77 patents in this list

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Organic redox-active materials are emerging as alternatives to metal-based compounds in energy storage applications, offering theoretical capacities above 400 mAh/g. However, these materials face stability challenges during cycling, with many showing significant capacity fade after 100 cycles due to dissolution in conventional electrolytes and structural changes during ion insertion.

The fundamental challenge lies in maintaining molecular stability during repeated electron transfer while preventing active material loss to the electrolyte phase.

This page brings together solutions from recent research—including concentrated salt electrolytes, polymer binders for active material retention, specialized separator materials, and non-aqueous solvent systems. These and other approaches focus on practical strategies to improve the cycling stability and capacity retention of organic redox materials.

1. Secondary Battery with Hydrothermally Synthesized Lithium Iron Phosphate-Bismuth Composite Core and Conductive Polymer Coating

ZHEJIANG JINKO ENERGY STORAGE CO., LTD., 2025

A secondary battery with improved performance by using a unique core material and coating technique. The core is made by hydrothermally synthesizing lithium iron phosphate and a bismuth salt at pH 1.0-4.0 to form a composite with tight bonding. This increases density, stability, and reduces volume change during charging/discharging. The core is then coated with a conductive polymer layer to enhance conductivity. This provides a high energy density, rate, cycle life, and temperature resistance.

2. Battery Anode Layer Comprising Vapor-Deposited Magnesium-Indium Alloy

TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA, 2025

Battery with improved discharge capacity and method of making it. The battery has a unique composition in the anode layer that contains alloys of magnesium and indium. The anode layer is formed by vapor deposition of the Mg-In alloy. After assembly, the battery is charged to convert the Mg-In alloy into Li-Mg and Li-In alloys. This process enhances discharge capacity compared to conventional Li-metal anodes.

3. Lithium Battery with Vanadium Phosphate Positive Electrode Coated with Graphene or Carbon Nanotubes and Low-Impurity Lithium Metal Negative Electrode

Pure Lithium Corporation, The Research Foundation for The State University of New York, 2025

Lithium batteries with improved electrodes for higher energy density and longer cycle life. The positive electrode uses a vanadium phosphate called ε-VOPO4 that can store multiple lithium ions per vanadium atom. To improve conductivity and prevent cracking, ε-VOPO4 particles are coated with graphene or carbon nanotubes. The positive electrode composition has a specific capacity of at least 260 mAh/g. The lithium metal negative electrode has a low impurity level below 100 ppm to reduce variations during charging. This allows using a higher capacity lithium metal without lithium dendrite formation.

US20250096232A1-patent-drawing

4. Rechargeable Battery with Metallic Manganese Anode, Manganese Fluoride Cathode, and Hydrogen Fluoride Electrolyte

Robert Bado, Artem Madatov, 2025

High-energy-density rechargeable battery with improved characteristics like higher specific energy, lower resistance, wider temperature range, and higher cycle life compared to conventional batteries. The battery uses metallic manganese anode, manganese fluoride cathode, and hydrogen fluoride electrolyte. The manganese anode has higher capacity and potential than zinc. The manganese fluoride cathode has higher capacity than manganese oxide. The hydrogen fluoride electrolyte has lower resistance and freezing point than organic electrolytes. The manganese fluoride compounds provide higher potential than manganese oxides. The battery can operate at lower temperatures due to the hydrogen fluoride electrolyte and manganese anode. The battery is rechargeable with high cycle life.

5. Copper, Titanium, Nitrogen, and Carbon Doped Lithium Nickel Manganese Oxide with Carbon Coating via Supercritical Fluid Extraction

NAN YA PLASTICS CORPORATION, 2025

A lithium battery positive material with improved specific discharge capacity and reduced costs compared to conventional lithium nickel manganese oxide. The material is a lithium nickel manganese oxide doped with copper, titanium, nitrogen, and carbon. The dopants and carbon coating enhance the material's electrical conductivity and lithium ion diffusion. The doping ratios and particle size are optimized to balance capacity, cycle life, and cost. The material is made by co-precipitation of the lithium nickel manganese oxide precursor, followed by carbon coating using supercritical fluid extraction.

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6. Lithium Supplementation Method Using Simultaneous Multi-Region Calendering and Segmented Electrode Plate Formation

Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited, 2025

High-efficiency lithium supplementing method for batteries like lithium-ion cells. It involves using multiple calendering devices to simultaneously transfer lithium from strips onto different regions of a coating device. The coated regions are then transferred to the corresponding regions on an electrode plate using the coating device. Segmenting the plate extracts the supplemented regions to form multiple segmented electrode plates with improved lithium content. This allows efficient simultaneous lithium transfer from strips to plate regions rather than sequential passes.

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7. Redox Flow Battery with Semi-Solid Ion-Storing Electrode Materials

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, 2024

Redox flow batteries with high energy density by using semi-solid or condensed ion-storing electrode materials that can take up or release ions during operation. The flowable electrode materials are transported between the electrodes to extract energy. This allows using higher concentration electrolytes with improved solubility compared to liquid electrolytes. The flowable electrode materials can be gels, liquids, or solid compounds like oxides, metals, or organic redox couples.

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8. Aqueous Organic Flow Battery with Insoluble and Soluble Phenazine-Based Electrodes

Changzhou University, CHANGZHOU UNIVERSITY, 2024

An aqueous organic flow battery with high energy density by combining insoluble and soluble phenazine-based electrodes. The battery uses an insoluble phenazine compound at the negative electrode and a soluble phenazine compound in the negative electrolyte. This allows higher specific capacity and energy density compared to conventional organic flow batteries. The insoluble phenazine compound provides high capacity while the soluble phenazine compound enables high solubility.

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9. Flexible Energy Storage Device with Redox-Active Biopolymer Organogel Electrolyte Containing Molybdenum and Secondary Ions

Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2024

Flexible energy storage device with a redox-active biopolymer organogel electrolyte that allows bending without breaking or tearing. The device has electrodes separated by a redox-active biopolymer organogel electrolyte containing a biopolymer gel, redox-active molybdenum ions, and a secondary ionic substance like lithium or sodium. The gel electrolyte allows flexibility at temperatures from -40 to 120°C. The biopolymer gelator, gel solvent, molybdenum ions, and secondary ions are mixed to form the electrolyte.

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10. Battery Electrode Composition with Organic Redox Molecule Exhibiting Specific Redox Potential and Peak Potential Proximity

OSAKA UNIV, 2024

Battery electrode composition with improved environmental compatibility and recyclability. The composition contains an organic redox molecule with a redox potential between -1.3 and 0.9 V. The redox molecule has peak potentials within 0.8 V of each other. This allows efficient charge storage and capacity retention. The composition can be used in positive or negative electrodes for batteries. It provides high cycling and rate performance, and the redox molecule can decompose into harmless components after battery disassembly.

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11. Aqueous Rechargeable Battery with Copper Ferrocyanide Positive Electrode and Phenazine Negative Electrode

Changzhou University, CHANGZHOU UNIVERSITY, 2024

A high capacity aqueous rechargeable battery with copper ferrocyanide as the positive electrode and phenazine as the negative electrode. The copper ferrocyanide positive electrode provides a high theoretical specific capacity due to the intercalation of multiple metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+, CN-) during charge/discharge. The phenazine negative electrode has adjustable electrochemical properties from organic redox-active units. The aqueous electrolyte allows for low cost, scalability, and safety compared to organic solvents.

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12. Electrode Compositions with S-Linked Quinone Polymers and Sulfurized Carbon Matrices

ALIONYX ENERGY SYSTEMS, 2023

Redox active materials, electrodes, batteries, and methods for improving cathode performance in high capacity, long-life, safe, and cheap energy storage devices using S-linked quinone polymers and sulfurized carbon matrices. The S-linked quinone polymers have quinone redox moieties linked by sulfide groups. They can be homopolymers or copolymers. The sulfurized carbon matrices have sulfur-rich carbon structures. The polymers and matrices provide high capacity, long cycle life, and low soluble sulfur shuttle effects compared to other organic redox materials. They can be combined with additives and used as cathode active materials in non-aqueous electrolyte batteries.

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13. Covalent Organic Framework Materials with Charge Separation and Redox Sites for Aqueous Photochargeable Battery Electrodes

Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, FUJIAN INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH ON THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 2023

Covalent organic framework (COF) materials for aqueous photochargeable batteries that can directly convert sunlight into stored electrical energy. The COFs have multiple sites for charge separation and redox reactions. They are integrated with interface charge transport materials to construct heterojunctions that regulate photogenerated carrier transport. The COF-based electrodes can directly serve as positive and/or negative electrodes in aqueous photochargeable batteries, enabling efficient solar to electrochemical energy conversion.

14. Water-Based Energy Storage Device with Microporous Carbon Cathode and Vitamin C Redox Electrolyte

IUCF HYU INDUSTRY UNIV COOPERATION FOUNDATION HANYANG UNIV, IUCF-HYU, KOOKMIN UNIV INDUSTRY ACADEMY COOPERATION FOUNDATION, 2023

Water-based energy storage device using vitamin C as a redox electrolyte that allows reversible charging and discharging without irreversible side reactions. The device uses a cathode made of microporous carbon with a specific surface area of at least 1500 m2/g and pore diameter less than 2 nm. This carbon structure suppresses irreversible reactions during the redox cycling of vitamin C. The carbon cathode allows reversible oxidation/reduction of vitamin C in the aqueous electrolyte, improving the redox reversibility and capacity retention of the device.

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15. Electroresponsive Polymer Gel with Redox-Driven Reversible Contraction and Network Structure

UNIV OF TOKYO, 2023

Polymer gel-containing materials that can reversibly contract when electricity is applied, and electrochemical devices containing these gels. The gels have a network structure with hydrophilic and hydrophobic sites. They selectively adsorb a second active species through electrochemical redox reactions of a redox pair. This causes reversible contraction as the second species is included. When the redox reaction reverses, the species releases and the gel swells. The redox pair and gel composition allow electrochemical contraction using electricity rather than pumps or gases.

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16. Covalent Organic Framework with Intrinsic Reversible Redox Sites for Photocatalysis

FUJIAN INSTITUTE OF RES ON STRUCTURE OF MATTER CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, FUJIAN INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH ON STRUCTURE OF MATTER CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, MINDU INNOVATION LAB, 2023

A reversible redox-catalysis covalent organic framework (COF) material for photo/photocatalysis that can efficiently convert solar energy to chemical energy without needing additional reagents or redox pairs. The COF has built-in redox sites that can cycle between oxidized and reduced states. The COF is synthesized by a solvothermal method using specific monomers. The COF can be used as a catalyst in photo/photocatalytic water splitting or CO2 reduction reactions. It shows higher efficiency compared to traditional COFs that require external reagents.

17. Asymmetric Supercapacitor with MnO2 and Fe2O3 Coated Electrodes and Redox-Enhanced Electrolyte

SOUTHWEST UNIV, SOUTHWEST UNIVERSITY, 2023

Water system asymmetric supercapacitor with high energy density and wide potential window. It uses redox active materials on the electrodes and in the electrolyte to combine pseudocapacitance and redox capacitance. The asymmetric configuration involves MnO2-coated carbon cloth as the cathode, double-layer Fe2O3-coated carbon cloth as the anode, and redox additives in the electrolyte. This maximizes utilization of the active materials and expands the potential window beyond 2V.

18. Aqueous Polymer Electrolyte Battery with Neogolite and Fosolite Redox Polymers

CHOI CHAN SOO, GOLDENPIA CO LTD, SHIN YANG CHUL, 2023

Aqueous polymer electrolyte battery with non-flammable electrolytes and high energy density. The battery uses redox active materials in the electrodes and electrolytes that are soluble in water. The positive electrode (cathode) uses a polymer called neogolite containing a redox center with a large potential difference. The negative electrode (anode) uses a polymer called fosolite containing a redox center with high solubility in water. The neogolite and fosolite are in contact. This allows high energy density and stability because the redox centers have different potentials. The water-based electrolytes are non-flammable. The battery can use solar, wind, hydro power, etc. The scalable design allows expanding storage capacity. The polymer electrolytes can be adjusted for pH and expanded volume. The battery can be connected in parallel

19. Flexible Energy Storage Device with Redox-Active Polymer Hydrogel Electrolyte and Metal Ion Integration

Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2023

Flexible energy storage device with high energy density, high cycling stability, and good flexibility. The device uses a redox-active polymer hydrogel electrolyte sandwiched between two electrodes. The hydrogel contains a polymer, redox-active metal ions like Co, and balancing anions. The hydrogel provides a flexible, ionically conductive electrolyte for the device. It enables high capacitance, long cycle life, and flexibility compared to liquid electrolytes. The hydrogel forms a uniform film covering the electrodes when soaked in the metal ion solution.

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20. Sodium-Ion Battery with Electrodeposited Metallic Sodium Anode, Ammoniate-Based Electrolytes, and Reversible Cathode Materials

BROADBIT BATTERIES OY, 2022

High-performance sodium-ion batteries with metallic sodium anodes, novel cathodes, and electrolytes for applications like electric vehicles. The batteries use a sodium-based metallic anode that is electrodeposited during the first charge cycle. The cathodes are selected from materials that support reversible redox interaction with the disclosed electrolytes. The electrolytes are ammoniate-based with ratios of NH3:salt between 0.1 and 10. The electrolytes support smooth sodium deposition on copper current collectors. The matching electrolyte-current collector couples enable stable cycling of the metallic sodium anode. The cathodes, electrolytes, and current collectors are chosen to balance performance and cost-effectiveness.

21. Electrochemical Devices Utilizing Bipolar Isatin Derivatives as Active Materials in Non-Aqueous Solvents

22. Polyacrylic Acid Grafted Flow Battery with Water-Soluble Redox-Active Polymer Electrodes

23. Redox Gating Materials with Transition Metal Salts and Redox Agents for Reversible Electronic State Transformation in Thin Film Devices

24. Cell Pack Design with Redox Shuttle Electrolyte and Module Capacity Matching

25. Polymer Composition with Polythiophene Polycation and Ortho-Quinone Fragment Polymer Anion

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