Venting Mechanisms in EV Battery Protection

Battery pack design to prevent thermal runaway propagation in battery packs by efficiently discharging venting gas while preventing backflow. The pack has a housing with gas channels, a venting plate with a movable cutout, and a restriction member. The cutout moves into the venting opening during normal operation. If pressure rises, the cutout moves out to vent. The restriction blocks reverse movement to prevent backflow. This allows efficient gas discharge while preventing gas reentry during thermal runaway.

Source

Battery exhaust device, hard-shell battery, and soft-pack battery that allows internal gas to be safely discharged from batteries without damaging the battery. The exhaust device has a valve body with an exhaust channel, an air inlet, and an air outlet. A blocking member and elastic member are used to control gas flow. The valve body connects to the battery cell chamber. When gas pressure builds up, the blocking member moves to allow gas out through the air outlet. This prevents explosions by venting the gas. The hard-shell battery has the exhaust device inside the shell, and the soft-pack battery has it outside the aluminum-plastic film.

Source

A secondary battery with a venting device to prevent structural collapse and flame propagation during thermal runaway. The venting device has a rupture disk that bursts at a certain pressure. A heat-absorbing porous member is placed upstream or downstream of the rupture disk. This member prevents flames from escaping when the vent opens. The porous member may deform or melt at high temperatures and pressures to allow gas escape. It also absorbs heat to lower the ignition point. By controlling venting and flame propagation, it delays or prevents secondary battery collapse during thermal runaway.

Source

Battery safety valve with a sealing airbag to prevent external gas from entering the battery during overpressure venting. The valve has an airbag attached to the valve body that collects the vented battery gases. This prevents external air from entering the battery when it vents, allowing continued operation and extending the time before thermal runaway. The airbag seals against the valve body with a gasket. A pressure sensor monitors the airbag pressure.

Source

Battery pack with improved safety against fire or gas explosion in electric vehicles. The pack has a housing with a sealed gas inlet covered by a venting unit. When internal pressure exceeds a threshold, the venting unit ruptures to allow gas to escape. This prevents explosions spreading between modules by quickly venting gas. The venting unit has a split plate with one section exposed to rupture and the other section supporting. When pressure rises, the exposed section ruptures while the supported section remains fixed.

Source

Battery explosion-proof valve and battery design with stepped pressure relief to prevent battery pack explosions during thermal runaway. The valve has three stages of pressure relief: a primary valve connected to the outside for normal venting, and secondary and tertiary valves with higher opening pressures. This allows controlled pressure relief as internal pressure rises during thermal runaway, preventing explosive overpressure. The valve also has features like waterproof breathable membranes, sand filters, and magnetic levitation to prevent clogging and sticking. The stepped relief design ensures safety during thermal runaway events.

Source

Preventing thermal runaway propagation in battery packs by allowing heat and gas to escape when a cell experiences thermal runaway. The device has a dedicated discharge passage and valve for each cell. If a cell temperature exceeds a threshold, the valve opens to release heat and gas outside. This prevents the runaway from spreading to adjacent cells. A battery management system selectively opens valves for cells with runaway. Simultaneous valve opening prevents runaway chain reactions.

Source

Battery housing for electric vehicle batteries that allows hot gas discharge while preventing environmental contamination. The housing has a valve device with a valve body that moves outward when internal pressure rises. When pressure exceeds a threshold due to hot gases, the valve body lifts and secures to expel hot gases. It cannot return when pressure drops. This prevents hot gases from venting into the environment unless pressure is high enough. The valve body is also designed to fix in place when lifted to prevent external forces from closing it.

Source

Pressure relief mechanism for batteries that improves safety by guiding discharged gas away from the battery and preventing it from damaging other components. The mechanism has an airflow blocking member around the pressure relief port that restricts gas flow through the port. High-temperature gas discharged during battery thermal runaway is directed out of the blocking member's exhaust port instead of scattering through the port. This prevents gas from hitting and damaging nearby components like wiring harnesses. The blocking member also expands and contracts with the valve cover to maintain gas flow guidance during pressure relief.

Source

Explosion-proof valve, battery module, and battery pack for lithium-ion batteries that provide safe pressure relief to prevent explosions. The valve has an electrochemical energy storage component that can be ignited by a control circuit when the internal battery pressure exceeds a threshold. This component pierces a diaphragm to rapidly relieve pressure inside the battery pack. The pack has a thermal management module connected to a pressure sensor that triggers the valve when pressure rises.

Source

A housing for battery modules with improved gas venting capabilities. The housing has a main body that mates with the lower housing containing the battery cells. It has two types of vents: burst vents that rapidly release excess gases when pressure reaches a threshold, and slow vents with gas-selective permeability layers that enable gas exchange between the chamber and exterior. This allows directed rapid venting of excessive gases while allowing slower venting of other gases to maintain cell breathing. The burst vents prevent overpressure rupture, and the slow vents prevent condensation buildup.

Source

Venting assembly for traction battery packs that allows controlled release of gases and debris from venting battery cells into a sealed enclosure. The venting assembly uses a valve that opens in response to a cell venting to provide a path for the vented gases and debris into a passageway in the battery pack structure. This prevents buildup of pressure and prevents explosive venting of the cells. The valve can be a simple perforated area or a more complex mechanism like a reed valve. Multiple valves can be used to vent individual cells or cell stacks separately.

Source

Battery pack venting assembly for electrified vehicles that cools the vented gas before discharging it to the environment. The venting assembly has a shielded vent path with internal passages for ambient air. The shields surround the vented gas path. Prior to discharge, ambient air is mixed with the vented gas within the shielded path. This cools the gas before release, preventing excessive heat buildup in the pack. The air mixing passages are positioned between the inlet and outlet to mix the gases during venting.

Source

Battery pack design with improved gas venting and waterproofing for electric vehicles. The pack has a case with multiple battery cells, each cell having a pressure relief valve. The case has vent holes to prevent expansion/contraction due to temperature changes. It also has enlarged smoke exhausts with fragile joints. The joints have a weakened section that peels off when internal pressure rises, allowing quick gas release through the exhausts instead of box deformation.

Source

Power battery pack design to prevent explosions by improving gas release efficiency. The battery pack has a unique configuration that allows quick and efficient gas venting during thermal runaway. The pack has a compartmentalized structure with the battery modules spaced apart and connected to the pack frame. This creates a direct gas exhaust path between the modules and the explosion-proof valve. When a module vents gas during runaway, it flows through the module's exhaust channel and directly out the valve, preventing pressure buildup and explosion risk.

Source

Ventilation device for battery casings that provides both normal pressure equalization and emergency venting in a single device. The device has a housing, cap, and two membranes. The cap connects to both membranes, one for normal pressure balance and one for emergency venting. The cap has a central portion with holes facing the first membrane for pressure equalization, and an outer annular portion with curved openings facing the second membrane for emergency venting. The cap also has a rim to surround the housing.

Source

A high-security anti-explosion battery pack design to mitigate the risk of battery venting and explosion during overcharge or short circuit conditions. The pack has an exhaust structure with an exhaust pipe and multiple sensing sleeves connected to it. The sensing sleeves have rotating sleeves with multiple transverse openings covered by waterproof membranes. Inside each opening is an air cylinder with limiting blocks. This allows gas to vent out during overpressure events while preventing water ingress into the exhaust pipe. The rotating sleeves with vortex sensing plates enable gas flow monitoring for early detection of potential venting issues.

Source

Explosion-proof pressure relief valve for battery packs that prevents moisture ingress and condensation inside the pack. The valve has an opening mechanism with a moisture-blocking component. It uses springs to seal the air inlet and outlet channels when pressure differences are low. This prevents moisture from entering the pack when air pressures equalize. When pressure imbalances occur due to cell expansion or thermal runaway, the valve opens to vent gases. The sealed channels prevent condensation that could cause short circuits or explosions.

Source

Vent device for battery packs that allows quick and reversible venting to prevent overpressure and explosions. The vent has a piston assembly inside a cylinder that can move to connect and disconnect the vent flow path to the battery pack. A magnetic force holds the piston down normally. When internal pressure rises, an electromagnet coil moves the piston up to vent. When pressure drops, the magnet holds it down again. This allows repeated venting without replacing disposable elements. Sensors detect pressure and piston movement to monitor vent function.

Source

A method to automatically optimize cooling airflow through battery packs in electric aircraft. The system uses sensors to detect battery output and a controller to adjust vent positions. By actively managing the vent arrangement, the airflow through the battery pack can be optimized to prevent overheating and extend battery life.

Source