This Is What Hyundai Is Doing in Solid-State Batteries

A manufacturing method for all-solid-state batteries that provides dimensional stability and cell performance without ultra-high pressure pressing. The method involves forming electrode members with extended lengths, layering them, then pressing the stack. This prevents deformation during pressing. After pressing, the extended electrode is folded around the shorter one to create the final battery shape. This avoids the damage and cost increases of ultra-high pressure pressing while maintaining performance.

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Lithium metal halide-based solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries with improved lithium ion conductivity. The solid electrolyte has a crystal structure different from conventional lithium metal halide-based solid electrolytes. The new crystal structure was discovered using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to find energetically stable crystal structures. This optimization approach allowed predicting metastable crystal structures that haven't been observed yet but can be synthesized. The resulting new crystal structure provides better lithium ion conductivity compared to conventional lithium metal halide-based solid electrolytes.

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An all-solid-state battery design that can suppress volume expansion during charging and discharging. The battery has a buffer layer sandwiched between the negative electrode current collector and the intermediate layer. This elastic buffer helps minimize volume changes in the battery during charge/discharge cycles compared to conventional all-solid-state batteries without the buffer.

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Solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries with improved performance by coating the sulfide-based solid electrolyte particles. The coating contains metal alkoxides. This coating protects the sulfide electrolyte from defects and reactions during manufacturing and operation. It also reduces interfacial resistance between the electrolyte and electrodes. The coated sulfide electrolyte particles are used in the battery along with the coated electrode materials. The coated electrolyte provides better stability, lower resistance, and improved performance compared to uncoated sulfide electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries.

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Solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries with excellent moisture stability and a method to make it. The solid electrolyte is a sulfide-based material with a unique composition containing lithium, phosphorus, and halogen elements like bromine and chlorine. The halogen elements improve moisture stability by preventing water molecules from breaking down the sulfur bonds in the electrolyte. The electrolyte can be made by grinding and heat treating specific compounds containing lithium, phosphorus, halogens, and other elements like tin.

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Solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries that improves interfacial resistance and stability in all-solid-state batteries. The solid electrolyte contains sulfide-based solid electrolyte particles with a coating layer on their surface that contains metal alkoxides. This coating layer reduces interfacial resistance between the solid electrolyte and other battery components like the cathode. The coating also improves moisture stability of the sulfide-based electrolyte. The coated electrolyte particles are prepared by dispersing the sulfide particles in a solution of metal alkoxides and solvent, removing the solvent, and drying the particles. This provides a method to manufacture sulfide solid electrolytes with improved performance in all-solid-state batteries.

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An all-solid-state battery design that prevents lithium dendrite formation and improves energy density. The battery has a three-layer stack with a self-standing sheet layer sandwiched between the positive and negative electrodes. The sheet layer is composed of two distinct layers with different properties. The inner layer promotes lithium deposition while the outer layer suppresses dendrite growth. This prevents dendrites from penetrating the solid electrolyte and shorting the battery. The dual-layer sheet allows efficient lithium storage without dendrite issues.

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All-solid-state battery that can be charged and discharged at room temperature without degradation. The battery uses a unique construction with a network-structured positive electrode layer instead of conventional conductive additives. This layer is made by treating a carbon nanotube film to create interconnected pores. The pores are filled with positive electrode material. This provides conductivity without adding extra powder that can react with the electrolyte or reduce capacity. The battery stack includes the treated positive electrode, solid electrolyte, intermediate layer, negative electrode, and current collectors.

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Solid electrolyte and method for producing the same with uniform particle size distribution, high crystallinity, and ionic conductivity. The method involves mixing sulfide-based solid electrolyte particles with lithium-metal-oxide and heat treating at 250-350°C. This coats the sulfide particles with lithium oxide on the surface, improving the electrolyte properties by providing a uniform particle size distribution, high crystallinity, and enhanced ionic conductivity compared to just the sulfide electrolyte. The heat treatment range allows crystallization without agglomeration issues.

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Binder solution for all-solid-state batteries with improved electrode performance and higher operating temperatures. The binder solution contains a polymer binder, a first solvent, and an ion-conducting additive. The additive is made by dissolving a lithium salt in a second solvent with higher lithium salt solubility. This creates complex lithium ions that increase the electrostatic attraction of the solution. This higher attraction raises the boiling point of the additive compared to the second solvent. When the binder solution is used in the electrode slurry, the higher boiling point additive prevents evaporation during drying. It also forms a smooth ion transmission path in the electrode. The additive composition allows manufacturing all-solid-state batteries that can operate at temperatures of 70°C or higher.

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An all-solid-state battery system that maintains consistent pressure on the cells during charging and discharging. The system uses a sealed chamber with pressurizing fluid to surround the stack of solid-state cells. A control unit monitors the battery state and sends signals to adjust the pressurizing fluid level to compensate for cell volume changes during charging/discharging. This allows constant, uniform pressure on the cells regardless of charge/discharge state.

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A foldable all-solid-state battery design that avoids short circuits when stacking multiple cells. The battery has folded zigzag layers of anode and cathode electrodes interleaved with electrolyte layers. The folded shape allows the anode protrusions to insert into the cathode recesses and vice versa, preventing short circuits when the cells are stacked. The folded structure is also more compact and enables mass production compared to stacking flat cells.

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All-solid-state battery design with an intermediate layer containing a metal that can form an alloy with lithium to improve energy density. The battery has a negative electrode current collector, an intermediate layer with a metal that forms an alloy with lithium, a solid electrolyte layer, a positive electrode active material layer with the positive electrode active material, and a positive electrode current collector. This intermediate layer composition allows higher lithium metal loading on the anode for improved energy density compared to just using lithium metal on the anode. The metal in the intermediate layer allows better bonding and interfacial stability with the solid electrolyte and lithium metal compared to directly using lithium metal in the anode layer.

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Room temperature all-solid-state battery that can operate normally at room temperature. The battery has a three-layer structure with a negative electrode, an intermediate layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a positive electrode. The intermediate layer contains carbon and lithium alloy. This allows smooth lithium ion transport at room temperature. The carbon prevents lithium plating on the negative electrode. The lithium alloy forms during charging and provides a seed for lithium deposition. This enables uniform lithium ion precipitation on the negative electrode even at room temperature.

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Anode-free all-solid-state battery design that eliminates the need for a separate anode and uses an intermediate layer containing a metal that can alloy with lithium between the current collectors and solid electrolyte. This allows direct deposition of lithium metal onto the anode collector during discharge instead of using a separate anode. The intermediate layer metal acts as a buffer to prevent dendrite growth and improve cycle life. The amount of metal in the intermediate layer can be optimized based on the cathode capacity to balance performance and capacity.

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All-solid-state battery that can operate at room temperature and method for manufacturing it. The battery has a unique intermediate layer between the negative electrode and solid electrolyte. This layer contains a lithium alloy formed from the negative electrode metal during charging. This allows uniform lithium deposition and prevents dendrite growth. The lithium alloy layer enables stable cycling at room temperature without lithiation reactions at high temperatures. The method involves using a precursor layer with a metal that forms an alloy with lithium, which reacts during charging to form the lithium alloy intermediate layer.

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Cathode material for all-solid-state batteries that improves electron conductivity and enables higher charge/discharge rates. The cathode contains an additive made by calcining a lanthanum, titanium, and lithium precursor. The additive has a unique crystal structure with vacant sites that allows lithium ion migration but prevents electron conduction. This prevents the additive from interfering with the cathode active material's charge/discharge reactions. The additive provides an electron pathway for the cathode during initial cycling when lithium ions are scarce.

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Cathode for all-solid-state batteries that completely coats the cathode active material with a solid electrolyte layer to improve electrochemical performance. The coating layer is formed by applying shear stress to a solid electrolyte powder on the cathode surface. This uniformly covers the active material and provides a seamless interface between the cathode and electrolyte. The coated cathode is mixed with a second solid electrolyte to make the battery electrode.

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Cathode active material and manufacturing method for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries that improves battery performance and safety. The cathode active material contains a coated core made of a lithium transition metal oxide, with a coating layer consisting of xLi3BO3·(1-x)Li2CO3 (0 <= x <= 1). This composition reduces interface resistance and improves stability compared to traditional cathode materials. The coating is formed by reacting the core with a coating solution during manufacturing.

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A sulfide solid electrolyte material with high lithium ion conductivity for all-solid-state lithium ion batteries. The electrolyte contains silicon as a resource-rich component, providing high ionic conductivity. The material is synthesized by mechanically milling an amorphous precursor and then heating it. The resulting sulfide electrolyte can be used in batteries with layers containing the electrolyte for high-performance all-solid-state lithium ion batteries.

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