Advances in High-Capacity EV Batteries Research

Carbon-silicon composite for high capacity lithium-ion battery anodes that suppresses volume expansion of silicon during charging/discharging. The composite has a core of carbon and silicon particles with uniform distribution of silicon from center to surface. An amorphous carbon shell surrounds the core. The core structure allows high silicon content and suppresses expansion. The shell prevents excessive volume change. The composite is prepared by mixing carbon and silicon, shearing to disperse silicon in carbon, coating with amorphous carbon, and crystallizing the shell.

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Flexible battery design with reduced internal resistance that enables high energy density and reliability for applications like wearables and electric vehicles. The battery has multiple power generation elements stacked on a flexible substrate instead of packaged individually. The positive and negative electrodes are directly connected to each other using conductive sheets instead of packaging. This eliminates external packaging that increases resistance. The direct connections are made using current collectors that are also connected to external terminals. A reaction suppression layer on the positive electrode prevents direct contact with the solid electrolyte and reduces resistance.

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All-solid-state battery design that increases capacity while keeping volume constant. The battery has a laminate structure with alternating anode, cathode, and solid electrolyte layers stacked between facing surfaces. Margins are added around the edges of the laminate to provide additional volume. This allows increasing the total battery capacity by adding layers without significantly increasing the overall volume.

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Porous metal oxide-based electrochemical energy storage materials with high capacity, high rate, and stability for lithium-ion batteries. The materials have a unique microstructure with hierarchical pores, defects, and single crystal lattice. They contain metal oxides with mixed valence states like Nb, Mo, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, etc. The porous structure with ordered pores and disordered defects improves lithium ion transport and storage. The single crystal lattice provides high electronic conductivity. The mixed valence metals enhance capacity and stability. The materials can be prepared by etching and rearranging precursor oxides in acidic solutions.

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Lithium-ion battery with improved energy density for electric vehicles. The battery uses a cathode with a high nickel content mixed metal oxide active material. The cathode has a formulation of LiNixCoyMnzCo1-x-yO2 (x+y=1) with x=0.3-0.4 and y=0.3-0.4. This provides a cathode with high nickel content (0.6-0.8) and high energy density. The battery also uses a carbon-based anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The high nickel cathode allows for higher energy density compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries with lower nickel content cathodes.

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High voltage aqueous batteries with reversible capacities of up to 80-100% of their theoretical values. The batteries achieve higher voltages by maintaining different pH levels in the cathode and anode compartments. The cathode electrolyte is acidic or neutral while the anode electrolyte is basic. This allows accessing the full capacity of the cathode active materials like manganese dioxide. The batteries can be constructed with liquid catholyte and gelled anolyte, or both gelled, without separators. The gelling reduces ionic conductivity but compensates with added salts. The gelled electrolytes enable solid-state high voltage aqueous batteries with potentials up to 4V.

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Lithium metal oxide-based cathode active material for lithium-ion batteries that improves battery performance and lifespan. The active material consists of lithium transition metal oxide particles with a layer of lithium sulfur compound formed between the particles. This is achieved by mixing the preliminary lithium transition metal oxide particles with a sulfonyl-based compound aqueous solution, then heating to react the lithium and sulfur. The sulfonyl compound removes residual lithium from the particle surfaces, preventing deformation and passivation during battery cycling. It also forms a lithium sulfur compound between particles that improves capacity and cycling stability.

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A low-cost method to synthesize single-crystal nickel-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries using flame-assisted spray pyrolysis. The method involves preparing a precursor solution of nickel, manganese, cobalt, and lithium nitrates. The solution is aerosolized into droplets, preheated, and passed through a flame to decompose into solid particles. The particles are then calcined at controlled temperatures and times to form the single-crystal cathode material. By adjusting the calcination conditions, the crystal size and structure can be tuned. Adding excess lithium nitrate to the precursor helps control the crystallization. The flame-assisted spray pyrolysis allows simplified, scalable synthesis of single-crystal cathode materials compared to traditional methods.

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Solid-state lithium-ion batteries with improved performance, safety, and reliability through optimized battery component design and manufacturing techniques. The batteries have solid electrodes instead of the liquid electrolyte used in conventional lithium-ion batteries. The solid electrodes are manufactured using electric field-driven techniques like electrospinning to enable optimized lithium ion transport. The batteries also use solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes. This avoids the safety issues of flammable liquid electrolytes. The solid-state design allows for higher energy density, faster charging, and eliminates the risk of explosion or fire.

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Fluorinated lithium-rich and manganese-based oxide (LMR) for high capacity, stable lithium-ion battery positive electrodes. The fluorinated LMR has the formula Li1+xMe1−xO2−yFy, where Me is mainly Mn, x is 0-0.33, and y is 0-0.1. The fluorine ions in the crystal structure improve capacity and cycling stability compared to non-fluorinated LMR. The fluorinated LMR can be made by mixing non-fluorinated LMR with a fluorine-containing solution, removing the solvent, and coating the fluorinated LMR onto a substrate to form the electrode.

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All-solid-state battery with improved capacity retention without the need for high pressure restraining. The battery uses a specific anode active material, silicon clathrate II type, with a surface area range of 8-17 m2/g. Applying pressure between 0-5 MPa in the layering direction helps prevent volume changes. This allows using lower pressure or no pressure compared to conventional silicon batteries. The silicon clathrate II structure reduces volume expansion during charge/discharge. The optimized surface area improves dispersion to prevent reaction nonuniformity.

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Positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved energy density, reduced gas generation, and better cycling performance. The material is single crystal or quasi-single crystal particles with specific particle size distribution. The particles have a narrow size range of 0.3-2 µm, with a lower limit of 0.3 µm to avoid crushing during battery manufacturing, and an upper limit of 2 µm for high compaction density. This size range allows uniform particle packing and prevents crushing during battery assembly. The narrow size range also reduces voids between particles for higher energy density. The single crystal or quasi-single crystal structure prevents excessive lithium and nickel segregation during cycling, improving cycle life. The narrow particle size distribution also reduces internal swelling during charging, further improving battery performance.

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Electrode mixture composition and manufacturing method for lithium-ion batteries with reduced resistance and improved capacity. The method involves coating an active material with a liquid containing lithium and niobium, then forming particles with and without the active material. These particles are combined to make the electrode mixture. The particles with active material have a coating layer, while the other particles contain the coating components. This prevents granulation and allows faster coating compared to using the active material liquid directly. The coating layer contains lithium niobate. The composite coating reduces resistance and improves capacity compared to pure lithium coatings.

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High-power Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) rely on highly ionically and electronically conductive cathode active materials (CAMs). While oxospinels meet these criteria are therefore widely employed in state-of-the-art LIBs, we demonstrate that halospinels offer greatly enhanced transport properties enable the incorporation of earth-abundant transition metals such as iron. Using spinel type Li2-xFeCl4 (02 mA h cm 2) at practical current densities (0.5 over 200 cycles. Our findings position LFC a commercially viable CAM, paving way for cost-effective, high-performance ASSBs.

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Abstract Research on the catalytic chemistry of lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) primarily focuses development active sites, with limited attention given to their structural stability. Furthermore, regulating nanostructure catalysts can enhance stability without compromising intrinsic activity. This work presents a covalent organic framework (COF) dual redoxactive sites (CO and CN) large periodic conjugated (denoted as CONCOF). is constructed through molecular engineering mitigate shuttling polysulfides (LiPSs), accelerate conversion, regulate ions (Li + ) dynamics, prevent dendrite formation, maintain during cycling. Subsequently, CONCOF in situ grown carbon nanotubes enhances electrical conductivity further improves combination significantly boosts performance LSBs, achieving remarkable decay rate 0.021% over 1000 cycles, along an areal capacity 8.3 mAh cm 2 under lean electrolyte conditions. pouch cells incorporating this configuration demonstrate exceptional longterm stability, maintaining 200 cycles. strategy addresses limitations traditional catalyst de... Read More

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A thin-film all-solid-state battery with improved safety and capacity compared to liquid electrolyte batteries. The battery has multiple thin films stacked in series to release, transport, and accumulate lithium ions. The films expand/contract during charging to maintain overall thickness. The films contain lithium-releasing, lithium-transporting, and lithium-accumulating layers. This prevents thickness changes and deformation. The films can contain silicon and oxygen to expand/contract during charging.

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High capacity lithium-rich manganese oxide cathode compositions for lithium-ion batteries that have a single phase rock salt crystal structure instead of the typical spinel or layered structures. The compositions have a general formula Li1+xMn1-xO2 where 0 < x <= 0.3. This unique crystal structure provides high capacity, stable cycling, and low cost compared to conventional manganese-rich cathodes. The absence of peaks below 35° in the X-ray diffraction pattern indicates the single phase rock salt structure.

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Enhanced Battery Management Systems (BMS) are essential for improving operational efficacy and safety within Electric Vehicles (EVs), especially in tropical climates where traditional systems encounter considerable performance constraints. This research introduces a novel two-tiered deep learning framework that utilizes two-stage Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) precise prediction of battery voltage SoC. The first tier employs LSTM-1 forecasts individual cell voltages across full-scale 120-cell Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) pack using multivariate time-series data, including history, vehicle speed, current, temperature, load metrics, derived from dynamometer testing. Experiments simulate real-world urban driving, with speeds 6 km/h to 40 variations 0, 10, 20%. second uses LSTM-2 SoC estimation, designed handle temperature-dependent fluctuations high-temperature environments. cascade design allows the system capture complex temporal inter-cell dependencies, making it effective under variable-load Empirical validation demonstrates 15% improvement estimation accuracy over methods driving co... Read More

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High capacity anode material for rechargeable batteries with improved cycling stability and lower expansion compared to silicon-based materials. The anode comprises composite particles with a porous carbon framework containing deposited silicon. The carbon framework has specific pore structure and loading of silicon to balance properties like strength, capacity, and expansion. This allows higher silicon loadings than oxide hybrids while preventing capacity fade and fracturing. The carbon framework limits expansion and prevents electrolyte decomposition, and the controlled silicon deposition prevents agglomeration. The composite particles have high aspect ratio composite particles with high compressive strength.

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Electrolyte solution for lithium-sulfur batteries that improves performance and lifespan. The electrolyte contains a specific fluorinated ether compound with low viscosity. The compound is represented by the formula CFx(CF2)yOzCH2CHxRy, where x, y, and z are defined numbers. This ether improves the battery output characteristics and capacity retention compared to conventional electrolytes. The low viscosity enables better penetration into the sulfur electrode and electrochemical reaction at the interface.

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Lithium secondary battery anode with improved capacity and cycle life for high performance batteries like electric vehicles. The anode contains a silicon-based active material doped with magnesium, along with carbon. The magnesium-doped silicon reduces volume expansion during charging/discharging compared to undoped silicon. This prevents cracks and improves cycle life. The carbon provides electrical conductivity. By adjusting the silicon and carbon contents, rapid charge, room temperature, and high temperature cycle life can be optimized.

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This study advances anode-free lithium-metal batteries (AFLMBs) by integrating nickel-rich NMC90 cathodes and fluorine-rich electrolytes in large-format 18650 cylindrical cells. A key innovation is the incorporation of 10 wt % Li-rich Li2NiO2 as a prelithiation agent cathode, which mitigates initial lithium-loss improves Coulombic efficiency. The electrolyte includes 30% (v/v) fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) cosolvent, suppresses inactive lithium deposition stabilizes solid interphase (SEI). Unlike conventional AFLMBs that require external pressure, this work uses stainless-steel casing with tailored jelly roll configuration to mechanically regulate plating. optimized cells deliver an energy density 320 Wh/kg, maintain stable cycling over 140 cycles, support 4C-rate operation. Post-mortem analysis reveals LiF-rich SEI extends cycle life, while operando X-ray diffraction provides insights into structural evolution. research offers scalable strategy for high-energy through synergy prelithiation, design, mechanical stabilization.

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The performance of lithium metal batteries is significantly affected by temperature variations, which makes it challenging for them to operate across a wide range. Herein, widetemperature adaption electrolyte proposed, enabling excellent electrochemical from 40 C 60 C. Large, 5.8 Ah pouch cells employing such an achieve high energy density 503.3 Wh kg1 at 25 with lifespan 260 cycles and outstanding 339 critical role the solid interphase (SEI) in determining temperaturedependent unveiled. It demonstrated that LiFrich, anionderived SEI facilitates Li+ diffusion SEI. Moreover, accelerated desolvation observed. These two aspects promote kinetics anodes further inhibit dendrite growth low temperatures. This work showcases importance understating chemistry enable batteries.

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Nanostructured materials for improved lithium-ion battery anodes. The materials are carbon-comprising, silicon-based nanostructures like nanowires, nanoparticles, or nanostructures on a carbon substrate. These nanostructures have desirable properties like high capacity, fast charging, and cycling stability compared to bulk silicon. They can be added to battery slurries at low weight percentages to replace some graphite. The nanostructures can also have carbon coatings to further enhance performance. The nanostructures are suitable for high aspect ratio silicon nanowires with diameters below 500 nm and lengths below 50 microns.

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Method to produce high capacity and high output lithium-ion battery cathodes using lithium-nickel oxide. The method involves mixing lithium-nickel oxide with tungsten oxide powder at moderate temperatures (30-65°C) while adding enough water to disperse the tungsten. This creates a tungsten-coated lithium-nickel oxide powder. Heat treating this powder forms lithium-tungsten compounds on the lithium-nickel oxide surface. This tungsten coating improves battery capacity and reduces resistance compared to uncoated lithium-nickel oxide.

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Battery electrode plate design for improved lithium-ion battery performance by controlling pore distribution. The electrode plate has a specific ratio of pore sizes in the active material and solid electrolyte particles. The active material pores are larger and fewer, while the solid electrolyte has smaller pores. This reduces closed holes and allows more effective lithium-ion transport paths. The electrode plate composition has a solid electrolyte mass fraction of 0.3-5% and matching particle sizes with the active material.

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Anode material and battery with improved cycling stability, capacity, and expansion for lithium-ion batteries. The anode material has controlled crystallization instability to reduce grain boundary energy, stress concentration, and expansion. It involves a two-step sintering process followed by carbon coating. The first sintering reduces grain size by limiting growth. The second sintering disproportionates silicon oxide to further reduce grain size. Carbon coating fills pores and surfaces to improve conductivity and relieve expansion. The controlled crystallization instability degree of 0.01-500 improves cycling performance.

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Electrolytes for metal-ion batteries like lithium-ion batteries that improve stability and performance of high capacity electrodes like silicon anodes. The electrolytes contain additives like iodine, iodine-containing salts, and fluorosilicates to enhance solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) stability and Coulombic efficiency (CE). These additives reduce solvent permeation, improve mechanical properties, and facilitate lithium transport through the SEI. They also reduce dendrite growth on lithium metal anodes. The electrolytes can contain multiple salts like lithium salts, alkaline earth salts, and fluorosilicates. The total concentration of additives is optimized for performance.

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Manufacturing lithium secondary batteries with enhanced capacity retention and reduced gas generation through controlled activation. The method employs constant current charging until the charge cut-off voltage, followed by constant voltage charging. This approach prevents premature activation of the lithium-rich manganese-based oxide (LiMn2O3) phase during activation, which typically leads to abnormal capacity behavior and gas generation. The activation process is performed under pressurization conditions to minimize non-activated Li2MnO3 phase formation and prevent lithium precipitation.

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Layout of a battery system in an electric vehicle to increase storage capacity without sacrificing space inside the main cabin. The vehicle has two battery housings, one on each side of the vehicle, that overlap and are offset in the front-rear direction. This allows more batteries to be housed outside the cabin compared to just having a single battery pack under the seat. It also provides some visual benefits by improving forward visibility for the driver due to the front-rear offset and angled upper housing.

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Rechargeable lithium battery with improved cycle life and capacity by using a specific composition of particle sizes in the positive electrode. The electrode contains small 1-8 um monolithic particles and larger 10-20 um secondary particles, both containing nickel-based lithium oxide. This mixture with a density over 3.4 g/cc has an X-ray diffraction peak intensity ratio over 3. It provides high capacity and cycle life by reducing side reactions, improving efficiency and temperature stability.

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Silicon carbon composite for high-performance negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. The composite has a specific ratio of peak intensities in a 29Si NMR spectrum. The ratio is 1.3-4, where peaks A, B, and C represent chemical shifts of 20-15 ppm, -20 to -100 ppm, and -110 to -140 ppm, respectively. The composite is formed by heat treating silicon oxide, etching, pulverizing, and reacting with carbon. This composition provides improved capacity, efficiency, and water-based processability compared to silicon-carbon composites without the specific NMR peak ratio.

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Battery architecture for long duration energy storage (LODES) applications that allows operation at high capacity and low self-discharge rates. The batteries have open cell designs where the electrolyte separates the metal and air electrodes. This prevents direct contact between the metal and oxygen in sealed batteries. The electrolyte also has low oxygen solubility and carbonate levels. This prevents parasitic discharge of the metal electrode and oxygen barrier. The metal electrode can be submerged or removed from the electrolyte using pumps, bladders, or lifts to balance capacity and self-discharge.

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A rechargeable lithium battery with improved cycling performance and capacity retention. The battery uses a unique negative electrode active material composition. It combines rod-shaped artificial graphite with a specific diameter and aspect ratio, along with a silicon-carbon composite. This mixture provides a balance between capacity and cycling stability compared to using just the graphite or just the silicon-carbon composite. The rod-shaped graphite improves cycling stability while the silicon-carbon composite provides capacity.

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Electric vehicle structure that increases range by maximizing battery capacity while minimizing weight and maintaining crashworthiness. The structure uses integrated battery modules and cross members to pack more batteries without adding much body weight. The design involves side sills, a floor panel, a battery tray, an integrated-battery front cross member, and a dash cross member. The integrated-battery front cross member connects the battery tray and front of the floor panel to form a continuous frame. This allows stacking more batteries in the tray without increasing body weight. The dash cross member connects the floor and front of the integrated-battery member. This provides crash protection while enabling more batteries in the front. The integrated battery frame and cross members distribute forces to the body and side sills, allowing more battery capacity.

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Battery packs for metal-air batteries that enable higher voltage and capacity through dynamic switching between series and parallel configurations. The pack comprises air channels, electrolyte channels, and electronic circuitry to manage the battery cells. The circuitry dynamically switches between series and parallel connections for the individual cells, enabling voltage increases while maintaining capacity. The pack also incorporates air intake and output systems to maintain ambient oxygen levels. This configuration allows for battery packs with multiple voltage levels, enabling applications beyond simple battery packs.

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Carbonaceous material, production method, electrode active material, electrode, and electrochemical device for high performance electrochemical devices like batteries and capacitors. The carbonaceous material has a specific surface area of 1550-2500 m2/g, oxygen/hydrogen content of 1.00-2.10 mg/m2, and electrical conductivity of 10-15 S/cm. The production involves heating the precursor to 330°C under oxygen, then cooling under inert gas to reduce surface oxygen. This prevents pore shrinkage while reducing intra-skeletal oxygen. The final heat treatment under oxygen is critical, followed by cooling under inert gas. The resulting carbon has high capacitance, gas suppression, and durability.

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A layout for an electrical power supply system in a vehicle that increases battery capacity without taking up more space inside the vehicle. The layout involves having separate battery housings, one on each side of the vehicle, that partially overlap. This allows multiple battery modules in each housing to be arranged in groups. By having separate housings that can be spaced apart, it's possible to fit more battery capacity compared to if all the batteries had to be inside the main vehicle body.

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In-vehicle electric power storage system with parallel coupled high-capacity and high-output batteries, allowing stable battery outputting. The high-capacity battery set has higher capacity but lower output than the high-output set. When the high-capacity battery voltage drops close to a threshold, it is disconnected and the high-output battery continues powering. This prevents sudden output drops when switching between batteries.

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Method to produce partially reacted silicon layers for lithium batteries with controlled lithium intercalation capacity. The method involves depositing a thin layer of silicon on a substrate, followed by accelerated annealing to partially react the silicon with the substrate metal. This process is repeated multiple times to build up a multi-stratum structure of partially reacted silicon. By controlling the annealing conditions and adding metal to each layer, the resulting anode has a gradual transition from silicon to silicide with high capacity silicon near the surface and stable adhesion near the substrate.

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Battery module design that allows increasing battery capacity without significantly increasing height. The module has two cell sets stacked back-to-back, with poles extending laterally. A central connector assembly (CCS) runs around the perimeter of the cell sets, extending in the stacking direction. It connects the cells electrically, allows temperature and voltage monitoring, and replaces the need for stacking more cells vertically. This reduces height compared to stacking more cells.

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A lithium-ion battery electrode material with enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness. The material is a lithiated spinel-layered composite with a specific capacity of 200Ah, high cycle stability, and low cost. The material achieves these properties through a novel spinel structure with optimized lattice parameters and a tailored composition. The spinel structure enables improved electrochemical performance, while the precise composition and processing conditions enable significant cost reductions. The material's performance is validated through specific capacity retention, rate capacity, and voltage stability tests, demonstrating superior capacity retention compared to conventional materials.

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Positive electrode for a solid-state battery with high energy density and low internal resistance. The positive electrode has a composition and structure that allows it to provide high capacity and output while suppressing internal resistance. The positive electrode active material is a lithium-rich nickel-rich oxide like LiNi1-x-yMxO2. This high-Ni oxide improves cycle stability and energy density. The electrode also uses a thin positive electrode active material layer, a binder with low particle size, and a solid electrolyte with high lithium ion conductivity. These factors reduce the internal resistance while maintaining high energy density.

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Preparing high-performance negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries that improves initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and cycle life compared to conventional silicon-based materials. The method involves coating a pitch binder on spherical silicon-carbon composite particles. The silicon particles are first mixed with an organic resin and dried to form spherical powders. Then, a pitch solution is applied and the particles are carbonized. This uniformly and densely coats the pitch on the silicon surface, preventing volume expansion and structural destruction during cycling. The pitch-coated silicon-carbon composite has better initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and cycle life compared to uncoated silicon composites.

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Anode-free rechargeable lithium battery design for electric vehicles that avoids the safety and cost issues of traditional anode materials. The battery uses an "anode-free" cell configuration where the anode is eliminated and replaced with a pre-lithiated cathode material that provides lithium ions. The cathode material is a lithiated spinel oxide like Li1+xMn2O4. The negative electrode has a current collector but no active material. The non-flammable electrolyte conducts lithium ions between the electrodes. This allows higher capacity, lower cost, and safer batteries for electric vehicles compared to conventional lithium-ion cells with graphite anodes.

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Layout of an electrical power supply system for a vehicle that increases the storage capacity of batteries compared to conventional designs. The vehicle has multiple separate battery housings, some of which overlap, located in different positions in the vehicle body. This allows maximizing the battery capacity without sacrificing space for other components. The overlapping housings share some volume to further optimize utilization. The layout improves battery capacity compared to a single enclosure between the front wheels, which is limited by wheel turn radius. The separate housings can also be spaced apart for better cooling and easier access.

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Graphite-based lithium-ion battery electrodes with enhanced capacity retention through controlled volume changes during charge/discharge cycles. The electrodes contain silicon and/or other high-capacity materials with atomically dispersed inert elements, such as carbon, oxygen, and halogens, which act as mechanical buffers and support structures during lithiation. The inert elements are chemically dispersed throughout the silicon matrix, forming a single-phase structure that maintains structural integrity and prevents pulverization during cycling. This approach enables the integration of high-capacity materials into electrodes while preserving the integrity of the electrode layers.

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Solid-state battery with improved anode materials for higher capacity and longer life compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. The battery uses an anode with layers of tin metal and silicon/silicon-based materials instead of the typical composite of silicon particles. This configuration provides better performance because it reduces capacity fade and resistance rise compared to using silicon or tin alone. The tin layer next to the solid electrolyte prevents volume expansion of the silicon layer during charging, which improves cycling stability. The silicon layer between tin layers further reduces expansion. This layered anode structure enables higher capacity silicon utilization compared to composites.

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A method to improve the performance of lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries through a novel precursor synthesis approach. The precursor, comprising a manganese carbonate precursor with a trace amount of sodium, enables the formation of high-performance lithium-rich manganese-based cathodes while maintaining structural stability. The precursor's unique composition enables the creation of a complete carbonate crystal structure, which is essential for the material's high energy density and stability. The synthesis process ensures consistent peak positions in XRD patterns, indicating a precise control over the material's crystal structure. This approach addresses the conventional limitations of lithium-rich manganese-based cathodes by providing a reliable precursor for industrial-scale production.

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Cathode material for lithium-ion batteries that addresses performance and thermal stability challenges through optimized composition and microstructure. The material exhibits a specific grain diameter range (700 nm to 1200 nm) and a characteristic XRD residual stress within 0.01 to 0.15, enabling enhanced electrochemical performance and thermal stability. The material's average diameter is constrained between 1.4 and 2.5 times the grain diameter, while the cobalt content is maintained within 55-75 wt% with nickel content between 0-4 wt%. This composition balances single-crystal particle size and adhesion, preventing cracking and pulverization during cycling while maintaining high lithium-ion transmission capacity.

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