Hyundai Battery Management System Analysis and Insights

A system for a battery pack in an electric vehicle to improve reliability and efficiency by preventing voltage spikes and balancing charge levels between high-voltage and low-voltage battery modules. It uses relays, a converter, and an energy storage device. The relays connect the high-voltage and low-voltage modules to the motor and low-voltage electronics. The converter converts voltage between the modules. The energy storage device connects to the converter output. This prevents insulation breakdown when relays close, balances charge levels, and allows operation during converter failures. A battery management system controls the relays based on vehicle state.

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Charging system for electric vehicles with dual batteries that allows selective charging of each battery based on the external charger capacity. The system has three switching elements: one between the two batteries, and one for each battery to connect/disconnect from external charger. A controller identifies charger capacity and switches to charge either battery individually, both simultaneously, or both as a single battery. This allows optimized charging based on charger capability instead of boosting one battery inside the vehicle.

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Battery management system and method to measure cell voltages in a battery pack while preventing damage to the voltage monitoring circuit due to reverse voltages on the busbar. The method involves using a single channel of the monitoring IC to simultaneously measure cell and busbar voltages. It also uses an additional channel to measure reverse voltage on the busbar. The cell voltage is then calculated using the normal cell voltage measurement and the reverse busbar voltage. This allows using all channels of the monitoring IC for cell voltages while still detecting reverse voltages on the busbar.

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Battery management system for vehicles that estimates temperature of failed sensors using accumulated battery operation data to prevent accelerated battery deterioration. If a temperature sensor fails, the system estimates the temperature at that location based on historical differences between highest and lowest temperatures, and the behavior of other sensors. This estimated temperature is then used to manage battery charging/discharging instead of disabling it completely when a sensor fails.

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Battery temperature control for electric vehicles that improves charging efficiency by determining the optimal temperature to charge the battery based on the state of charge (SOC) when charging begins. The method involves determining the charging start time based on driving patterns and environment, calculating the battery's temperature change leading up to charging, and then determining the time to start temperature control to reach the optimal charging temperature. This avoids unnecessary heating/cooling when the battery is already at the optimal temperature.

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Battery management system that integrates monitoring of both low voltage and high voltage batteries using a single communication protocol. The low voltage battery is monitored by a dedicated low voltage monitoring unit. The high voltage battery is monitored using a daisy-chained array of sensing ICs connected to the low voltage monitoring unit. The low voltage unit relays the high voltage monitoring results to the central control unit. This allows both battery types to be monitored and managed using a unified communication protocol.

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Estimating the state of health (SOH) of an all-solid-state battery by detecting hydrogen sulfide generation in the cells and using that as a factor. The method involves placing a hydrogen sulfide sensor in the battery to measure the amount or increase rate of hydrogen sulfide generated in each cell. By comparing the hydrogen sulfide data to pre-prepared information, the SOH of the battery can be estimated accurately regardless of charge level or temperature. This improves reliability compared to traditional SOH estimation methods that rely solely on capacity degradation.

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Battery Management System (BMS) semiconductor device with leakage current detection that uses a simple comparator instead of an ADC to detect leakage currents in battery cells. The BMS has upper and lower sensing terminals connected to the positive and negative cell terminals, respectively. A comparator compares the balancing terminal voltage to the lower sensing terminal voltage. An ADC senses the voltage difference between upper and lower sensing terminals. A threshold is set based on the ADC value. If the comparator output exceeds the threshold, it indicates a leakage current. This allows detecting leakage currents without needing separate ADCs on each sensing terminal.

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A vehicle with a battery pack containing multiple battery modules, each with multiple cells. The vehicle uses a reduced number of sensors to accurately monitor the state of the cells and pack. It does this by fusing data from a cell voltage sensor and a module voltage/current sensor to estimate cell charge levels. The fused data reduces error and allows accurate charge tracking with fewer sensors compared to measuring each cell individually. The fused data is used to correct cell charge estimates based on module and pack charge levels.

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Battery management system for eco-friendly vehicles that adjusts the maximum discharge rate of a battery based on cell voltage deviation and battery degradation. The system uses a map to match power limits with voltage deviations. It identifies the max and min cell voltages, calculates the deviation, looks up the limit from the map, and sets the final limit considering weight. This prevents over-discharging below safe limits as cells degrade. The limit adjustment helps prolong battery life by preventing excessive discharge as cells age and voltage balance deteriorates.

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System for managing batteries in electric vehicles to maintain optimal performance at low temperatures like winter. The system involves charging an auxiliary battery when conditions permit to prevent discharging it. It also actively warms the main battery when it falls below an optimal temperature range. This prevents the main battery output drop at low temperatures while conserving charge in the auxiliary battery.

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A battery management system for electric vehicles that enables efficient monitoring of the battery in a power-off state to prevent issues like battery combustion. The system involves waking up some controllers periodically in the power-off state to monitor the battery. When the vehicle turns off, a controller turns off the main relay disconnecting the battery from the vehicle system. It then monitors the battery for a set time using its own power. When the time elapses, another controller wakes up and continues monitoring. This allows monitoring the battery even when the vehicle is off without continuous power consumption. It also checks if the battery charge is sufficient, other battery is available, and communication is possible before starting monitoring.

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Battery management system for electric vehicles that can detect and alert battery issues even when the vehicle is powered off. The system calculates battery parameters and compares them to reference values to determine if the battery is abnormal. If an issue is found, it stores an error code, displays an alert on the cluster, wakes the AVN system, notifies an external server, and prevents starting the vehicle until resolved. This allows identifying and addressing battery problems even in the no-load state when the main relay is off and the vehicle is powered down.

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Vehicle with improved battery management for vehicles with lithium-ion batteries to efficiently manage the battery state of charge and extend battery life. The method involves calculating an estimated SoC based on current alone, then calculating an actual SoC using a battery model with voltage and current inputs. By comparing the estimated and actual SoCs, the method determines if an error exists. If so, it activates features like generator control and engine shutoff during stopping to mitigate the error and improve battery life.

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Optimizing battery charging at low temperatures by dynamically managing a temperature-increasing device to prevent charging delays due to insufficient current for the battery. The method involves estimating the optimal time to turn off the temperature-increasing device during charging based on the battery state of charge (SOC) and target SOC. If the target SOC will be reached before the battery temperature reaches the optimal charging temperature, the temperature-increasing device is turned off sooner to avoid current constraints. This prevents unnecessary heating that reduces charge rate. If the target SOC won't be reached before optimal temperature, the heating continues to complete charging. This balances temperature and charge efficiency.

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Intelligently controlling battery current usage in electric vehicles to prevent overheating without active cooling systems. The method involves determining the battery heating value based on factors like driving time and terrain when the destination is input. If the heating value exceeds the heat absorption capacity of the battery terminals, current limits are applied to prevent overheating during the trip. This allows passive cooling through the terminals instead of active systems.

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A system and method for controlling the charge and discharge of an auxiliary battery in an electric vehicle to improve its efficiency at low and high temperatures. The method involves rapidly changing the battery temperature to optimal ranges for charge/discharge efficiency. At low temperatures, the method charges the auxiliary battery with maximum current to generate heat and raise temperature. At high temperatures, it discharges the battery to zero current to suppress heat generation. This allows the battery to rapidly escape from temperature ranges where charge/discharge efficiency is low.

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Battery management system for electric vehicles that improves battery durability at low temperatures by blocking heat transfer when parked in cold weather. The system uses a network of cooling pipes connecting the battery pack and other electric components. When external temperature is below a threshold, a pump moves the coolant from the battery pipes to the electric device cooler reservoir, replacing the coolant with gas. This insulates the battery pipes and reduces heat transfer to the cold air. Once flow rate drops, the pump stops and valves disconnect the pipes to prevent freezing. This prolongs battery warmup time compared to conventional heating, saving energy and reducing degradation.

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Compact and efficient battery system for electric and hybrid vehicles that improves spatial efficiency, cooling, and crash safety compared to conventional under-seat battery layouts. The battery system has the high voltage battery modules stacked vertically, with a cooling fan, low voltage battery, power relay, and battery management system arranged alongside in a compact configuration. This allows better utilization of space compared to under-seat layouts, reduces weight, and simplifies assembly. The vertical layout also provides better cooling by allowing airflow through the fan. It also prevents sub-marining of rear seat occupants during crashes by avoiding the seat falling onto the battery pack.

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