V2G Integration for EV Battery Systems

Rapidly charging an electric vehicle's battery using shared power electronics from nearby vehicles. The charging station has a common DC bus that connects to the vehicles. When a vehicle wants a fast charge, it can request the station to provide extra power from other vehicles' converters. The station communicates with their controllers to coordinate sharing the charging current. This allows faster charging than just using the vehicle's converter alone. It reduces component count and weight compared to dedicated chargers, as the shared converters can provide higher currents. The vehicles can also use the station's converters for normal charging when parked.

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Bidirectional voltage regulation circuit for charging and discharging batteries in vehicles without the need for transformers. The circuit uses three NMOS transistors and a control chip to convert voltages bidirectionally between a battery and a power bus. The transistors form a loop with an inductor to boost or buck the voltage as needed for charging or discharging. This allows charging a battery with a lower input voltage to full capacity, and discharging a higher voltage battery to match the bus voltage.

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Distributing electricity from a limited supply to multiple electric vehicle chargers based on scheduling and ammeter measurements. The system has power controllers, relays, and ammeters at each charger. A remote server schedules charger usage, authorizes users, and sends instructions to enable/disable relays. The server calculates total current drawn from the power supply. If supply exceeds draw, it disables the main relay. The power controllers independently disable their relays. This allows dynamic charging based on availability and prevents overloading. The server can also send alerts and cancel reservations if time limits are exceeded.

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Low profile magnetic flux pads for inductive power transfer (IPT) systems that can operate over a wider range of lateral misalignments between the pads. The pads have two closely spaced coils with different turn spacing inside vs outside the coil centers. This non-uniform turn spacing alters the flux patterns to compensate for misalignment and improve power transfer over a wider range. The coils are also wound with variations in turn spacing and core discontinuities to further shape the flux. This allows optimizing the flux profiles for specific applications like electric vehicle charging.

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A system for efficiently delivering electrical energy to charge electric vehicles using a combination of supercapacitors, converters, and reservoirs. The system has multiple input lines to connect to power grids or renewable sources. It uses supercapacitor reservoirs connected in parallel for storing and delivering electrical energy. Converters step-up or step-down the voltage as needed. The reservoirs charge and discharge within limited voltage ranges to extend cell life. The system can also discharge into power grids during peak demand.

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DC-DC converters for high-power applications like cross-charging electric vehicles that have efficient cooling methods to enable compact size. The converters have features like immersion cooling of the inductor coils, conduction cooling of switching sub-modules, and convection cooling of diode sub-modules. The converter units are arranged with out-of-phase operation. The cooling is optimized with liquid-cooled inductor coils, a module cooling unit with heat exchanger and plate for sub-modules, and immersion-liquid cooled inductors in adjacent converter units. This enables high power density (2 kW/L) and 200 kW+ power levels.

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Dynamic charge control for electric vehicle fleets that balances energy consumption needs with grid supply/demand balance. The charge control uses real-time vehicle location, state of charge, grid signals, and service demand to determine optimized charging schedules. This helps regulate grid frequency, balance energy consumption, and enables fleet operators to manage charging to minimize grid costs. Charging structures with centralized control can further optimize fleet charging by orchestrating vehicle entry/exit based on state of charge.

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Power supply system for electric vehicles that allows bidirectional power transfer between vehicle batteries and external pods using magnetic field coupling. The system has in-vehicle power cells held in pods with closed loops of magnetic cores. Power can flow between cells and pods by changing magnetic field polarity. This allows flexible power swapping, load balancing, and cell condition monitoring. The system enables easy cell replacement, charging, and swapping without disconnecting from the vehicle.

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Server-based system for optimizing battery usage of parked electric vehicles by coordinating charging and discharging based on vehicle schedules and grid power needs. The server communicates with parked electric vehicles, learns their upcoming travel times, monitors grid power demand, and selects vehicles to charge or discharge in order to balance the grid. This allows leveraging parked vehicle batteries as virtual power storage to help balance the grid when needed. Vehicles can also precondition their batteries to desired levels before departure.

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Smart battery system for electric vehicles that uses AI, blockchain, and IoT to monitor, control, and manage rechargeable batteries in real-time. The system connects the battery's monitoring module and control module to a cloud platform that extracts battery data and environment factors, predicts battery health, renders simulations, and sends control signals. It uses blockchain nodes at charging stations for data sharing. The AI-based smart battery management platform enables autonomous battery optimization, fault detection, and disaster recovery.

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Charging an electrified vehicle's battery using power from another vehicle and a grid source simultaneously. This allows faster charging compared to just using the grid. The charging involves connecting the vehicle to both a grid source and another vehicle, synchronizing their power frequencies, and combining the grid and vehicle power to charge the battery. This leverages the other vehicle as a mobile power source to boost charging speed.

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Intelligent charging of electric vehicles that balances load, reduces costs, and enables vehicle-to-vehicle power transfer. The system optimizes charging by coordinating vehicle charging schedules, delaying charging during peak grid demand, and leveraging excess power from other vehicles. It also allows vehicles with solar panels to sell excess power back to the grid. The system balances load by determining total required charging power, then scheduling charging at optimal times when rates are low. This involves communicating with power suppliers to find the best time to buy power in bulk. The system also enables qualitative load balancing by intelligently selecting charging sources based on characteristics like availability and cost.

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Controlling charging of electric vehicles to provide grid stability services like virtual inertia and frequency response. An aggregator retrieves grid and vehicle data, derives a weighted distribution of response needed, and sends it to a central charging controller. The controller then calculates optimal charge levels for each vehicle based on the weighted distribution. This allows coordinated charging of multiple vehicles to exactly match the requested grid support rather than just total charging demand. The vehicles charge at specific rates to provide the desired grid services.

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Efficiently managing the use of batteries in electric vehicles for applications beyond just powering the vehicle. The system allows controlled discharging of vehicle batteries to provide emergency power or supplemental power to the grid when the battery owner has registered for that service. It can also prioritize discharging of parked vehicles during off-peak times to provide grid stability. The system acquires registration info and usage schedules to optimize battery usage.

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A power management system that allows electric vehicles (EVs) to dynamically balance power supply and demand in a grid by selectively connecting vehicles with large battery capacities to the grid when needed. The system monitors the state of charge (SOC) and temperature of EV batteries. It prompts vehicles with high remaining charge and large capacity batteries to connect to the grid during times of power shortage or excess. This allows the grid to leverage the EVs as virtual power plants to balance supply and demand without requiring a large number of connected vehicles.

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Intelligent hub for charging and discharging electric vehicles that allows bi-directional power flow between the vehicle battery, grid, solar panels, and home appliances. The hub integrates an on-board charger that can accept DC power directly from solar panels without converting to AC first. It also enables charging one EV battery from another EV battery during power outages. The hub provides a more intelligent connection between grid, solar, vehicle, and home appliances to optimize power flow and reduce losses compared to converting DC to AC and back multiple times.

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Integrated inverter-EV charger (IIEVC) that combines a DC-AC inverter and an EV charger in a single enclosure. It allows converting DC power from renewable sources to AC for grids, and also provides AC or DC charging for EVs using shared components. The IIEVC can select input power from sources like grids, renewables, or EV batteries based on efficiency, cost, and charge levels. It also optimizes charging rates for EV batteries to extend lifespan. The IIEVC has a GUI to display info and allow manual control. The connector on the EV charger has selectable DC/AC conversion for input power from the IIEVC.

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A system to manage electric grid load using electric vehicles. It monitors grid conditions and generates alerts when demand exceeds a threshold. It then directly controls charging of a fleet of EVs connected to the grid to shape or shift the load and mitigate peak demand. This allows the EVs to represent a dynamic load capacity to the grid.

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Charging an electric vehicle (EV) battery using power from another EV and a grid source simultaneously. The method involves connecting the EV to both a grid outlet and another EV to charge its battery using electricity from both sources. It allows faster charging compared to just relying on the grid. The charger combines the grid and second EV power to provide the EV with a higher current for faster charging. This leverages the ability of EVs to serve as mobile power sources to boost charging speed.

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A distributed battery system for electric vehicles that enables flexible parallel and serial charging/discharging of multiple battery packs. The system uses bypass circuits and bidirectional voltage transformation modules connected in parallel to the battery packs. A controller determines pack compatibility and switches between direct parallel and indirect serial connections based on pack characteristics. This allows dynamically optimized charging/discharging of mixed pack types and voltages without needing matched packs.

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