved energy density for electric vehicles. The battery uses a cathode with a high nickel content mixed metal oxide active material. The cathode has a formulation of LiNixCoyMnzCo1-x-yO2 (x+y=1) with x=0.3-0.4 and y=0.3-0.4. This provides a cathode with high nickel content (0.6-0.8) and high energy density. The battery also uses a carbon-based anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The high nickel cathode allows for higher energy density compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries with lower nickel content cathodes.

Source

High voltage aqueous batteries with reversible capacities of up to 80-100% of their theoretical values. The batteries achieve higher voltages by maintaining different pH levels in the cathode and anode compartments. The cathode electrolyte is acidic or neutral while the anode electrolyte is basic. This allows accessing the full capacity of the cathode active materials like manganese dioxide. The batteries can be constructed with liquid catholyte and gelled anolyte, or both gelled, without separators. The gelling reduces ionic conductivity but compensates with added salts. The gelled electrolytes enable solid-state high voltage aqueous batteries with potentials up to 4V.

Source

Lithium metal oxide-based cathode active material for lithium-ion batteries that improves battery performance and lifespan. The active material consists of lithium transition metal oxide particles with a layer of lithium sulfur compound formed between the particles. This is achieved by mixing the preliminary lithium transition metal oxide particles with a sulfonyl-based compound aqueous solution, then heating to react the lithium and sulfur. The sulfonyl compound removes residual lithium from the particle surfaces, preventing deformation and passivation during battery cycling. It also forms a lithium sulfur compound between particles that improves capacity and cycling stability.

Source

A low-cost method to synthesize single-crystal nickel-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries using flame-assisted spray pyrolysis. The method involves preparing a precursor solution of nickel, manganese, cobalt, and lithium nitrates. The solution is aerosolized into droplets, preheated, and passed through a flame to decompose into solid particles. The particles are then calcined at controlled temperatures and times to form the single-crystal cathode material. By adjusting the calcination conditions, the crystal size and structure can be tuned. Adding excess lithium nitrate to the precursor helps control the crystallization. The flame-assisted spray pyrolysis allows simplified, scalable synthesis of single-crystal cathode materials compared to traditional methods.

Source

Solid-state lithium-ion batteries with improved performance, safety, and reliability through optimized battery component design and manufacturing techniques. The batteries have solid electrodes instead of the liquid electrolyte used in conventional lithium-ion batteries. The solid electrodes are manufactured using electric field-driven techniques like electrospinning to enable optimized lithium ion transport. The batteries also use solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes. This avoids the safety issues of flammable liquid electrolytes. The solid-state design allows for higher energy density, faster charging, and eliminates the risk of explosion or fire.

Source

Fluorinated lithium-rich and manganese-based oxide (LMR) for high capacity, stable lithium-ion battery positive electrodes. The fluorinated LMR has the formula Li1+xMe1−xO2−yFy, where Me is mainly Mn, x is 0-0.33, and y is 0-0.1. The fluorine ions in the crystal structure improve capacity and cycling stability compared to non-fluorinated LMR. The fluorinated LMR can be made by mixing non-fluorinated LMR with a fluorine-containing solution, removing the solvent, and coating the fluorinated LMR onto a substrate to form the electrode.

Source

All-solid-state battery with improved capacity retention without the need for high pressure restraining. The battery uses a specific anode active material, silicon clathrate II type, with a surface area range of 8-17 m2/g. Applying pressure between 0-5 MPa in the layering direction helps prevent volume changes. This allows using lower pressure or no pressure compared to conventional silicon batteries. The silicon clathrate II structure reduces volume expansion during charge/discharge. The optimized surface area improves dispersion to prevent reaction nonuniformity.

Source

Positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved energy density, reduced gas generation, and better cycling performance. The material is single crystal or quasi-single crystal particles with specific particle size distribution. The particles have a narrow size range of 0.3-2 µm, with a lower limit of 0.3 µm to avoid crushing during battery manufacturing, and an upper limit of 2 µm for high compaction density. This size range allows uniform particle packing and prevents crushing during battery assembly. The narrow size range also reduces voids between particles for higher energy density. The single crystal or quasi-single crystal structure prevents excessive lithium and nickel segregation during cycling, improving cycle life. The narrow particle size distribution also reduces internal swelling during charging, further improving battery performance.

Source

Electrode mixture composition and manufacturing method for lithium-ion batteries with reduced resistance and improved capacity. The method involves coating an active material with a liquid containing lithium and niobium, then forming particles with and without the active material. These particles are combined to make the electrode mixture. The particles with active material have a coating layer, while the other particles contain the coating components. This prevents granulation and allows faster coating compared to using the active material liquid directly. The coating layer contains lithium niobate. The composite coating reduces resistance and improves capacity compared to pure lithium coatings.

Source

High-power Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) rely on highly ionically and electronically conductive cathode active materials (CAMs). While oxospinels meet these criteria are therefore widely employed in state-of-the-art LIBs, we demonstrate that halospinels offer greatly enhanced transport properties enable the incorporation of earth-abundant transition metals such as iron. Using spinel type Li2-xFeCl4 (02 mA h cm 2) at practical current densities (0.5 over 200 cycles. Our findings position LFC a commercially viable CAM, paving way for cost-effective, high-performance ASSBs.

Source

Abstract Research on the catalytic chemistry of lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) primarily focuses development active sites, with limited attention given to their structural stability. Furthermore, regulating nanostructure catalysts can enhance stability without compromising intrinsic activity. This work presents a covalent organic framework (COF) dual redoxactive sites (CO and CN) large periodic conjugated (denoted as CONCOF). is constructed through molecular engineering mitigate shuttling polysulfides (LiPSs), accelerate conversion, regulate ions (Li + ) dynamics, prevent dendrite formation, maintain during cycling. Subsequently, CONCOF in situ grown carbon nanotubes enhances electrical conductivity further improves combination significantly boosts performance LSBs, achieving remarkable decay rate 0.021% over 1000 cycles, along an areal capacity 8.3 mAh cm 2 under lean electrolyte conditions. pouch cells incorporating this configuration demonstrate exceptional longterm stability, maintaining 200 cycles. strategy addresses limitations traditional catalyst de... Read More

Source

A thin-film all-solid-state battery with improved safety and capacity compared to liquid electrolyte batteries. The battery has multiple thin films stacked in series to release, transport, and accumulate lithium ions. The films expand/contract during charging to maintain overall thickness. The films contain lithium-releasing, lithium-transporting, and lithium-accumulating layers. This prevents thickness changes and deformation. The films can contain silicon and oxygen to expand/contract during charging.

Source

High capacity lithium-rich manganese oxide cathode compositions for lithium-ion batteries that have a single phase rock salt crystal structure instead of the typical spinel or layered structures. The compositions have a general formula Li1+xMn1-xO2 where 0 < x <= 0.3. This unique crystal structure provides high capacity, stable cycling, and low cost compared to conventional manganese-rich cathodes. The absence of peaks below 35° in the X-ray diffraction pattern indicates the single phase rock salt structure.

Source

Enhanced Battery Management Systems (BMS) are essential for improving operational efficacy and safety within Electric Vehicles (EVs), especially in tropical climates where traditional systems encounter considerable performance constraints. This research introduces a novel two-tiered deep learning framework that utilizes two-stage Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) precise prediction of battery voltage SoC. The first tier employs LSTM-1 forecasts individual cell voltages across full-scale 120-cell Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) pack using multivariate time-series data, including history, vehicle speed, current, temperature, load metrics, derived from dynamometer testing. Experiments simulate real-world urban driving, with speeds 6 km/h to 40 variations 0, 10, 20%. second uses LSTM-2 SoC estimation, designed handle temperature-dependent fluctuations high-temperature environments. cascade design allows the system capture complex temporal inter-cell dependencies, making it effective under variable-load Empirical validation demonstrates 15% improvement estimation accuracy over methods driving co... Read More

Source

High capacity anode material for rechargeable batteries with improved cycling stability and lower expansion compared to silicon-based materials. The anode comprises composite particles with a porous carbon framework containing deposited silicon. The carbon framework has specific pore structure and loading of silicon to balance properties like strength, capacity, and expansion. This allows higher silicon loadings than oxide hybrids while preventing capacity fade and fracturing. The carbon framework limits expansion and prevents electrolyte decomposition, and the controlled silicon deposition prevents agglomeration. The composite particles have high aspect ratio composite particles with high compressive strength.

Source

Electrolyte solution for lithium-sulfur batteries that improves performance and lifespan. The electrolyte contains a specific fluorinated ether compound with low viscosity. The compound is represented by the formula CFx(CF2)yOzCH2CHxRy, where x, y, and z are defined numbers. This ether improves the battery output characteristics and capacity retention compared to conventional electrolytes. The low viscosity enables better penetration into the sulfur electrode and electrochemical reaction at the interface.

Source