Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for EV Batteries

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained considerable attention as promising cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) because of their tunable interlayer architecture and rich active sites Zn2+ storage. However, unmodified TMDs face significant challenges, including limited redox activity, sluggish kinetics, insufficient structural stability during cycling. These limitations are primarily attributed to narrow spacing, strong electrostatic interactions, the large ionic hydration radius, high binding energy ions. To address these restrictions, an in situ organic polyaniline (PANI) intercalation strategy is proposed construct molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based with extended layer thereby improving zinc storage capabilities. The PANI effectively enhances interplanar spacing MoS2 from 0.63 nm 0.98 nm, significantly facilitating rapid diffusion. Additionally, -conjugated electron structure introduced by shields interaction between ions host, promoting diffusion kinetics. Furthermore, also serves a stabilizer, maintaining integrity layers Zn-ion insertion/extracti... Read More

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The thermodynamic stability and mixing behavior of the MoS-WS system were investigated using a cluster expansion model constructed from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. alloy approach enabled efficient sampling atomic configurations, overcoming computational limitations direct DFT accuracy was validated against additional calculations, achieving root-mean-squared error close to 1.0 10 eV/atom R2 = 0.74. energy landscape analyzed determine existence ordered ground-state structures assess solid solutions. results indicate that forms stable solution across full compositional range, with specific ordering tendencies at broad range intermediate concentrations tungsten, XW 0.33 0.66. convex hull suggests multitude ground states in this patterns single solute atom residing hexagon solvent atoms within layer. Generally small values imply dominant role entropy synthesis temperatures. findings provide insight into factors governing transition metal dichalcogenide solutions, contributing rational design materials based on them.

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Transition metal dichalcogenides, especially molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), exhibit exceptional properties that make them suitable for a wide range of applications. However, the interaction between MoS2 and technologically relevant substrates, such as platinum (Pt) electrodes, can significantly influence its properties. This study investigates growth thin films on Pt substrates using ionized jet deposition, versatile, low-cost vacuum deposition technique. We explore effects roughness self-heating during chemical composition, structure, strain films. By optimizing system to achieve crystalline at room temperature, we compare as-deposited annealed The results reveal are initially amorphous conform substrate roughness, but is reached when sample holder sufficiently heated by plasma. Further post-annealing 270 C enhances crystallinity reduces sulfur-related defects. also identify change in MoS2Pt interface properties, with reduction PtS interactions after annealing. Our findings contribute understanding provide insights MoS2-based devices catalysis electronics.

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Abstract In the present work, we prepared porous carbon nanosphere from a biomass precursor (CNS) and made composite of CNS with MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) in various ratios. All CNS:Mxene composites were electrochemical evaluated threeelectrode system 3M KOH electrolyte solution techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic chargedischarge (GCD), impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The 6:4 CNS:Ti MX ratio was found to exhibit excellent performance higher specific capacitance 527.5 Fg 1 at current density 0.25 Ag . A symmetric device study carried out S4RSS316 type Swagelok cell. exhibited maximum 45.0 , power 2500 Wkg very low energy 6.25 Wh Kg Thus, CNS/Ti combined electrical conductivity MXene, nature significant surface area CNS, which improved wettability implying potential CNS:MXene for enhanced storage.

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<title>Abstract</title> The MoS2/NC composite is synthesized successfully by electrospinning combined with calcination. expected compounds are characterized X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission microscope (TEM) techniques. MoS2 carbon doped nitrogen (NC) principal component in the (MoS2/NC). took on morphology of nanofibers exhibited outstanding electrochemical performances as novel anode material. optimum synthesis conditions for were presented this work. When load current density was 0.1 A g-1, capacity can maintain high 827 mAhg-1 after 200 cycles. increased to 1 g 1, its 554 mAhg1 500 typical composition not only owned reversible but also good rate performance, Therefore, it promising material lithium ion battery application.

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Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is an increasingly investigated two-dimensional electrode material for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Strategies to increase its interlayer spacing are emerging have been shown improve ion intercalation capacity kinetics. This work explores covalent thiol functionalization controlling MoS2 spacing. Using a hydrothermal bottom-up synthesis, dithiolated molecules can be directly incorporated into the lattice act as pillars. comprehensive combination of experiments simulation, we investigate influence dithiol pillar loading on structure, pillar-host interaction electrochemistry. Our results reveal clustering pillars at low loading, leading inhomogeneous expansion. At high formation defective bonding configurations with excess sulfur observed. Interlayer expansion leads increased Li+ maximum 1.43 per MoS2. However, dithiols occupy sites impede transport within space, unfavorable performance loading. underlines importance carefully adjusting density nanoconfined space. Overall, comprehensively analyzes transition metal dichalcogenide-based mater... Read More

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Abstract Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) is a high theoretical capacity (670 mAh g 1 electrode material. However, several researchers report that rechargeable batteries using MoS often exhibit discharge of 1000 exceeds the capacity. Although various speculations are proposed, only limited number reports have provided practical evidence. One reason cleaning process electrolyte essential for spectroscopically analyzing electrodes used battery with liquid electrolyte. On other hand, allsolidstate make it possible to analyze without washing processes. In this study, dispersion in solidstate successfully fabricated by onepot onestep liquidphase mixing methods, which realize exfoliating , synthesizing solid electrolytes, and compositing conductive agents single step. Furthermore, extra investigated exceed Xray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis treatment. The underpotentially deposited lithium metal observed onto metallic molybdenum generated conversion reaction during discharging clarified play an important role exceeding electrode.

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Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (LTMDs) are considered promising materials for supercapacitors (SCs) and lithiumion batteries (LIBs) because of their unique layered architecture, which offers an enormous surface area fast ion movement, makes them potential candidates high-performance electrodes in these devices. Nevertheless, inherent challenges exist, including poor electrical conductivity, frequent large-volume expansions slow ionic diffusion rates, that restrict application advanced energy storage applications. Therefore, various methods have been applied to overcome the numerous innovative approaches employed fabricate high-quality electrode SCs LIBs. This brief review is focused on difficulties encountered by LIBs explores how 2D TMDs can be able enhance efficiency. also highlighted crystal structures synthesis used develop LTMD Furthermore, applications TMD-based nanomaterials storage, specifically LIBs, described. Finally, current future research directions this field proposed.

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ABSTRACT With the increasing demand for highperformance energy storage devices, alternative anode materials with high density and operational voltage is becoming urgent. Twodimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures gained popularity due to their large surface area adjustable interlayer spacing. In this work, we have employed firstprinciples calculations compare structural, electronic, adsorption, electrochemical properties of O S functionalized Ti 2 CY /graphene (Y = O, S) vdW heterostructures. The optimized heterostructure formed by MXene graphene layers are separated 3.04 3.40 , respectively, giving binding per atom as 0.019 0.018 eV. It found that intercalation lithium (Li) atoms in between /Graphene thermodynamically more favorable comparison on top or below Bader charge transfer analysis confirms gain less 0.13 e during Li compared 0.47 larger size 3p orbital atoms. Each contributes ~0.880.89 process. diffusion barrier lower CS (0.27, 0.22, 0.12, 0.18 eV) than CO (0.45, 0.40, 0.34, 0.28 when + nLi, n 1, 2, 3, 17, respectively. CINEB study also... Read More

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1D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanowires (NWs) have attracted attention to act as energy storage and information technology materials, but the TMD NWs are unable directly synthesized rather than hexagonal flakes due habit of in-planar isotropic crystal growth. Herein, topological phase transformation is proposed synthesize ultralong high-quality 2H-MoS2 from a surface-to-interior sulfurization isomorphic Mo2S3 NWs. endows structure with [MoS] chains inserted into structure. The harvested MoS2 average in length >150 m diameter 400 nm, electrical conductivity 150 S m-1 much higher reported (10-2 m-1). As sodium-ion battery (SIB) anode, exhibit high capacity 705 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1. retention 85.6% achieved after 9500 cycles 5 g-1, superior any TMD-based SIB anodes. Further in-situ characterizations reveal favorable reversible redox chemistry for NWs, excellent cycling stability stems homogeneous surface stress release during sodiation/desodiation. This work provides an effective strategy preparing electrochemical performance.

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A rechargeable battery that uses aluminum as the anode instead of lithium, along with specific cathode materials and an aluminum-containing electrolyte. The aluminum anode provides higher charge/discharge rates, longer lifespan, and improved safety compared to lithium-ion batteries. The cathode materials are transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2) or oxides (MOz) that intercalate anions. The electrolyte contains aluminum ions that reversibly deposit/dissolve at the aluminum anode and intercalate/deintercalate at the cathode. The aluminum electrolyte avoids the issues of liquid electrolytes like flammability and leakage.

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Structured transition metal dichalcogenide foams for high-performance battery anodes that can withstand excessive volume expansion during cycling. The foams have a hierarchical 3D structure with channels and interconnected cells made of TMD layers. The channels have nanometer-sized internal diameters. The foam anodes provide high capacity, high yield, and dynamic recovery. The foams are made by chemically exfoliating TMD, jetting it onto a substrate, dewetting to form layers, and applying voltage to spray particles between layers.

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High-performance hybrid composite for lithium-ion batteries that has improved capacity and charging speed compared to traditional graphite anodes. The composite is made by coating graphene onto a layer of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) to create a heterostructure. This composite anode has higher capacity and faster charging than pure graphite anodes due to the intercalation reaction between the MoS2 and lithium ions. The MoS2 layer enhances lithium ion intercalation into the graphite. The composite can be manufactured at scale using simple methods without requiring high pressures or temperatures.

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High-energy density all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries with high sulfur loading and improved performance by using a transition metal chalcogenide cathode material with both ionic and electronic conductivity. The cathode material is composed of embedded lithium storage transition metal chalcogenide compounds like Mo6S8, sulfur, and graphene/carbon nanotubes. The chalcogenide provides ionic and electronic conductivity, reducing the need for electrolyte and conductive additives in the cathode. This allows higher sulfur loading and improves energy density compared to conventional cathode materials.

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Protective anode for metal-based batteries like lithium-air, lithium-sulfur, and metal-ion batteries that can significantly improve cycle life without compromising performance. The protective anode is made by discharging and charging a cathode with transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) and an anode with a metal, such as lithium, in an electrolyte with carbon dioxide dissolved. The cycling forms a protective layer on the anode containing Li2CO3. The protective anode can be removed and used in a regular battery with the TMDC cathode and electrolyte, providing improved cycle life compared to regular lithium anodes.

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Anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with high capacity and low electrode potential for improved safety and performance. The anode materials are transition metal dichalcogenides like TiS2 in a few-layer configuration. Few-layer TiS2 has a lower lithiation potential compared to bulk TiS2, making it usable as an anode material in lithium-ion cells. The few-layer structure enables higher capacity and lower potential compared to bulk TiS2, which is limited to cathode use due to high lithiation potential.

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Highly defected nanocrystalline metal dichalcogenides like MoS2 with expanded atomic spacing for pseudocapacitive energy storage. The defected structure provides access to interlayer crystals and facilitates pseudocapacitive charge storage. The nanocrystal electrodes have high power density due to synergy between the nanostructure and composite electrode architecture. The defected nanocrystals can reversibly store high capacities in seconds, cycle thousands of times, and operate at high voltages without crystal destruction.

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A lithium secondary battery with improved discharge capacity, output density, storage stability, and cycle life compared to conventional lithium batteries. The key feature is using a transition metal chalcogen compound as the negative electrode material instead of graphite. These compounds can absorb and release lithium ions like graphite, but at higher potentials. This prevents lithium plating on the negative electrode during charging. The positive electrode uses a carbon material that can absorb and release anions, balancing the charge transfer. This reduces concentration gradients of electrolyte salt during charging and discharging, improving cycle life and storage stability.

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Improving the reversibility and cycling performance of nonaqueous cells using layered chalcogenide positive electrode materials like LiVS2 or LiCrS2 by substituting some of the transition metal atoms in the chalcogenide with other metals like Mn, Fe, Ni, or Co. This allows easier and more complete intercalation of lithium or sodium ions during charging and discharging compared to pure vanadium or chromium chalcogenides. The substituted chalcogenides have weaker and broader intermediate phases as the lithium concentration varies, making the intercalation process more reversible.

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