Electrolyte Breakdown Prevention During Ultrafast EV Battery Charging

Fast charging electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries that improves charging speed, temperature performance, and cycle life. The electrolyte contains specific additives like fluorocarbonates, phosphites, sulfones, and fluorophenyl carboxylates. The additives promote interface film formation, solvent desolvation, and Li+ mobility to enhance charging, stability, and cycle life. The electrolyte can be a two-step injection process with different compositions for optimal performance.

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Battery with fast charging capability that can be charged to 80% SOC in 20 minutes or less at high rates like 3C or more. The battery achieves this by optimizing the electrolyte composition, negative electrode thickness, and discharge resistance ratios. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains specific solvents like EMC and EP with ≥20 wt% mass percentage. It also has a low LiPO2F2 content ≤1 wt% to prevent excessive conductivity drop. The negative electrode thickness is adjusted to meet a condition A+100*B-C≥0. The discharge resistance at 50% and 80% SOC are related by E/D≤2.

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High-voltage, high-ionic-conductivity solid-state polymer composite electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries that achieves nominal voltages of 5V per cell. The electrolyte consists of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) polymer matrix, a sulfolane-based plasticizer, a lithium salt, and ceramic nanoparticles with diameters between 10-2000 nm. The ceramic nanoparticles enhance ionic conductivity while maintaining fire resistance and non-flammability. This novel electrolyte enables high-voltage lithium-ion batteries with superior energy density compared to conventional SSEs.

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A lithium-ion battery electrolyte that combines high conductivity and thermal stability with improved cycle life and storage performance. The electrolyte comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent, a first additive, and a second additive. The first additive is a lithium salt, and the second additive is a vinylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate mixture. The electrolyte achieves superior performance characteristics, including enhanced capacity retention, lower discharge rate constants, and improved thermal stability, while maintaining high conductivity and viscosity.

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A sinusoidal envelope pulse current charging circuit that enables efficient and high-speed battery charging through the use of a power electronic converter. The circuit employs a power supply, an AD/DC converter, a DC/DC converter, and a control module. The input of the AD/DC converter is connected to the power supply, the DC/DC converter is connected to the output of the AD/DC converter, and the output of the DC/DC converter is connected to the battery. The control module generates a drive signal and controls the DC/DC converter to produce a sinusoidal envelope pulse current that charges the battery.

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Electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries with improved fast charging, low-temperature performance, and reduced co-intercalation of negative electrode materials during charging. The electrolyte contains specific additives and solvents. It has an organic solvent mixture of EC, DMC, EMC, and EPC. Rapid charge cycle improving additives like vinyl carbonate (VC) and methylene methanedisulfonate (MMDS) form a stable SEI film on the negative electrode surface. Low temperature power improving additives like trimethylsilane borate (TMSB), trimethylsilane phosphate (TMSP), and trimethylsilane phosphite (TMSPI) improve low temperature performance by removing water, inhibiting ester exchange, and modifying film formation.

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Lithium-ion battery electrolyte for high-voltage applications, specifically for ternary cathode materials, that addresses the performance limitations of conventional electrolytes. The electrolyte combines a ternary cathode material with a novel organic solvent system, featuring lithium salts, sulfonate esters, and borate compounds. The sulfonate esters enhance ionic conductivity while maintaining chemical stability, while the borate compounds contribute to electrolyte stability and compatibility with the ternary cathode material. This electrolyte system enables high-voltage lithium-ion batteries with improved performance, particularly at elevated temperatures, while maintaining safety and cycle life.

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Optimizing lithium-ion battery performance through controlled voltage management during charging and discharging cycles. The method involves a specific formation process where the battery is first charged at low rates (less than 30 C) followed by discharges, and then multiple charge-discharge cycles are performed. The battery is then operated within a narrow voltage range during initial capacity testing, gradually expanding the voltage range as capacity degrades. This controlled voltage management strategy enables the battery to maintain optimal performance during both charging and discharging cycles, particularly under high-rate charging conditions.

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Battery cell and secondary battery design that optimizes negative electrode performance for enhanced charging efficiency and cycle life. The design improves negative electrode conductivity by controlling the structure parameter of the negative pole piece, specifically targeting a ratio of LiXpi/(NiXNiXWiXHi) of 2.50 or greater. This parameter enables optimal current collector design, ensuring uniform electron flow and minimizing resistance. The optimized negative electrode structure enables faster ion migration between electrodes, improves charge transfer kinetics, and reduces dendrite formation during charging. The design also addresses issues of poor conductivity, excessive resistance, and heat generation by incorporating high-porosity isolation membranes and optimized current collector geometries.

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Electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries that combines enhanced safety and performance characteristics through the use of specific solvent compositions. The electrolyte comprises a linear solvent comprising a four-carbon chain ester, a cyclic carbonate (such as vinyl carbonate), and a lithium salt. The solvent composition optimizes both ionic conductivity and thermal stability for fast charging applications, while maintaining safety requirements.

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Lithium-ion battery electrolyte that enhances low-temperature performance and prevents thermal runaway through a unique combination of additives. The electrolyte comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate as the lithium salt, ethylene carbonate as the solvent, and a blend of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinyl sulfate, and 1,3-propane sultone as the additive. The additives are specifically designed to improve low-temperature performance and prevent thermal runaway, while maintaining high thermal stability and preventing overcharge-related safety issues.

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Extending the cycling lifetime of fast charging lithium-ion batteries by optimizing formation processes and operation patterns. During formation, low currents and partial charging/discharging cycles are used to improve SEI stability. During operation, voltages are initially restricted to a narrow range but broadened as battery degrades to prevent capacity loss. Charging currents are also adjusted based on capacity. This prevents premature SEI degradation and optimizes cycle life.

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A vehicle-mounted intelligent pulse charger for new energy electric vehicles that optimizes charging efficiency through advanced pulse management. The charger employs a novel pulse sequence that dynamically adjusts charging parameters based on real-time battery state, including voltage, temperature, and current capacity. This adaptive approach enables precise control over charging conditions, particularly during high-drain scenarios like uphill driving, to prevent premature battery degradation and extend overall vehicle lifespan.

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A controlled pulse modulation device for lithium-ion battery charging that integrates with battery management systems (BMS). The device modulates charging pulses in synchronization with the battery's charging cycle, optimizing charging efficiency and safety while maintaining optimal battery state.

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A lithium-ion battery electrolyte and battery for electric vehicles that combines high-nickel ternary lithium-ion battery performance with enhanced stability and safety. The electrolyte contains a novel additive that specifically addresses the degradation issues associated with high-nickel ternary materials, particularly at elevated temperatures. This additive improves the electrolyte's lithium ion transport properties and oxidation resistance while maintaining its thermal stability. The battery design incorporates this additive to enhance the overall performance and safety of the battery system.

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Lithium-ion battery with low impedance growth and high rate capability suitable for applications like hybrid electric vehicles. The battery contains a lithium transition metal phosphate positive electrode, carbon negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte has a specific concentration of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) and a solvent composition. The battery components are selected to achieve low impedance growth of less than 10% per 1000 cycles at temperatures up to 60°C. This prevents lithium plating and capacity loss during high rate charging. The battery can charge at 10C and discharge at 20C with less than 0.008% capacity loss per cycle over 1000 cycles. The battery also has a total capacity of at least 1Ah to enable high power applications.

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A high-performance ion battery electrolyte that enhances ion mobility through a novel combination of conductive salt, additives, and a specific acid composition. The electrolyte contains a conductive salt (e.g., LiPF6) in a solvent comprising 28.5% carbonic acid, 4.9% propylene carbonate, 42.7% dimethyl carbonate, 4.1% caprolactone, 2.4% acetic acid hexyl, and 0.81% LiPF6. The acid enhances ion mobility through its ability to form stable complexes with lithium ions, while the conductive salt facilitates ion transport. The electrolyte also includes surfactants like caprolactone to further improve ion mobility. This composition provides high ionic conductivity, rapid ion migration, and enhanced ion transport properties, enabling high-rate battery performance.

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Lithium-ion battery electrolyte containing fluoroethylene carbonate and a lithium ion battery that prevents high-temperature gas production and lithium salt precipitation while maintaining high cycle life. The electrolyte contains a controlled amount of fluoroethylene carbonate, which is a key component of lithium-ion electrolytes, and a lithium ion battery that employs a novel cathode material. The cathode material prevents lithium salt precipitation while maintaining the necessary ionic conductivity for efficient lithium ion transport.

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A lithium-ion battery electrolyte that enhances high-temperature performance, low-temperature performance, and long cycle life. The electrolyte contains a lithium salt and a specific additive that combines to improve the battery's thermal stability and thermal conductivity. This additive formulation, comprising silicane sulfuric acid ester, enables the electrolyte to maintain its conductivity and electrical conductivity even at elevated temperatures while maintaining the necessary thermal stability for operation at low temperatures. The formulation enables the battery to operate safely and efficiently across a wide temperature range, including both high-temperature applications and low-temperature environments.

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