Optical Sensors for EV Battery Temperature Detection

Optimizing temperature management in large-scale energy storage systems using optical fiber temperature sensors and variable frequency cooling. The system improves temperature consistency and reduces overheating compared to fixed temperature control. It uses optical fiber temperature sensors inside battery modules to accurately monitor temperatures. An energy management system analyzes the data and sends adjustment instructions to the cooling system. Variable frequency pumps, compressors, and valves allow customized cooling capacity and flow rates. This enables dynamic temperature control based on real-time conditions to maintain optimal battery performance and prevent thermal runaway.

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Temperature measurement device for energy storage systems like battery storage that can measure temperatures both inside and outside the battery modules. It uses an optical fiber cable with spaced sensing spots to measure temperatures at intervals between modules. Additional outer sections connect the inner sections between stages. This allows monitoring temperatures between modules as well as inside the modules. The cable fixing units secure the cable between stages.

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System for measuring the temperature of battery cells inside a battery module without making physical contact. The system uses sensors placed within the module to optically measure cell temperatures through openings in the end walls. A cell monitoring unit processes the sensor data to generate temperature readings for the cells. The non-contact optical measurement allows accurate temperature monitoring of the cells without contacting them, which can minimize or eliminate contact and maximize the surface area being measured.

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Battery module temperature measurement system using optical sensors to non-invasively measure cell temperatures without contact. The system involves placing sensors in the module frame that can make line-of-sight temperature measurements through apertures in the frame to the battery cells. A cell monitoring unit processes the sensor readings to generate accurate cell temperatures. This allows quick, accurate, and non-invasive temperature monitoring of battery cells without contact, minimizing disruption to the cells.

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Battery monitoring method and system that improves accuracy and stability of battery management in energy storage systems. The method involves using multiple temperature sensors in each battery area of a module instead of just one per cell. If an abnormal temperature is detected in a cell, adjacent cell temperatures are checked. If they exceed a threshold, it confirms thermal runaway. If not, it indicates the initial cell sensor is faulty. This prevents incorrect derating or shutdown due to sensor errors.

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Optically operating temperature sensor for measuring surface temperatures of components like battery cells in electric vehicles without using electrical connections that could increase risk of short circuits. The sensor uses fiber optics with spaced-apart elements inside a rigid protective element that connects to the component surface. External forces are absorbed by the protective element, preventing deformation of the fiber and false temperature readings. The fiber's thermal expansion detects temperature changes.

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Battery pack thermal management system for electric vehicles that can monitor, control, and regulate battery temperature independently of the vehicle power state. The system has modules for temperature monitoring, data processing, judgment, and thermal management. It allows continuous temperature monitoring of the battery and environment during vehicle operation, compares against thresholds, generates control strategies based on alarms, judges strategies with historical data, and executes temperature adjustments to keep the battery within normal range. This improves battery life by preventing excessive temperature extremes when the vehicle is off.

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Low-profile traction battery for electric vehicles that uses infrared sensors with deflection optics to measure temperature of battery cells without contact. The sensors have arrays of IR-sensitive elements to spatially resolve temperatures. Deflection optics direct IR beams from cell surfaces to the sensor array outside the battery housing. This allows non-invasive, contactless temperature mapping of cells without needing to mount sensors inside. The deflection optics can be mirrors or curved surfaces. Multiple cells from different modules can be monitored with a single sensor.

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Battery monitoring method that allows detecting and predicting battery conditions even during sleep mode. The method involves periodically waking up the battery during idle periods to measure temperature, storing the individual measurements, and determining a continuous temperature exposure at rest. This is combined with temperature during operation to get a complete battery temperature exposure. This allows monitoring the battery even when powered off. The battery has temperature sensors on cells and a central temperature sensor. The battery management system, central control unit, and consumer can all participate in temperature monitoring and storage.

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Temperature measurement device for battery packs that can efficiently monitor the temperature of multiple cells without using individual temperature sensors in each cell. The device uses a gathering part to collect infrared radiation emitted from the battery cells. The gathered radiation is focused and directed to a light receiving part with sensors. By analyzing the spectrum of radiation, the device can determine the temperature of at least a portion of the battery cell sides without needing temperature sensors in each cell. This reduces cost and space compared to individually sensing each cell. The radiation gathering and focusing is done using lenses and light guides to concentrate the emitted radiation.

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Thermo-fluorescent optical fiber sensor for measuring temperatures in applications like batteries. The sensor uses a thermo-fluorescent optical fiber with a layer containing thermo-fluorescent particles at one end or along the length. The particles emit light when heated and can be imaged through the fiber. The particles are held in place by a photo-polymerized matrix. The fiber is made by depositing the thermo-fluorescent particles, followed by the photo-polymerizable system, then curing to polymerize the matrix. This provides controlled distribution of the particles in the matrix for optimal sensor performance.

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An optical fiber temperature measurement system for power devices like battery modules to enable distributed temperature monitoring. Optical fiber cables are installed inside each module and connected to an external control unit. The cables contain fiber optics that can measure temperatures based on Raman scattering. This allows accurate temperature monitoring inside each module as well as between modules by connecting the fiber ends.

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Online monitoring system for batteries using fiber optic sensors to simultaneously measure multiple parameters like temperature, strain, pressure, voltage, current, and gas composition inside batteries in a closed, corrosive environment. The sensors are based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) that can be multiplexed and connected in series on a single fiber. This allows distributed, integrated, and distributed monitoring of batteries, modules, clusters, and systems. The FBG sensors have ultra-low reflectivity to enable high capacity multiplexing. A FBG demodulator reads the signals and transmits them to a computer. The FBG sensors are connected inside the battery using optical fiber connectors. This provides compact, corrosion-resistant, and electromagnetic interference-resistant monitoring without wiring complexities.

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A battery temperature monitoring system for electric vehicles that uses an infrared sensor instead of multiple temperature sensors on the battery pack. The system has an infrared photoelectric converter attached to the battery pack surface. An infrared sensor inside the converter emits infrared light and measures the reflected infrared light to determine the battery pack temperature. The converter has a voltage sampling circuit to provide the measured voltage to the vehicle's controller. This provides accurate battery pack temperature monitoring without the cost, complexity, and space requirements of multiple temperature sensors.

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Optimizing electric vehicle battery monitoring using separate onboard data collection and remote data analysis. A data collection device in the vehicle detects battery parameters like temperature and strain using fiber optics. The collected data is sent wirelessly to a remote analysis center for processing. This allows using existing vehicle electronics for data collection without needing dedicated hardware. The remote analysis enables efficient centralized processing of data from multiple vehicles, reducing onboard computational requirements.

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Embedding optical fibers in a flexible substrate to create a sensing membrane that can be attached to devices like batteries to monitor thermal, mechanical, and radiation properties without directly embedding the fibers in the device. The substrate thickness and material properties are chosen to accurately sense device properties when the membrane is either embedded in the device or attached to its surface. This allows monitoring temperature, strain, vibration, etc. of devices like batteries without complex fiber routing through each component.

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An optical fiber-based sensing membrane for monitoring temperature, strain, vibrations, and radiation in devices like batteries, nuclear power plants, and defense equipment. The membrane has integrated optical fibers embedded in a flexible substrate with a specified layout pattern. The layout compensates for spatial resolution and fiber losses. This allows accurate sensing of localized temperature, strain, etc. without needing individual fiber connections. The membrane can be applied directly to device surfaces or embedded in molded parts. It enables compact, flexible, and scalable sensing compared to embedding single fibers.

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A PHM (prognostics and health management) based control method and system for energy storage vehicles that predicts and prevents battery degradation and failure by continuously monitoring and analyzing battery parameters. The method involves collecting operating conditions, like temperature, voltage, and current, from the battery module. It uses machine learning models to process the data and predict future battery behavior. Based on the predictions, the system takes proactive actions to mitigate issues and prevent failures, such as adjusting cooling or heating, rather than waiting for problems to occur. The PHM approach enables more accurate and effective temperature control for energy storage vehicles.

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Battery temperature detection device for accurately measuring temperature inside battery cells. The device uses an infrared sensor with course changing means to direct IR rays from the cell to a specific area of the sensor. This ensures accurate temperature measurement by focusing the IR signal on a small area rather than averaging over the entire sensor. The course changing means can be a reflective member or guide to direct IR rays from the cell to the sensor. The sensor may have an absorbing region facing the cell to improve IR absorption. This allows more accurate temperature measurement by focusing the IR signal on a small area instead of averaging over the entire sensor.

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Electric vehicle battery temperature monitoring and alarm system that uses fiber optic sensors to provide high density, low cost temperature monitoring for battery packs. The system uses low cost components like fiber grating sensors, dense wavelength division multiplexers (DWDM), and narrowband filters. It allows simultaneous monitoring of absolute and relative battery temperatures. The absolute temperature is measured by a DWDM that only responds when the center wavelength of a grating sensor reaches a set threshold. Relative temperature is measured by a narrowband filter that only allows the center wavelength of all gratings to pass through. This allows dense grating arrays on each battery cell to be multiplexed and simultaneously monitored for absolute and relative temperature.

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