Mitigating Voltage Drop in EVs Under High-Current Discharge

Intermediate circuit adaptation device for electric vehicles that dynamically adjusts voltage and phase configuration to optimize system efficiency. The device monitors operating conditions and adjusts voltage and phase parameters in real-time to maximize efficiency while maintaining performance. The adaptation is based on the current operating point, including power, dynamic performance, peak current, minimum voltage, cooling power, and heating power. The device continuously monitors and adapts to optimize electrical system performance while reducing energy losses.

Source

Electrical battery system for vehicles that improves performance, reduces cost, weight, and volume, and extends lifetime compared to a single pack system. The system has two battery packs, one with higher energy capacity and another with higher pulse current capability. The packs have different cell types and insulation. In cold weather, the better-insulated pack is used for propulsion and charging. This avoids cold-start degradation while keeping pack size small. The packs are separately removable.

Source

Interleaved DC-DC converter for electric vehicles that enables efficient power conversion during both low and high-power operating conditions. The converter uses a dual PI controller to manage soft start transitions across multiple channels, with interleaved buck and boost converters controlled in parallel. The controller dynamically switches between buck and boost modes based on load conditions and temperature, maintaining optimal power conversion efficiency and preventing reverse current during soft starts.

Source

Bidirectional switch capacitor buck-boost voltage converter for electric vehicles, particularly for hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, that enables efficient high-power charging while maintaining high efficiency. The converter employs a switch capacitor circuit that can operate in both discharging and charging modes, with the capacitor storing charge during charging and discharging during discharging. The circuit is designed to handle high charging currents while maintaining low switching losses, with the capacitor serving as a buffer between the charging and discharging states.

Source

Adaptive DC-DC converter for electric vehicles that dynamically adjusts voltage and phase count based on load conditions. The converter employs a control unit that continuously monitors operating point parameters like power, dynamic performance, and temperature to determine optimal voltage and phase configurations. This enables real-time optimization of the DC-DC converter's operating point while maintaining efficiency and performance.

Source

Matching DC/DC converters in electric vehicles to optimize efficiency and performance. The system adjusts the converter's voltage and phase configuration based on real-time operating conditions, enabling precise control of the DC/DC converter's output voltage and number of phases. This enables the converter to operate within its optimal operating range while maintaining maximum efficiency and performance.

Source

Controlling electric motors in vehicles to optimize torque delivery while maintaining current limits. The control system adjusts the motor's current increase rate to prevent excessive current peaks during torque increases, ensuring safe operation of the battery and preventing battery drain. The system implements a ramped increase strategy that maintains current gradients below the battery's voltage limit, even at high torque demands, by dynamically adjusting the motor's current requirements based on the battery's state of charge.

Source

Variable voltage converter for electric vehicles that optimizes system performance by controlling voltage output across its operating range. The converter employs a boost mode operation mode where the converter switches operate between a low duty cycle (0-0.5) and a high duty cycle (0-1.5) to achieve optimal output voltage across the entire operating range. This allows the converter to maintain precise control over the DC bus voltage while operating in both boost and normal modes.

Source

Power supply system for electric vehicles that optimizes battery management by dynamically allocating power between stationary and removable batteries. The system enables continuous operation of the vehicle's electric motor even when the stationary battery is depleted, while preventing overheating. The system employs a power storage management unit that communicates with both stationary and removable batteries, automatically switching power allocation based on battery state and performance. This enables efficient power distribution and prevents premature battery failure.

Source

Battery system for electric vehicles that optimizes performance, cost, and weight while maintaining safety. The system employs two battery packs with different thermal management characteristics: one with enhanced thermal insulation and the other with improved thermal management capabilities. The system dynamically allocates power between the two battery packs based on operating conditions, with the thermal-insulated pack used for cold start and the more efficient pack for high-performance operation. This enables optimal performance, reduced weight, and minimized volume while maintaining battery health through controlled thermal management.

Source

Interleaved DC-DC converter for electric vehicles that achieves improved voltage gain through reduced current ripple and increased current capability over a wide operating range. The converter employs a configuration where two parallel phase legs with upper and lower switching devices are connected in series between a positive node and a negative node, each having an intermediate junction coupled to a battery by a respective inductance. The converter operates by selectively connecting the positive node to either the positive bus or a capacitor junction, and the negative node to the capacitor junction or the negative bus. This configuration enables the converter to provide both voltage gain and current capability across a broader voltage range compared to conventional interleaved converters.

Source

Operating a variable voltage control inverter in electric vehicles to optimize motor torque and regeneration performance. The control inverter dynamically adjusts its duty cycle based on battery voltage, enabling precise control of the inverter's output voltage. This allows the inverter to maintain optimal operating conditions for the electric motor while also providing efficient regeneration capabilities.

Source

Techniques to prevent battery shutdowns due to power spikes by intelligently scheduling tasks and altering component power states. The technique involves monitoring battery power availability and estimating component power usage to determine potential power spikes. By scheduling tasks and changing component power states at the spike times, it prevents voltage drops below shutdown thresholds, allowing more battery capacity to be extracted. This prevents premature device shutdowns and extends runtimes by avoiding unnecessary battery drain from spikes.

Source

Variable voltage converter control for electric vehicles that enables precise control of electric machine power across different operating conditions. The converter integrates a high-voltage capacitor and a variable voltage converter with switch-based power management, allowing for dynamic adjustment of the converter's output voltage to optimize torque and efficiency across the vehicle's electric machine set.

Source

Controlling a DC-DC converter in electric vehicles to optimize performance and efficiency during high-power torque conditions. The converter adjusts its output voltage step values in response to the vehicle's torque requirement, dynamically selecting from a predefined set of discrete voltage levels. This adaptive approach enables the converter to maintain optimal power delivery while minimizing switching losses and NVH. The converter's voltage step selection is based on historical operating data, allowing it to adapt to changing torque conditions.

Source

A six-step control method for electric motors in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) that enables improved fuel economy during both city and highway driving. The control system employs a current-based six-step inverter mode that operates at lower bus voltages than the traction battery voltage, eliminating the need for voltage conversion. This approach replaces traditional open-loop six-step control with a current control-based six-step algorithm that maintains precise torque delivery while operating at lower bus voltages. The system compensates for back electromotive force (EMF) and cross-coupling effects, enabling stable current control at high speeds.

Source

Electric drive system for electric vehicles that enables dynamic voltage control of the electric motor. The system employs a single inverter that can switch between two operating modes: one for low-power applications and another for high-power applications. The inverter can be configured to operate at both 400V and 600V voltages, with the 600V mode providing higher power output. This allows the system to dynamically adjust voltage levels based on the vehicle's operating conditions, enabling efficient operation across a broad power spectrum.

Source

Power module assemblies for automotive vehicles that minimize voltage spikes and switching losses during inverter operation. The assemblies incorporate design features to reduce stray inductance effects, particularly in the power inverter region. This enables improved performance of semiconductor devices during switching events, particularly in high-power applications like power modules. The design achieves this through optimized power module architecture and component selection.

Source

Optimizing hybrid and electric vehicle propulsion systems through real-time voltage control of the DC bus. The system employs a controller that continuously monitors the speed of an electromechanical device and compares it to its scheduled speed. When the actual speed exceeds the scheduled speed, the controller dynamically adjusts the DC bus voltage to maintain optimal power transfer while preventing excessive voltage fluctuations. This enables precise voltage regulation across the system, particularly during transient conditions like acceleration or deceleration. The controller integrates with nonlinear models to predict system behavior and ensures optimal energy storage unit performance while maintaining fuel efficiency and vehicle performance.

Source

Electric vehicle with enhanced range and reduced vehicle weight through a novel battery management system. The vehicle incorporates a primary battery pack with standard capacity, and a secondary battery pack that can be selectively integrated into the vehicle's battery compartment. This modular battery system enables the vehicle to operate with a standard capacity battery while also accommodating additional capacity packs for enhanced range. The primary battery pack maintains the required activation voltage for the electric motor, while the secondary battery pack can be easily integrated or removed to optimize the vehicle's battery capacity.

Source